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A risk-based model for predicting the impact of using condoms on the spread of sexually transmitted infections

Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第1期2卷 100-112页

作者： Asma Azizi Karen ríos-Soto Anuj Mubayi james MHyman Department of Mathematics Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70118United States Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Puerto RicoMayaguezPR00610United States School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUnited States Simon A.Levin Mathematical Computational Modeling Science Center Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUnited States

We create and analyze a mathematical model to understand the impact of condom-use and sexual behavior on the prevalence and spread of Sexually Transmitted Infections(STIs).STIs remain significant public health challenges globally with a high burden of some Sexually Transmitted Diseases(STDs)in both developed and undeveloped *** condom-use is known to reduce the transmission of STIs,there are a few quantitative population-based studies on the protective role of condom-use in reducing the incidence of *** number of concurrent partners is correlated with their risk of being infectious by an STI such as chlamydia,gonorrhea,or *** develop a Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible(SIS)model that stratifies the population based on the number of concurrent *** model captures the multi-level heterogeneous mixing through a combination of biased(preferential)and random(proportional)mixing processes between individuals with distinct risk levels,and accounts for differences in condom-use in the low-and high-risk *** use sensitivity analysis to assess the relative impact of high-risk people using condom as a prophylactic intervention to reduce their chance of being infectious,or infecting *** model predicts the STI prevalence as a function of the number of partners of an individual,and quantifies how this distribution of effective partners changes as a function of *** results show that when the mixing is random,then increasing the condom-use in the high-risk population is more effective in reducing the prevalence than when many of the partners of high-risk people have high *** model quantifies how the risk of being infected increases for people who have more partners,and the need for high-risk people to consistently use condoms to reduce their risk of infection.

关键词： Mathematical modeling Sexually transmitted infection(STI) Biased(preferential)mixing random(proportional)mixing Condom-use risk(number of partners)

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Inverse Eigenvalue Problems for Exploring the Dynamics of Systems Biology Models

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第6期1卷 711-728页

作者： james Lu Johann radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics Austrian Academy of SciencesAltenbergerstrasse 69 Linz 4010Austria

This paper describes inverse eigenvalue problems that arise in studying qualitative dynamics in systems biology *** algorithm based on lift-andproject iterations is proposed,where the lifting step entails solving a constrained matrix inverse eigenvalue *** particular,prior to carrying out the iterative steps,a-priori bounds on the entries of the Jacobian matrix are computed by relying on the reaction network structure as well as the form of the rate law expressions for the model under *** results on a number of models show that the proposed algorithm can be used to computationally explore the possible dynamical scenarios while identifying the important mechanisms via the use of sparsity-promoting regularization.

关键词： Inverse eigenvalue problems dynamical systems bifurcation biology sparsity

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Locally transplanted enteric glia improve functional and structural recovery in a rat model of spinal cord injury

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Neural regeneration research 2009年第9期4卷 710-716页

作者： Shucui Jiang Mohammad I. Khan james r. Bain Cai Jiang Christopher r. Hansebout Zesheng Yu Yuqing Liu Michel P, rathbone Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology. McMaster University Health Sciences Centre 4N71B 1200 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada Departments of Neurology Neurochemistry and Neuroscience McMaster University · Health Sciences Centre ·4N71B 1200 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada Department of Plastic Surgery McMaster University · Health Sciences Centre ·4N71B 1200 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada

