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The effect of fire disturbance on short-term soil respiration in typical forest of Greater Xing'an Range, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 613-620页

作者： Long Sun Tongxin Hu Ji Hong kim Futao Guo Hong Song Xinshuang Lv Haiqing Hu College of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Department of Forest Management Kangwon National University College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

We investigated the effect of fire disturbance on short-term soil respiration in birch （Betula platyphylla Suk.） and larch （Larix gmelinii Rupr.） forests in Greater Xing’an range, northeastern China for further understanding of its effect on the carbon cycle in ecosystems. Our study show that post-fire soil respiration rates in B. platyphylla and L. gmelinii forests were reduced by 14%and 10%, respectively. In contrast, the soil heterotrophic respiration rates in the two types of forest were similar in post-fire and control plots. After fire, the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration was dramatically reduced. Variation in soil respiration rates was explained by soil moisture （W） and soil tem-perature （T） at a depth of 5 cm. Exponential regression fitted T and W models explained Rs rates in B. platyphylla control and post-fire plots （83.1% and 86.2%） and L. gmelinii control and post-fire plots （83.7%and 88.7%）. In addition, the short-term temperature coefficients in B.

关键词： fire disturbance short-term soil respiration environmentfactors Q10

Trends of Noninvasive Radiofrequency and Minimally Invasive Treatment for the Management of Facial Aging

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2019年第1期9卷 30-40页

作者： Sunghee kim Moonjong kim Bundang Dongan Anti-Aging Clinic Seongnam Republic of Korea Department of Family Medicine at CHA Bundang Medical Center of CHA University Seongnam Republic of Korea

Various treatments for the management of facial aging have been performed among which noninvasive radio-frequency (RF;i.e., thermage) treatment and minimally invasive treatments are on the rise. The purpose of this study was to analyze trends of the treatment of facial aging in Korea and to investigate relationships between the use of noninvasive RF and minimally invasive treatments. A retrospective analysis conducted on data from 4021 patients showed that thermage treatment increased by 134.9% over 5 years. As a person ages, the rate of facial treatment with both the botulinum toxin (for the masseter and lines of the glabella, lateral canthus, and forehead) and the PDO thread lift increases. The use of the treatments, nasolabial fold filler and Silhouette Soft Thread, however, was not associated with aging. The patients receiving thermage treatment were less likely to undergo any of the other treatments including PDO thread lift, Silhouette Soft Thread, nasolabial fold filler, or any of the botulinum toxin treatments. Overall, the results showed that patients who had received noninvasive RF tended to receive less minimally invasive treatment.

关键词： Facial Aging Noninvasive Treatment Radio-Frequency Thermage Minimally Invasive Treatment

Influence of volcanic activity on vegetation succession and growth environment on the hillslope of Sakurajima Volcano in southern Kyushu,Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 309-317页

作者： Yukiyoshi Teramoto Etsuro Shimokawa Tsugio Ezaki Kun-Woo Chun Suk-Woo kim Youn-Tae Lee Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima 890-0065Japan Faculty of Agriculture Ehime UniversityMatsuyama 790-8566Japan Division of Forest Science Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea Department of Forestry and Environmental Systems Graduate SchoolKangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea

This study was conducted in order to examine the influence of long-term volcanic activity on vegetative succession and growth on the slope of Sakurajima in southern Kyushu, Japan. We investigated the vegetation,depth of the volcanic ash layer, and dry density and p H of the surface soil at six places on the north-northwestern slope, 2.3–3.4 km from the Minami-dake crater, where a layer of pumice stone was deposited by the Taisho eruption in 1914. The height and diameter at breast height（DBH） of the trees increased with increasing distance from the Minami-dake crater, as did the number of individuals and species, and basal area. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index（H＇） demonstrates that vegetative succession is significantly affected by distance from the Minami-dake crater, as areas farther from the crater exhibited later seral stages. Comparison of the diversity index and species number of the crater region with that of the climax forest in Kagoshima indicates that vegetative growth alone cannot advance succession in the study area, as the local vegetative community is heavily influenced by the harsh environmental conditions associated with continual exposure to long-term volcanic activity. Seral stage, ash layer depth,dry density, and p H of the soil surface layer are governed by distance from the Minami-dake crater. The results of this study indicate that conditions for vegetative growth and succession improve with increasing distance from the source of constant volcanic activity. Thus, soil development is promoted by the acidification of the soil, which decreases the dry density and p H of the soil surface *** introduction of plant species resistant to volcanic ash and gas is recommended to promote soil development and improve the infiltration capacity of the soil.

