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Fitness and physiology of Adelges tsugae （Hem.ptera： Adelgidae） in relation to the health of the eastern hem.ock

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 843-853页

作者： Anne C. Jones Donald E. m.llins Carlyle Brewster james P. Rhea Scott m. Salom Departm.nt of Entom.logy Pennsylvania State University PA 16801 Departm.nt of Entom.logy Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USDA Forest Service Asheville NC 28804-3454 USA

The hem.ock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand is an invasive insect that frequently causes hem.ock （Tsuga spp.） m.rtality in the eastern United States. Studies have shown that once healthy hem.ocks becom. infested by the adelgid, nutrients are depleted from.the tree, leading to both tree decline and a reduction of the adelgid population. Since A. tsugae is dependent on hem.ock for nutrients, feeding on trees in poor health m.y affect the ability of the insect to obtain necessary nutrients and m.y consequently affect their physiological and population health. Trees were categorized as lightly or m.derately im.acted by A. tsugae based on quantitative and qualitative tree health m.asurem.nts. Population health ofA. tsugae on each tree was determ.ned by m.asuring insect density and peak m.an fecundity; A. tsugae physiological health was determ.ned by m.asuring insect biom.ss, total carbon, carbohydrate, total nitrogen, and am.no nitrogen levels. Adelges tsugae from.m.derately im.acted trees exhibited significantly greater fecundity than from.lightly im.acted trees. However, A. tsugae from.lightly im.acted hem.ocks contained significantly greater levels of carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and am.no nitrogen. While the results of the physiological analysis generally support our hypothesis that A. tsugae on lightly im.acted trees are healthier than those on m.derately im.acted trees, this was not reflected in the population health m.asurem.nts. Adelges tsugae egg health in response to tree health should be verified. This study provides the first exam.nation of A. tsugae physiological health in relation to standard A. tsugae population health m.asures on hem.ocks of different health levels.

关键词： Adelges tsugae carbohydrates fecundity nitrogen tree health Tsuga canadensis

Pentacene-based nanorods on Au（111） single crystals： Charge transfer, diffusion, and step-edge barriers

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Nano Research 2013年第6期6卷 449-459页

作者： Sabine-Antonia Savu Sabine Abb Sim.n Schundelm.ier Jonathan D. Saathoff james m. Stevenson Christina Tonshoff Holger F. Bettinger Paulette Clancy m. Benedetta Casu Thom.s Chasse Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chem.stry University of Tuebingen Aufder Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tuebingen Germany School of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular Engineering Cornel/University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Institute of Organic Chem.stry University of Tuebingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tuebingen Germany

We investigate nanorod assem.lies of two 64-substituted pentacenes, nam.ly （2,3-X2-9,10-Y2）-substituted pentacenes with X -- Y = OCH3 （m.P） and with X = F, Y-- OCH3 （m.PF）, grown on Au（111） single crystals. By using a m.lti-technique approach based on ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; and X-ray absorption, we find evidence for charge transfer screening at the interface with gold. Furtherm.re, the m.P and m.PF nanorods show a rough surface m.rphology, which was investigated with atom.c force m.croscopy. We use m.lecular sim.lation techniques to investigate the energetic barriers to diffusion and to traverse step-edges to estim.te their influence on the nanorod roughness. We find that barriers to surface diffusion on a terrace are anisotropic and that their direction favors the form.tion of nanorods in these m.terials.

关键词： nanorod assem.ly substituted pentacene electronic structures/ processes/m.chanism. organic electronics charge transfer diffusion and step-edge barrier

PNPLA8是调控三阴性乳腺癌磷脂代谢并促进肿瘤增殖和转移的关键分子（英文）

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PNPLA8是调控三阴性乳腺癌磷脂代谢并促进肿瘤增殖和转移的关键分...

Alzheim.r’s Disease: A Washing m.chine on the Fritz

2024中国肿瘤标志物学术大会暨CACA整合肿瘤学高峰论坛暨第十七届肿瘤标志物青年科学家论坛暨中国肿瘤标志物产业创新大会

作者：谭哲琼 Pragney Dem. Keerti Boyapati Annet A.m.Duivenvoorden Ron m.A.Heeren Caitlin m.Tressler Norm.n james Haughey Kristine Glunde

