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Total pancreatectomy with islet cell transplantation vs intrathecal narcotic pump infusion for pain control in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4160-4167页

作者： Mohamad Mokadem lama Noureddine Thomas Howard lee Mc Henry Stuart Sherman Evan l Fogel james l watkins Glen A lehman Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Community Health Network Indianapolis IN 46219 United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis IN 46202 United States

AIM: To evaluate pain control in chronic pancreatitis patients who underwent total pancreatectomy with islet cell transplantation or intrathecal narcotic pump ***: We recognized 13 patients who underwent intrathecal narcotic pump(ITNP) infusion and 57 patients who underwent total pancreatectomy with autologous islet cell transplantation(TP + ICT) for chronic pancreatitis(CP) pain control between 1998 and 2008 at Indiana University Hospital. All patients had already failed multiple other modalities for pain control and the decision to proceed with either intervention was made at the discretion of the patients and their treating physicians. All patients were evaluated retrospectively using a questionnaire inquiring about their pain control(using a 0-10 pain scale), daily narcotic dose usage, and hospital admission days for pain control before each intervention and during their last follow-up. RESUlTS: All 13 ITNP patients and 30 available TP + ICT patients were evaluated. The mean age was approximately 40 years in both groups. The median duration of pain before intervention was 6 years and 7 years in the ITNP and TP + ICT groups, respectively. The median pain score dropped from 8 to 2.5(on a scale of 0-10) in both groups on their last follow up. The median daily dose of narcotics also decreased from 393 mg equivalent of morphine sulfate to 8 mg in the ITNP group and from 300 mg to 40 mg in the TP + ICT group. No patient had diabetes mellitus(DM) before either procedure whereas 85% of those who underwent pancreatectomy were insulin dependent on their last evaluation despite ICT. CONClUSION: ITNP and TP + ICT are comparable for pain control in patients with CP however with high incidence of DM among those who underwent TP + ICT. Prospective comparative studies and longer follow up are needed to better define treatment outcomes.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Intractable pain Total pancreatectomy Islet cell transplantation Intrathecal narcotic pump infusion

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl james Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Understanding development and ripening of fruit crops in an‘omics’ era

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 157-166页

作者： Nigel E Gapper james J Giovannoni Christopher B watkins Department of Horticulture Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant Soiland Nutrition LaboratoryUS Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research ServiceIthacaNY 14853USA

Next generation sequencing has revolutionized plant *** only has our understanding of plant metabolism advanced using model systems and modern chromatography,but application of‘omics’-based technology has been widely extended to non-model systems as costs have plummeted and efficiency *** a result,important fundamental questions relating to important horticultural crops are being answered,and novel approaches with application to industry are in *** we review recent research advances on development and ripening of fruit crops,how next generation sequencing approaches are driving this advance and the emerging future landscape.

关键词： crops driving metabolism

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Watershed science:linking hydrological science with sustainable management of river basins

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第5期64卷 677-690页

作者： Chansheng HE l.Allan james Department of Geography Western Michigan UniversityKalamazooM149008USA Center for Dryland Water Resources Research and Watershed Science Key Laboratory of West China’s Environmental System(Ministry of Education)College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Geography University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Over the past decades,a number of water sciences and management programs have been developed to better understand and manage the water cycles at multiple temporal and spatial scales for various purposes,such as ecohydrology,global hydrology,sociohydrology,supply management,demand management,and integrated water resources management(IWRM).At the same time,rapid advancements have also been taking place in tracing,mapping,remote sensing,machine learning,and modelling technologies in hydrological *** those programs and advancements,a water crisis is intensifying *** missing link is effective interactions between the hydrological research and water resource management to support implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)at multiple spatial *** the watershed is the natural unit for water resources management,watershed science offers the potential to bridge this missing *** study first reviews the advances in hydrological research and water resources management,and then discusses issues and challenges facing the global water ***,it describes the core components of watershed science:(1)hydrological analysis;(2)water-operation policies;(3)governance;(4)management and *** framework takes into account water availability,water uses,and water quality;explicitly focuses on the storage,fluxes,and quality of the hydrological cycle;defines appropriate local water resource thresholds through incorporating the planetary boundary framework;and identifies specific actionable measures for water resources *** provides a complementary approach to the existing water management programs in addressing the current global water crisis and achieving the UN SDGs.

关键词： Water crisis Hydrology Watershed science Integrated water resources management(IWRM)

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Study of wind towers with different funnels attached to in crease natural ventilation in an underground building

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第4期9卷 925-939页

作者： C.A.Varela-Boydo S.l.Moya R.watkins Tecnologico Nocional de Mexico Centro Nacional de Investisacion y Desorrollo TecnoldsicoInterior Internado Palmira s/nColonia PalmiraCuernavaca62490 MorelosMexico Kent School of Architecture&Planning University of KentUK

Finding ways to cool buildings by natural,passive techniques is crucial in the context of global *** centuries,wind towers(traditi onal win dcatchers)have been used in the Middle East for cooling *** this study,the use of funnels at the openings of wind towers for wind ingress and egress is proposed primarily to increase the mass flow captured by the wind *** use of funnels in the wind in gress openings in creases the inlet area,improving the capture of *** parallel,the use of funnels in the egress openings modifies the wake of the tower,which aims to ease the exit of the flow from inside the *** design configurations are presented,where the length and width of the funnels are changed and tested separately by computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Results of over 120 CFD simulations are presented and *** volumetric flow entering the wind towers in creases by 10.7% in several *** results in dicate that adding funnels to wind towers could positively in fluence their *** the dimensions of the funnels affects their efficacy and can increase or decrease the airflow entering the tower.