关键词： volcanic succession vegetation vegetative northwestern eruption basal leaved gentle harsh

Expression and Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Human Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons with Special Focus on Nav1.7,Species Differences, and Regulation by Paclitaxel

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 4-12页

作者： Wonseok Chang Temugin Berta Yong Ho kim Sanghoon Lee Seok-Yong Lee Ru-Rong Ji Department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics College of Medicine Eulji University Daejeon Korea Pain Research Center Department of Anesthesiology University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati OH 45267 USA D epartment of Physiology College of Medicine Gachon University Incheon Korea Department of Biochemistry Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA Department of Neurobiology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA

Voltage-gated sodium channels （Navs） play an important role in human pain sensation. However, the expression and role of Nav subtypes in native human sensory neurons are unclear. To address this issue, we obtained human dorsal root ganglion （hDRG） tissues from healthy donors. PCR analysis of seven DRG-expressed Nav subtypes revealed that the hDRG has higher expression of Navl.7 （,-~ 50% of total Nav expression） and lower expres- sion of Navl.8 （~ 12%）, whereas the mouse DRG has higher expression of Nav 1.8 （- 45%） and lower expression of Navl.7 （- 18%）. To mimic Nav regulation in chronic pain, we treated hDRG neurons in primary cultures with paclitaxel （0.1-1 μmol/L） for 24 h. Paclitaxel increased the Navl.7 but not Navl.8 expression and also increased the transient Na＋ currents and action potential firing frequency in small-diameter （〈50 ~tm） hDRG neurons. Thus, the hDRG provides a translational model in which to study ＂human pain in a dish＂ and test new pain therapeutics.

关键词： Dorsal root ganglion Neuropathic pain Paclitaxel Voltage-gated sodium channels

Multiscale Image Dehazing and Restoration:An Application for Visual Surveillance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1-17页

作者： Samia Riaz Muhammad Waqas Anwar Irfan Riaz Hyun-Woo kim Yunyoung Nam Muhammad Attique Khan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah Campus47040Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahorePakistan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsanKorea Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaTaxila47080Pakistan

The captured outdoor images and videos may appear blurred due to haze,fog,and bad weather *** droplets or dust particles in the atmosphere cause the light to scatter,resulting in very limited scene discernibility and deterioration in the quality of the image ***,image dehazing has gainedmuch popularity because of its usability in a wide variety of *** algorithms have been proposed to solve this ill-posed *** algorithms provide quite promising results in some cases,but they include undesirable artifacts and noise in haze patches in adverse *** of these techniques take unrealistic processing time for high image *** this paper,to achieve real-time halo-free dehazing,fast and effective single image dehazing we propose a simple but effective image restoration technique using multiple *** will improve the shortcomings of DCP and improve its speed and efficiency for high-resolution images.A coarse transmissionmap is estimated by using the minimumof different size *** a cascaded fast guided filter is used to refine the transmission *** introduce an efficient scaling technique for transmission map estimation,which gives an advantage of very low-performance degradation for a highresolution *** performance evaluation,quantitative,qualitative and computational time comparisons have been performed,which provide quiet faithful results in speed,quality,and reliability of handling bright surfaces.

关键词： Dehaze defog pixel minimum patch minimum edge preservation

Temporal and Spatial Requirement of EMF1 Activity for Arabidopsis Vegetative and Reproductive Development

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 643-653页

作者： Rosario Sanchez Minjung Y. kim Myriam Calonje Yong-Hwan Moon Z. Renee Sung Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Present address: Heidelberg Institute for Plant Science Biodiversity and Plant Systematics Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany Present address: Department of Molecular Biology Pusan National University 30 Jangjeon-dong Geumjeong-gu Busan 609-735 Korea

EMBRYONIC FLOWER （EMF） genes are required to maintain vegetative development via repression of flower homeotic genes in Arabidopsis. Removal of EMF gene function caused plants to flower upon germination, producing abnormal and sterile flowers. The pleiotropic effect of ernfl mutation suggests its requirement for gene programs involved in diverse developmental processes. Transgenic plants harboring EMF1 promoter：：glucuronidase （GUS） reporter gene were generated to investigate the temporal and spatial expression pattern of EMF1. These plants displayed differential GUS activity in vegetative and flower tissues, consistent with the role of EMF1 in regulating multiple gene programs. EMFI：：GUS expression pattern in emf mutants suggests organ-specific auto-regulation. Sense- and antisense （as） EMF1 cDNA were expressed under the control of stage- and tissue-specific promoters in transgenic plants. Characterization of these transgenic plants showed that EMF1 activity is required in meristematic as well as differentiating tissues to rescue emf mutant phenotype. Temporal removal or reduction of EMF1 activity in the embryo or shoot apex of wild-type seedlings was sufficient to cause early flowering and terminal flower formation in adult plants. Such reproductive cell memory is reflected in the flower MADS-box gene activity expressed prior to flowering in these early flowering plants. However, temporal removal of EMF1 activity in flower meristem did not affect flower development. Our results are consistent with EMF1＇s primary role in repressing flowering in order to allow for vegetative growth.