BACKGrOUND： We have previously reported that adult enteric glia （EG） facilitate the growth of transected dorsal root axons into the uninjured spinal cord to form functional connections with their targets. OBJECTIVE： The present study investigated the effects of EG on spinal cord function, tissue injury, and axonal regeneration following transplantation into injured rat spinal cords, according to histological and functional outcomes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at McMaster University, Canada from January 2006 to March 2008. MATErIALS： EG were isolated from rat intestine, METHODS： One week following spinal cord crush, female Wistar rats were injected with an EG suspension （2 μL, 1 × 10^5/μL, n = 10） or with the same volume of fresh culture medium alone （control animals, n = 11）. The third group did not receive any injection following laminectomy and served as the sham-operated controls （n = 5）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUrES： Behavior was tested prior to transplantation and weekly following transplantation, with nine behavioral examinations in total. Open field, hind limb placement response foot orientation response, and inclined plane test were utilized. Immediately following the final behavioral examination, spinal cord T9 to L1 segments were harvested for immunohistochemical and hematoxylin-eosin staining to determine astroglial scarring, axonal regeneration and spinal cord lesion size. rESULTS： rats with EG transplantation exhibited significantly better locomotor function with reduced tissue damage, compared with the control rats. Cystic cavities were present 2 months after injury in spinal cords from both control groups. In contrast, rats injected with EG did not present with cystic lesions. In addition, the injury site consisted of cellular material and nerve fibers, and axonal regeneration was apparent, with dense labeling of neurofilament-positive axons within the injury site. Moreover, regenerating axons were intim

关键词： enteric glia cell transplantation locomotor function histology spinal cord injury axonal regeneration

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共轭聚合物聚对苯撑乙烯膜的光稳定性研究

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光谱学与光谱分析 2005年第5期25卷 743-746页

作者：李晓娥阎宏涛 Durrant james r 西北大学化工系陕西西安710069 伦敦帝国学院化学系

采用UV Vis吸收光谱、荧光光谱对MDMO PPV膜和MEH PPV膜进行了光稳定性测试,最大吸收峰为500nm,最大荧光强度峰分别为580和589nm。在氧的存在和光的辐射下,均可降低它们的荧光强度。运用非均相光催化氧化技术,利用固态纳米TiO2PVC复合膜... 详细信息

采用UV Vis吸收光谱、荧光光谱对MDMO PPV膜和MEH PPV膜进行了光稳定性测试,最大吸收峰为500nm,最大荧光强度峰分别为580和589nm。在氧的存在和光的辐射下,均可降低它们的荧光强度。运用非均相光催化氧化技术,利用固态纳米TiO2PVC复合膜,对提高PPV膜的光稳定性进行了初探。

关键词：共轭聚合物光催化氧化纳米二氧化钛

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Analysis of the Oscillatory Flows of Multiple Shock Waves in a Constant Area Duct

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 794-806页

作者： K james Jintu KIM Heuy Dong Department of Mechanical Engineering Andong National UniversityAndong36729Republic of Korea CAD-IT Korea Co. Ltd.Seoul08591Republic of Korea

The oscillatory response of multiple shock waves to downstream perturbations in a supersonic flow is studied numerically in a rectangular *** shock waves are formed inside the duct at a shock Mach number of *** duct has an exit height of H,and the effect of duct resonance on multiple shock oscillations is investigated by attaching exit ducts of lengths 0H,50H,and *** downstream disturbance frequency varied from 10 Hz to 200 Hz to explore the oscillation characteristics of the multiple shock *** oscillatory response of shock waves under self-excited and forced oscillation conditions are analyzed in terms of wall static pressure,shock train leading-edge location,shock train length,and the size of the separation *** extent of the initial shock location increases with an increase in exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** analysis of the shock train leading edge and the spectral analysis of wall static pressure variations are *** variation in the shock train length is analyzed using the pressure ratio method for self-excited as well as forced *** rMS amplitude of the normalized shock train length(ζ_(ST))increases with an increase in the exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** the downstream perturbation frequency is increased,ζ_(ST)is decreased for exit duct *** all exit duct designs and downstream forcing frequencies,the size of the separation bubble grows and shrinks during the shock oscillations,demonstrating the dependence on duct resonance and forced oscillations.

