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Development of a valid and reliable seven emotions impairment questionnaire and assessment of its predictability for phlegm and blood stasis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第4期36卷 547-554页

作者： Byoung-Hee Lee Min-Yong Kim Young-Bae park Young-jae park Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University Seou102447 Korea Business School Kyung Hee UniversitySeou 102447 Korea Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea Department of Diag-nosis and Biofunctional Medicine Kyung Hee UniversityHospital at Gangdong Seoul 05278 Korea.

OBJECTIVE:To develop and validate a Seven Emotions Impairment questionnaire(SEIQ),to define an optimum cut-off point for the SEIQ,and to examine whether SEI was predictive of Phlegm and Blood Stasis(BS).METHODS:Two hundred outpatients and 75 college students were asked to complete the SEIQ,the Profile of Mood States(POMS),Phlegm Pattern Questionnaire(PPQ),and BS Questionnaire(BSQ).Twelve clinicians determined whether the outpatients exhibited *** data were used to examine the internal consistency and determine validity for the ***,POMS,PPQ,and BSQ data were used to examine concurrent validity and predictability of SEI for Phlegm and BS in the college *** SEIQ scores and the clinicians' diagnoses of the outpatients were considered to define an optimum cut-off score for the ***:The 18-item SEIQ had satisfactory internal consistency(α = 0.905) and concurrent *** the construct validity test,four factors(chest-anxiety,fatigue-depression,working-family-troubles,and sleep-memory) were *** the receiver operator characteristic curve curve analysis,the sensitivity,specificity,and area under the curve of the SEIQ were 67.2%,72.1%,and 73%,*** optimum cut-off score was defined as nine *** scores were strongly predictive of Phlegm and BS(β = 0.862 and 0.673,respectively).CONCLUSION:Based on our results,we concluded that the SEIQ is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating SEI,and is strongly predictive of Phlegm and BS.

关键词： Seven emotions Intermingled phlegm and blood-stasis Surveys and questionnaires Diagnosis Reference standards Mental health

A feasible route to produce 1.1 GPa ferritic-based low-Mn lightweight steels with ductility of 47%

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第22期117卷 225-237页

作者： Kwang Kyu Ko Hyo Ju Bae Eun Hye park Hyeon-Uk Jeong Hyoung Seok park jae Seok Jeong Jung Gi Kim Hyokyung Sung Nokeun park jae Bok Seol Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology Center for K-metalGyeongsang National University(GNU)Jinju 52828South Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongbuk 38541South Korea Materials Research Team R&D Hyundai MobisYongin 16891South Korea Materials Technology Development Team Doosan Heavy Industries&ConstructionChangwon 51711South Korea

High- and medium-Mn (H/M-Mn) base lightweight steels are a class of ultrastrong structural materials with high ductility compared to their low-Mn counterparts with low strength and poor ***, producing these H/M-Mn materials requires the advanced or high-tech manufacturing techniques, which can unavoidably provoke labor and cost concerns. Herein, we have developed a facilestrategy that circumvents the strength–ductility trade-off in low-Mn ferritic lightweight steels, by employing low-temperature tempering-induced partitioning (LTP). This LTP treatment affords a typical Fe-2.8Mn-5.7Al-0.3C (wt.%) steel with a heterogeneous size-distribution of metastable austenite embeddedin a ferrite matrix for partitioning more carbon into smaller austenite grains than into the larger austenite ones. This size-dependent partitioning results in slip plane spacing modification and lattice strain,which act through dislocation engineering. We ascribe the simultaneous improvement in strength andtotal elongation to both the size-dependent dislocation movement in austenite grains and the controlleddeformation-induced martensitic transformation. The low-carbon-partitioned large austenite grains increase the strength and ductility as a consequence of the combined martensitic transformation andhigh dislocation density-induced hardening and by interface strengthening. Additionally, high-carbonpartitioned small austenite grains enhance the strength and ductility by planar dislocation glide (inthe low strain regime) and by cross-slipping and delayed martensitic transformation (in the high strainregime). The concept of size-dependent dislocation engineering may provide different pathways for developing a wide range of heterogeneous-structured low-Mn lightweight steels, suggesting that LTP maybe desirable for broad industrial applications at an economic cost.