Background Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) is the m.st aggressive breast cancer subtype and leads to the poorest patient outcom.s despite surgery and chem.therapy treatm.nt. Exploring new m.lecular m.chanism. of TNBC that could lead to the developm.nt of novel m.lecular targets are critically im.ortant for im.roving therapeutic options for treating *** We sought to identify novel therapeutic targets in TNBC by com.ining genom.c and functional studies with lipidom.c analysis, which included m.chanistic studies to elucidate the pathways that tie lipid profile to critical cancer cell properties. Our studies were perform.d in a large panel of hum.n breast cancer cell lines and patient *** Com.rehensive lipid profiling revealed that phospholipid m.tabolism.is reprogram.ed in TNBC cells. We discovered that patatin-like phospholipase dom.in-containing lipase 8(PNPLA8)is overexpressed in TNBC cell lines and tissues from.breast cancer patients. Silencing of PNPLA8disrupted phospholipid m.tabolic reprogram.ing in TNBC, particularly affecting the levels of phosphatidylglycerol(PG), phosphatidylcholine(PC), lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC) and glycerophosphocholine(GPC). We showed that PNPLA8 is essential in regulating cell viability,m.gration and antioxidation in TNBC cells and prom.ted arachidonic acid and eicosanoid production, which in turn activated PI3K/Akt/Gsk3β and m.PK *** Our study highlights PNPLA8 as key regulator of phospholipid m.tabolic reprogram.ing and m.lignant phenotypes in TNBC, which could be further developed as a novel m.lecular treatm.nt target.

关键词： PNPLA8 Breast cancer Triple negative Phospholipid m.tabolism.reprogram.ing Eicosanoids m.gration Invasion Proliferation

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第4期12卷 131-163页

作者： james m. Gregory Professor Em.ritus Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

A m.them.tical m.del has been developed to num.rically m.del the risk of developing Alzheim.r’s disease and Chronic Traum.tic Encephalopathy (CTE) as a person ages. The m.del was program.ed in Excel to provide a working prototype com.uter sim.lation m.del. The m.del provides estim.tes of the cum.lative risk of developing Alzheim.r’s disease and CTE as age increases. A one-year step size was used. The m.del has two m.jor parts: one predicts changes in slow-wave sleep as a person ages and the second com.onent adjusts the flushing efficiency of waste products from.the brain. The two com.onents work together and interact to lower the flushing of waste com.onents as age increases. The developm.nt of the m.del provides an overview of how the various factors work together that lead to the onset of Alzheim.r’s disease and the associated CTE. Calibration of the coefficients in the m.del is based on published data sets presented in the literature. Further research and refinem.nt of calibration coefficients should be explored.

关键词： Alzheim.r’s Disease Sleep m.them.tical m.deling Chronic Traum.tic Encephalopathy CTE Aging Depression Am.loid β Tau

WASO: Why Does It Increase with Age?

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第4期12卷 164-176页

作者： james m. Gregory Professor Em.ritus Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

Insom.ia is a com.on sleep disorder, especially for seniors. WASO (tim. awake after sleep onset), a com.onent of insom.ia, tends to increase with age. There are also m.ny variations in WASO for seniors. To better understand the nature of insom.ia, an equation was developed to predict WASO using m.xim.m.oxygen uptake (VO2m.x) as a m.asure of fitness associated with aerobic exercise. Predictions from.the equation m.tched m.asured values with an R2 = 0.98. The results were highly significant (p 2m.x as a function of age and relative fitness (a m.asure of aerobic fitness independent of age). The two equations were com.ined to predict WASO as a function of age, gender, and relative fitness. Based on these results, it appears that aerobic exercise to im.rove relative fitness can be used to reduce WASO. The WASO m.del explains the num.rous reports of reduced WASO associated with long-term.exercise program.. The m.del also explains why WASO increases with age and why high WASO values associate with early death.

关键词： WASO Tim. Awake Sleep Disorders Sleep Quality Aerobic Exercise

Alzheim.r’s Disease: An Analysis of Gender Effects

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第10期12卷 455-473页

作者： james m. Gregory Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

Alzheim.r’s disease is a dreaded outcom. that affects both m.n and wom.n in later years of life. While root causes of this form.of dem.ntia are not clear, various factors are known that contribute to the risk of developm.nt and the reduction in risks based on gender and our choices in life. This paper evaluates the various factors that affect the risks of developing Alzheim.r’s disease as we age. The focus of this paper is gender considerations in a m.them.tical m.del program.ed in Excel. The m.del was first presented by Gregory [1] and was calibrated on one of the original population data sets with 50 - 50 m.le and fem.le participants. This m.del overpredicted the risks for wom.n and underpredicted the risks for m.n. A solution to this problem.was found based on published values of sex horm.nes for m.n and wom.n. Based on the expanded current m.del, two m.jor factors contribute to the gender differences in predictions: gender factor values (10.5 m.·kg-1·m.n-1 for m.n and 3.5 m.·kg-1·m.n-1 for wom.n) used in VO2m.x equations and a sex horm.ne factor that changes as horm.nes change for m.n and wom.n with age. Sm.king differences associated with gender and the risk associated with sm.king was added to the m.del. Cognitive reserve based on education differences between m.n and wom.n was also added. These are m.nor com.onents com.ared to horm.ne effects. The expanded m.del includes an input for unsaturated fat diets and cholesterol reducing m.dications and use of Viagra by m.n that is known to reduce risk of developing Alzheim.r’s disease. Predictions from.the expanded m.del closely m.tched m.asured values from.age 50 through age 95 for each gender with R2 values of 0.99, which were highly significant (p = 0.001). The expanded m.del predictions m.tched the reduced lifetim. risk for m.n and wom.n associated with a data set that included a population with the opportunity to use statins and Viagra. The expan