关键词： shock train downstream disturbance supersonic flow shock wave boundary layer interaction duct resonance flow separation

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In-chamber thermocatalytic tar cracking and syngas reforming using char-supported NiO catalyst in an updraft biomass gasifier

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第6期7卷 91-97页

作者： Arthur M.james r Wenqiao Yuan Michael D.Boyette Donghai Wang Ajay Kumar Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7625USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506-2906USA Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK74078-6016USA

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an in-chamber tar cracking and syngas reforming *** unit was composed of a two-stage tubular reactor placed within the combustion zone of an updraft biomass *** generated in the exothermic combustion reactions of biomass gasification drove tar cracking and syngas reforming in the tubes,eliminating the need of external *** performance of the unit was evaluated using char-supported NiO catalysts and was found to be very effective in tar removal and syngas composition enhancement.A tar removal rate of 95% was achieved at 0.3 s residence time and 10%nickel *** condition also gave syngas high-heating value increment of 36%(to 7.3 MJ/m^(3)).The effect of gas residence time and Ni loading on tar removal and syngas composition of the unit was also *** residence of 0.2-0.3 s and Ni loading of 5%-10% were found appropriate to produce clean syngas with tar content appropriate for industrial applications(raft biomass gasifier without external heating.

关键词： biomass gasification tar cracking syngas reforming nickel catalyst char catalyst

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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in type 2 diabetes melitus: from pathophysiology to therapeutics

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第5期14卷 4-15页

作者： Miyesaier Abudureyimu Xuanming Luo Xiang Wang james r.Sowers Wenshuo Wang Junbo Ge Jun ren Yingmei Zhang Cardiovascular Department Shanghai Xuhui Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Department of General Surgery Shanghai Xuhui Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Diabetes and Cardiovascular research Center University of Missouri ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212USA Department of Cardiology Shanghai lnstitute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM or T2D)is a devastating metabolic abnormality featured by insulin resistance,hyperglycemia,and hyperlipidemia.T2D provokes unique metabolic changes and compromises cardiovascular geometry and ***,T2D increases the overall risk for heart failure(HF)and acts independent of classical risk factors including coronary artery disease,hypertension,and valvular heart *** incidence of HF is extremely high in patients with T2D and is manifested as HF with preserved,reduced,and midrange ejection fraction(HFpEF,HFrEF,and HFmrEF,respectively),all of which significantly worsen the prognosis for *** seen in approximately half of the HF cases and is defined as a heterogenous syndrome with discrete phenotypes,particularly in close association with metabolic ***,management of HFpEF in T2D remains unclear,largely due to the poorly defined pathophysiology behind ***,in this review,we will summarize findings from multiple preclinical and clinical studies as well as recent clinical trials,mainly focusing on the pathophysiology,potential mechanisms,and therapies of HFpEF in T2D.

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus heart failure with preserved ejection fraction pathophysiology therapies

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Vertebrate pesticide risk assessment by indigenous communities in New Zealand

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第1期5卷 37-43页

作者： Shaun C.OGILVIE james M.ATArIA james WAIWAI james DOHErTY Aroha MILLEr james G.rOSS Charles T.EASON Ecology Department Lincoln UniversityLincolnCanterburyNew Zealand Landcare research LincolnCanterburyNew Zealand Lake Waikaremoana Hapu restoration Trust TuaiNew Zealand Tuhoe Tuawhenua Trust MuruparaNew Zealand

In New Zealand,the vertebrate pesticide sodium fluoroacetate(Compound 1080)is aerially applied in baits for control of the brush-tailed possum Trichosurus vulpecula(Kerr,1792).Maori,the indigenous people of New Zealand,have raised concerns about 1080 impacts on culturally-important ***,we outline two steps taken to help Maori assess 1080 ***,field research was undertaken to determine if naturally-occurring plants utilized by a Maori community for food and medicine would take up 1080 from *** baits were placed at the base of individual plants of two species,pikopiko(Asplenium bulbiferum)and karamuramu(Coprosma robusta).Plants were sampled at various times up to 56 days,and samples were analyzed for 1080 *** 1080 was detected in any of the pikopiko samples,whereas 1080 was detected in karamuramu,at a maximum concentration of 5 ppb after seven days,and 2.5 ppb after 14 *** concentration decreased to 0 at 28 days,indicating that 1080 was not *** results of the present study suggest there is negligible risk of humans being poisoned by consum-ing plants that have taken up 1080 from *** allay community concerns that minute concentrations of 1080 might influence the medicinal properties of plants,it is suggested that a withholding period of 30 days after 1080 control operations could be ***,after further consultation we undertook a review of the scientific literature relating to 1080 impacts on additional non-target species of cultural importance to *** information was presented on an interactive foodweb database that allowed the collection and presentation of a large volume of complex information about 1080 in a holistic and pictorial *** database was presented to many Maori communities throughout New Zealand,and feedback was overwhelmingly *** database is likely to play a key role in informing these communities about 1080,and is seen as an important new tool to help these communities