关键词： Low-Mn lightweight steel Carbon partitioning Metastable austenite Dislocation movement

Variability of the Dokdo Abyssal Current observed in the Ulleung Interplain Gap of the East/Japan Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第1期32卷 12-23页

作者： KIM Yun-Bae CHANG Kyung-Il park jae-Hun park Jong Jin East Sea Research Institute Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Research Institute of Oceanography School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Ocean Science Research Department Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Department of Oceanography Kyungpook National University

Subinertial fluctuation of a strong northward deep current, which is referred to the Dokdo Abyssal Current （DAC） by Chang et al. （2009）, is investigated from current records for about 16.5 and 8.0 months in the Ulle- ung Interplain Gap of the East/lapan Sea. The current below 300 m is bottom-intensified and has nearly depth-independent flow. Near bottom, the spectral peaks of the current were found near 10, 20, and 60 d. The DAC variability near 10 d and 20 d is reasonably consistent with the linear theory of topographic Rossby waves （TRWs） in the following aspects：（1） The motion is columnar and bottom-intensified; （2） the theo- retical cutoff frequency is similar to the observation; （3） The observation-based angles of the wavenumber vector are in good agreement with the theoretical ones. The wavelengths of the TRWs with periods of near 10 d and 20 d near Dokdo are significantly shorter than those with similar timescales in the open oceans （100-250 km）. It is primarily due to the weak stratification below 300 m in the East Sea. The deep cur- rent fluctuations with periods of near 10 d and 20 d were accompanied by warm events in the upper layer resulting from eddying processes and/or meandering of the Tsushima Warm Current.

关键词： East/Iapan Sea Ulleung Interplain Gap Deep currents Topographic Ressby waves

Improved thermal performance of a hydronic radiant panel heating system by the optimization of tube shapes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第6期12卷 428-437页

作者： Young T.CHAE Kwang Ho LEE jae Sung park School of Architecture University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Architectural Engineering Hanbat National University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

The thermal performance enhancement of the hydronic radiant floor heating system by tube shape refinements is investigated in this *** analytical and detailed numerical modelings are carried out to predict the performance of the radiant *** the simple analytical model briefly investigates the possibility of the effect of the tube shape improvement with the parametric analysis,the commercial computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code(Ansys/CFX) is used to perform the detailed 3D analysis under different tube shape *** fin thickness,the number of fins,and the tube thermal conductivity turn out to have significant effects on the radiant system *** potential energy saving impacts of the tube shape refinements are also *** tube shape improvement turns out to increase the floor surface temperature and to decrease the hot water temperature drop across the system,resulting in heating energy savings.

关键词： Radiant panel system Analytical modeling Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Tube shape Energy saving

Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Sm2O3 Doped CeO2 Reinforced Ti3AlC2 Nano Composite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第Z2期22卷 85-88页

作者： jae Ho Han Sang Whan park Young Do Kim Division of Materials Science & Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul133-791Korea Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyMulti-Functional Ceramics Research CenterSeoul136-791Korea Division of Materials Science & EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul133-791Korea

The fabrication process of Sm2O3 doped CeO2 reinforced Ti3AlC2 nano composites including the nano particle dispersion process by a hetero-coagulation process was developed using in-situ synthesis and densification process of Ti3AlC2. The effects of Sm2O2 doped CeO2 nano particles on mechanical properties of Ti3AlC2 were investigated. It was found that the presence of 20SDC nano particles in Ti3AlC2 was very effective to improve the mechanical properties of Ti3AlC2 without spoiling the unique characteristics of Ti3AlC2temary carbide.

关键词： nano ceramic composite Ti3AlC2 CeO2 fabrication rare earths

Reliability and validity of tongue color analysis in the prediction of symptom patterns in terms of East Asian Medicine

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第2期36卷 165-172页

作者： Young-jae park Jin-Moo Lee Seung-Yeon Yoo Young-Bae park Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 134-727Korea Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul 134-727Korea Department of Oriental Gynecology College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 134-727Korea Department of Women Health Clinic Kyung Hee University Hospital at GancldonaSeoul 134-727Knrpa

OBJECTIVE:To examine whether color parameters of tongue inspection(TI)using a digital camera was reliable and valid,and to examine which color parameters serve as predictors of symptom patterns in terms of East Asian medicine(EAM).METHODS:Two hundred female subjects'tongue substances were photographed by a mega-pixel digital *** with the photographs,the subjects were asked to complete Yin deficiency,Phlegm pattern,and Cold-Heat pattern *** three sets of digital imaging software,each digital image was exposure-and white balance-corrected,and finally L*(luminance),a*(red-green balance),and b*(yellow-blue balance)values of the tongues *** examine intra-and inter-rater reliabilities and criterion validity of the color analysis method,three raters were asked to calculate color parameters for 20 digital image ***,four hierarchical regression models were ***:Color parameters showed good or excellent reliability(0.627-0.887 for intra-class correlation coefficients)and significant criterion validity(0.523-0.718 for Spearman's correlation).In the hierarchical regression models,age was a significant predictor of Yin deficiency(β=0.192),and b*value of the tip of the tongue was a determinant predictor of Yin deficiency,Phlegm,and Heat patterns(β=-0.212,-0.172,and-0.163).Luminance(L*)was predictive of Yin deficiency(β=-0.172)and Cold(β=0.173)***:Our results suggest that color analysis of the tongue using the L*a*b*system is reliable and valid,and that color parameters partially serve as symptom pattern predictors in EAM practice.