关键词： EMF1 stage-specific promoter early flowering reproductive cell memory vegetative/reproductive development repression of flower MADS-box genes.

Malware Detection in Android IoT Systems Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4399-4415页

作者： Muhammad Waqar Sabeeh Fareed Ajung kim Saif Ur Rehman Malik Muhammad Imran Muhammad Usman Yaseen Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Optical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul143747Korea Cybernetica AS Tallinn12618Estonia

The Android Operating System(AOS)has been evolving since its inception and it has become one of the most widely used operating system for the Internet of Things(IoT).Due to the high popularity and reliability ofAOS for IoT,it is a target of many cyber-attacks which can cause compromise of privacy,financial loss,data integrity,unauthorized access,denial of services and so *** Android-based IoT(AIoT)devices are extremely vulnerable to various malwares due to the open nature and high acceptance of Android in the ***,several detection preventive malwares are developed to conceal their malicious activities from analysis ***,conventional malware detection techniques could not be applied and innovative countermeasures against such anti-detection malwares are indispensable to secure the *** this paper,we proposed the novel deep learning-based real-time multiclass malware detection techniques for the AIoT using dynamic *** results show that the proposed technique outperforms existing malware detection techniques and achieves detection accuracy up to 99.87%.

关键词： Android cyber security deep learning internet of things malware detection

Microglia as hackers of the matrix:sculpting synapses and the extracellular space

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第11期18卷 2472-2488页

作者： Joshua D.Crapser Miguel A.Arreola Kate I.Tsourmas kim N.Green Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA

Microglia shape the synaptic environment in health and disease,but synapses do not exist in a ***,pre-and postsynaptic terminals are surrounded by extracellular matrix(ECM),which together with glia comprise the four elements of the contemporary tetrapartite synapse *** research in this area is still just beginning,accumulating evidence points toward a novel role for microglia in regulating the ECM during normal brain homeostasis,and such processes may,in turn,become dysfunctional in *** it relates to synapses,microglia are reported to modify the perisynaptic matrix,which is the diffuse matrix that surrounds dendritic and axonal terminals,as well as perineuronal nets(PNNs),specialized reticular formations of compact ECM that enwrap neuronal subsets and stabilize proximal *** interconnected relationship between synapses and the ECM in which they are embedded suggests that alterations in one structure necessarily affect the dynamics of the other,and microglia may need to sculpt the matrix to modify the synapses ***,we provide an overview of the microglial regulation of synapses,perisynaptic matrix,and PNNs,propose candidate mechanisms by which these structures may be modified,and present the implications of such modifications in normal brain homeostasis and in disease.

关键词： Neuroscience Perineuronal nets Microglia Extracellular matrix Neuroinflammation

Taraxacum offlcinale protects against cholecystokinin-induced acute pancreatitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第4期11卷 597-599页

作者： Sang-Wan Seo Hyun-Na Koo Hyo-Jin An Kang-Beom Kwon Byung-Cheal Lim Eun-A Seo Do-Gon Ryu Goo Moon Hong-Yeoul kim Hyung-Min kim Seung-Heon Hong Department of Pharmacology College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul South Korea Department of Oriental PharmacyCollege of PharmacyWonkwang University Iksan Jeonbuk South Korea Department of Pharmacology College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea Department of Pharmacology College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea Department of Oriental PharmacyCollege of Pharmacy Wonkwang University Iksan Jeonbuk South Korea School of Oriental Medicine Wonkwang University IksanJeonbukSouth Korea Department of Food and Nutrition School of Human Environmental Science Wonkwang UniversityJeonbukSouth Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee University SeoulSouth Korea Department of Pharmacology College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Oriental Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Wonkwang UniversityIksanJeonbukSouth Korea

AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis in ***: TO at 10 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 75 μg/kg CCK octapeptide injected subcutaneously three times after 1, 3 and 5 h. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 d. We determined the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, the levels of pancreatic HSP60 and HSP72, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Repeated CCK octapeptide treatment resulted in typical laboratory and morphological changes of experimentally-induced ***: TO significantly decreased the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio in CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis. TO also increased the pancreatic levels of HSP60 and HSP72. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in the animals treated with ***: TO may have a protective effect against CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Taraxacum officinale CCK octapeptide