关键词： 1080 indigenous communities Maori risk assessment sodium fluoroacetate

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Papillary thyroid cancer and inflammatory bowel disease:Is there a relationship?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1079-1084页

作者： Irene S Sonu Wojciech Blonski Ming Valerie Lin james Lewis Faten Aberra Gary r Lichtenstein Division of Internal Medicine Stanford University Hospital and ClinicsStanfordCA 94305United States Division of Internal Medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnson CityNY 13790United States Division of Digestive Diseases University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45229United States Division of Gastroenterology Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19103United States

AIM:To formally study age of diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer(PTC) in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) patients and evaluate the prevalence of PTC in IBD patients compared to a control *** that patients with IBD are more likely to be diagnosed with PTC than a control population.A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using the University of Pennsylvania Health System's electronic *** from 1998-2009 were included in the search,and patients in the cohort were selected based on ICD-9 *** criteria included the diagnosis of Crohn's disease(CD) or ulcerative colitis(UC) and the concurrent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in comparison to a control *** these methods 912 patients with CD and 1774 with UC were compared to 1638 diverticulitis and 19 447 asthma *** were performed using corrected chisquare *** primary outcome for this study was the diagnosis of *** to conduct this study was obtained by the Institutional review Board at the University of ***:The mean age was 47.5 years(range:18-102 years) and 66% patients were *** analysis of variance model was used to compare the age of PTC diagnosis between the CD,UC,asthma and diverticulitis groups,and a statistically significant difference in age at PTC diagnosis was noted across all groups(F = 6.35,df = 3,P = 0.0006).The age of PTC diagnosis in CD patients was statistically significantly lower than UC,asthma,and diverticulitis patients(average PTC diagnosis age for CD 25,UC 49,asthma 45,diverticulitis 63).After covarying for sex and age in 2009,the difference in age at PTC diagnosis remained statistically significant(F = 4.13,df = 3,P = 0.0089).A total of 86 patients were diagnosed with *** patients(0.5%) with UC were diagnosed with *** with UC were not shown to be more likely to develop PTC [odds ratio(Or):1.544,95%CI 0.767-3.108] compared to asthma *** patients(0.4%) with CD were

关键词： Papillary thyroid cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis

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Cryptocurrency valuation and ethics:a text analytic approach

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Journal of Management Analytics 2020年第3期7卷 367-388页

作者： james r.Barth Hemantha S.B.Herath Tejaswini C.Herath Pei Xu Department of Finance Auburn UniversityAuburnUSA Department of Accounting Brock UniversitySt.CatharinesCanada Department of Finance Operationsand Information SystemsBrock UniversitySt.CatharinesCanada Department of Systems and Technology Auburn UniversityAuburnUSA

A recent and potentially profound innovation is the creation of cryptocurrencies and the underlying technology that is essential for their use in various financial *** the anonymity of a user of a cryptocurrency,such digital currencies may be used for many different types of both lawful and illicit *** main purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which ethical considerations associated with the use of cryptocurrencies affect the valuations attached to such *** examination is based on a text analytic approach that involves measuring the extent to which ethical and unethical words are used in a discussion related to Bitcoin on Twitter to determine if there is a connection between ethics and cryptocurrency *** find the frequency of an unethical discussion about Bitcoin is negatively associated with its *** contrast,the frequency of an ethical discussion is positively associated with its price.

关键词： Cryptocurrency Bitcoin Ethics Dark Net Crypto-Crime Twitter text analytics market reaction

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