关键词： Medicine East Asian Traditional Complementary therapies Tongue inspection Yin deficiency Symptom pattern

Cardiff acne disability index： cross-cultural translation in Korean and its relationship with clinical acne severity, pathological patterns, and general quality of life

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第5期37卷 702-709页

作者： Kyeong-Han Kim Sang-Chul Lee Young-Bae park Young-jae park Department of Human Informatics of Korean Medicine Interdisciplinary Programs Kyung Hee University Seoul02447 Korea Department of Business Administration Korea Christian University Seoul07661 Korea Department of Biofunctional Medicine and Diagnostics College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University Seoul02447 Korea Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul 05278 Korea

OBJECTIVE: To culturally translate the cardiff acne disability index(CADI) into Korean, and to examine its relationship with clinical acne severity,pathological patterns, and general quality of life(Qo L).METHODS: The CADI was culturally and lin-guistically translated into Korean via translation,back-translation, and face validity test process. Two hundred and fifty-four Korean adolescents were asked to complete the Korean version of the CADI(K-CADI), the Phlegm Pattern, the Cold-Heat Pattern, and the Korean version of the General Health Questionnaires. A clinician estimated acne severity for the adolescents, using the Korean Acne Grading System. Finally, reliability and validity of the K-CADI was examined, and the relationships between acne severity, Phlegm, Cold, and Heat patterns, and Qo L level were examined via pathway ***: The K-CADI had satisfactory internal consistency(α = 0.827). The examination of construct validity indicated that the K-CADI had one factor(explaining 59.6% of the total variance). Pathway analysis showed satisfactory model fit(normal fit index = 0.960 and comparative fit index = 0.983),and acne-related Qo L was determinant to Phlegm,Heat, and Cold patterns(0.13-0.27 of β), and Phlegm and Heat patterns lowered one's Qo L level(0.17-0.34 of β).CONCLUSION: The K-CADI is a valid and reliable instrument. Phlegm and Heat patterns should be managed when treating acne since they have a moderating effect on general Qo L aggravation.

关键词： Acne vulgaris Quality of life Medicine East Asian Traditional Psychology adolescent Causality Cardiff acne disability index

Room-temperature synthesis of ZrSnO4 nanoparticles for electron transport layer in efficient planar hetrojunction perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第7期42卷 38-45页

作者： Young Wook Noh In Su Jin Sang Hyun park jae Woong Jung Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information&Electronics Kyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroGiheung-guYongin-siGyeonggi-do 446-701Republic of Korea

The interface engineering plays a key role in controlled optoelectronic properties of perovskite photovoltaic devices,and thus the electron transport layer(ETL)material with tailored optoelectronic properties remains a challenge for achieving high photovoltaic performance of planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,the fine and crystalline zirconium stanate(ZrSnO4)nanoparticles(NPs)was synthesized at low temperature,and its optoelectronic properties are systematically *** from the favorable electronic structure of ZrSnO4 NPs for applications in ETL,efficient electron transport and extraction with suppre s sed charge recombination are achieved at the interface of perovskite *** a result,the optimized ZrSnO4 NPs synthesized at room-temperature deliver the optimized power conversion efficiency up to 16.76%with acceptable *** work opens up a new class of ternary metal oxide for the use in ETL of the planar PSCs and should pave the way toward designing new interfacial materials for practical optoelectronic devices.

关键词： ZrSnO4 Electron transport layer Nanoparticles Perovskite solar cells

The Effect of Fabrication Conditions for GDC Buffer Layer on Electrochemical Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第3期5卷 151-158页

作者： Jung-Hoon Song myung Geun Jung Hye Won park Hyung-Tae Lim Fuel Cell Project Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST) School of Nano & Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National University

A Gd-doped ceria（GDC） buffer layer is required between a conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） electrolyte and a La-Sr-Co-Fe-O3（LSCF） cathode to prevent their chemical reaction. In this study,the effect of varying the conditions for fabricating the GDC buffer layer, such as sintering temperature and amount of sintering aid, on the solid oxide fuel cell（SOFC） performance was investigated. A finer GDC powder（i.e., ultra-high surface area）, a higher sintering temperature（1290℃）, and a larger amount of sintering aid（12%） resulted in improved densification of the buffer layer; however, the electrochemical performance of an anode-supported cell containing this GDC buffer layer was poor. These conflicting results are attributed to the formation of（Zr, Ce）O2 and/or excess cobalt grain boundaries（GBs） at higher sintering temperatures with a large amount of sintering aid（i.e., cobalt oxide）. A cell comprising of a cobalt-free GDC buffer layer, which was fabricated using a low-temperature process, had lower cell resistance and higher stability. The results indicate that electrochemical performance and stability of SOFCs strongly depend on fabrication conditions for the GDC buffer layer.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) Gd-doped ceria Sintering aid Sol-gel spin coating