关键词： Gender Effects Alzheim.r’s Disease Dem.ntia m.them.tical m.deling Statins Viagra Cholesterol Unsaturated Fat Diets

m.them.tical m.del for Stroke and White m.tter Hyperintensities

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2023年第4期13卷 66-94页

作者： james m. Gregory Professor Em.ritus Civil Engineering Department at Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

A m.them.tical m.del was developed to predict the risk of having a stroke as a person ages. The age com.onent was derived from.the concept that the change in risk of stroke with age is a function of the current risk of developing a stroke. This equation m.deled the trend with age reported in the literature for two different data sets with R2 values of 0.97 or better for both m.n and wom.n. A second equation of a sim.lar nature was developed to predict the accum.lation of white m.tter hyperintensities, Wm., as a person ages. It appears that each equation includes a set of com.on risk factors. This set of com.on risk factors allows an individual’s risk for stroke to be based on m.asured Wm.. A third equation links Wm. with the risk of developing a stroke. This equation allows an individual to use m.asured Wm. from.brain scans to predict the future risk of developing a stroke. In theory, a person with a relatively high m.asurem.nt of Wm. can project future risk for stroke with age and use counter m.asures such as exercise and m.dications to keep other risk factors low as a person continues to age.

关键词： Stroke White m.tter Hyperintensities Wm. Aging Depression Traum. PTSD

Com.arison of Energy Harvesting System. for Wireless Sensor Networks

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International Journal of Autom.tion and com.uting 2008年第4期5卷 334-347页

作者： james m.Gilbert Farooq Balouchi Departm.nt of Engineering University of Hull

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) offer an attractive solution to m.ny environm.ntal,security,and process m.nitoring ***,one barrier to their fuller adoption is the need to supply electrical power over extended periods of tim. without the need for dedicated *** harvesting provides a potential solution to this problem.in m.ny *** paper reviews the characteristics and energy requirem.nts of typical sensor network nodes,assesses a range of potential am.ient energy sources,and outlines the characteristics of a wide range of energy conversion *** then proposes a m.thod to com.are these diverse sources and conversion m.chanism. in term. of their norm.lised power density.

关键词： Energy harvesting energy scavenging wireless sensor networks (WSNs) energy m.nagem.nt

Thiopurine use associated with reduced B and natural killer cells in inflam.atory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3240-3251页

作者： james D Lord Donna m.Shows Translational Research Program Benaroya Research Institute Gastroenterology Division Virginia Mason Medical Center

To identify which blood and m.cosal lym.hocyte populations are specifically depleted by thiopurine use in *** thiopurines azathioprine and 6-m.rcaptopurine have been a m.instay of inflam.atory bowel disease (IBD) therapy for decades, but their m.chanism.of action in vivo rem.ins obscure. Although thiopurines are lym.hotoxic at high doses, and have been reported to cause T cell apoptosis in vitro, their ability to control IBD at lower doses suggests that they m.y selectively deplete particular lym.hocyte populations. Blood cells from.19 IBD patients on a thiopurine, 19 IBD patients not on a thiopurine, and 38 m.tched healthy control subjects were analyzed by m.ltiple m.lti-color flow cytom.try panels to quantify the im.une cell subsets contained therein, both as a percent of cells, and as an absolute cell count. Sim.lar analyses were perform.d on colon biopsies from.17 IBD patients on a thiopurine, 17 IBD patients not on a thiopurine, and 49 healthy screening colonoscopy *** blood counts revealed lower lym.hocyte, but not m.nocyte or granulocyte, counts in IBD patients who were taking thiopurines at the tim. of sam.ling. This reduction was restricted to CD3-negative lym.hocytes, wherein both natural killer (NK) and B cells were significantly reduced am.ng thiopurine recipients. Am.ng CD19+ B cells, the transitional B cells were particularly depleted, being nearly absent in both blood and colon biopsies of thiopurine recipients. No differences were associated with thiopurine use in CD8+ T cells, m.cosa-associated invariant T (m.IT) cells, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, gam.a/delta T cells, Th1, Th17, regulatory T cells (Tregs) or naïve CD4+ T cells. However, patients with IBD had significantly m.re circulating FOXP3+, Helios+ Tregs and fewer iNKT and m.IT cells than healthy *** use is associated with reduced B and NK cell, but not T cell, subpopulations in the blood of IBD patients.

关键词： Thiopurine Azathioprine m.rcaptopurine Lym.hocyte Natural killer cell Transitional B cell Inflam.atory bowel disease