关键词： Wind towers Passive cooling Natural ventilation Funnels CFD Wind catchers

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Abiotic and biotic constituents of oil sands process-affected waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 169-186页

作者： Nora A.S.Hussain james l.Stafford Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2N8Canada

The oil sands in Northern Alberta are the largest oil sands in the world,providing an important economic resource for the Canadian energy *** extraction of petroleum in the oil sands begins with the addition of hot water to the bituminous sediment,generating oil sands process-affected water(OSPW),which is acutely toxic to *** of litres of OSPW are stored on oil sands mining leased sites in man-made reservoirs called tailings *** the volume of OSPW increases,concerns arise regarding the reclamation and eventual release of this water back into the *** is composed of a complex and heterogeneous mix of components that vary based on factors such as company extraction techniques,age of the water,location,and bitumen ore ***,the effective remediation of OSPW requires the consideration of abiotic and biotic constituents within it to understand short and long term effects of treatments *** review summarizes selected chemicals and organisms in these waters and their interactions to provide a holistic perspective on the physiochemical and microbial dynamics underpinning OSPW.

关键词： OSPW toxicants Reclamation Tailings ponds Remediation Microbial AOPs Bioremediation

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Immunotherapy and therapeutic vaccines in prostate cancer： an update on current strategies and clinical implications

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 364-371页

作者： B Harpreet Singh james l Gulley Medical Oncology Branch Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health 10 Center Drive Bethesda Maryland USA

In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a viable and attractive strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer. While there are multiple ways to target the immune system, therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been most successful in late-stage clinical trials. The landmark Food and Drug Administration approval of sipuleuceI-T for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer set the stage for ongoing phase III trials with the cancer vaccine PSA-TRICOM and the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab. A common feature of these immune-based therapies is the appearance of improved overall survival without short-term changes in disease progression. This class effect appears to be due to modulation of tumor growth rate kinetics, in which the activated immune system exerts constant immunologic pressure that slows net tumor growth. Emerging data suggest that the ideal population for clinical trials of cancer vaccines is patients with lower tumor volume and less aggressive disease. Combination strategies that combine immunotherapy with standard therapies have been shown to augment both immune response and clinical benefit.

关键词： androgen deprivation immunotherapy prostate cancer therapeutic cancer vaccines

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Profile of the breast cancer susceptibility marker rs4245739 identifies a role for miRNAs

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第4期14卷 387-395页

作者： Sumadi lukman Anwar Wahyu Wulaningsih Johnathan watkins PIlAR Research Network Cambridgeshire CB1 2JD UK Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Division of Hemato-Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia MRC Unit for lifelong Nealth and Ageing University College London London WCIB 5JU UK Institute of Molecular and Mathematical Biomedicine King's College London London SE1 1UL UK

Objective:To determine the influence of the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)rs4245739 on the binding and expression of micro RNAs and subsequent MDM4 expression and the correlation of these factors with clinical determinants of ER-negative breast ***:Find Tar and miRanda were used to detect the manner in which potential micro RNAs are affected by the SNP rs4245739-flanking *** sequencing data for ER-negative breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)were used to compare the expression of miR-184,miR-191,miR-193a,miR-378,and MDM4 in different rs4245739 ***:Comparison of ER-negative cancer patients with and without the expression of miR-191 as well as profile micro RNAs(miR-184,miR-191,miR-193a and miR-378 altogether)can differentiate the expression of MDM4 among different rs4245739 *** simple genotyping alone did not reveal significant clinical relationships,the combination of genotyping and micro RNA profiles was able to significantly differentiate individuals with larger tumor size and lower number of involved lymph nodes(Pllele).Conclusions:We present two novel methods to analyze SNPs within 3′UTRs that use:(i)a single miRNA marker expression and(ii)an expression profile of miRNAs predicted to bind to the SNP *** demonstrate that the application of these two methods,in particular the miRNA profile approach,permits detection of new molecular and clinical features related to the rs4245739 variant in ER-negative breast cancer.

关键词： Rs4245739 ER-negative breast cancer MDM4 microRNA clinical relevance

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Self-assembled polymer templates for nano-scale devices on Si wafer and roll-to-roll processing platforms

Self-assembled polymer templates for nano-scale devices on S...

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第五届中美化学工程学术会议

作者： james watkins University of Massachusetts USA

＜正＞The fabrication of nanotechnology enabled devices requires not only the creation and functionalization of well defined nanostructures,but also practical routes for the two and three dimensional integration of these structures with components and systems across multiple length *** for the use of self-assembled block copolymer templates to achieve these goals for sub-10 run elements using either Si wafer or roll to roll processing platforms will be discussed.

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New models for defining prostate cancer biology and patient prognosis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 119-120页

作者： james Brundage Benjamin l Maughan Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah2000 Circle of HopeSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Currently,the prognosis of patients with metastatic prostate cancer is most commonly defined by clinical factors including performance status,presence of visceral metastasis,lactate dehydrogenase level,opioid analgesic use,albumin level,presence of anemia,prostate-specific antigen level,and alkaline phosphatase level(i.e.,Halabi model).1 This model is most commonly used in the current prospective clinical trials ***,it is only an inference of the underlying biology and not a direct measurement of that biology.

关键词： prognosis clinical cancer

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