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An assessment of African lion Panthera leo sociality via social network analysis： prerelease monitoring for an ex situ reintroduction program

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 301-311页

作者： Emma J. DUNSTON Jackie ABEL Rebecca E. DOYLE jacqui kirk Victoria B. HILLEY Andrew FORSYTH Emma JENKINS Rafael FREIRE School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia Social and Conservation Psycology Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB UK African Lion & Environmental Research Trust Melrose Farm Livingstone 23345 Zambia Animal Welfare Science Centre The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia African Lion & Environmental Research Trust Antelope Park Gweru Midlands Zimbabwe Siyafunda The Greater Makalali Private Game Reserve Harmony 27 Hoedspruit 0895 South Africa

The wild population of the African lion Panthera leo continues to decline, requiring alternate conservation programs to be considered. One such program is ex situ reintroduction. Prior to release, longterm monitoring and assessment of behavior is required to determine whether prides and coalitions behave naturally and are sufficiently adapted to a wild environment. Social network analysis （SNA） can be used to provide insight into how the pride as a whole and individuals within it, function. Our study was conducted upon 2 captive-origin prides who are part of an ex situ reintroduction program, and 1 wild pride of African lion. Social interactions were collected at all occurrence for each pride and categorized into greet, social grooming, play, and aggression. Betweenness centrality showed that offspring in each pride were central to the play network, whereas degree indicated that adults received （indegree） the greatest number of overall social interactions, and the adult males of each pride were least likely to initiate （outdegree） any interactions. Through the assessment of individual centrality and degree values, a social keystone adult female was identified for each pride. Social network results indicated that the 2 captive-origin prides had formed cohesive social units and possessed relationships and behaviors comparable with the wild pride for the studied behaviors. This study provided the first SNA comparison between captive-bred origin and a wild pride of lions, providing valuable information on individual and pride sociality, critical for determining the success of prides within an ex situ reintroduction program.

关键词： African lion Panthera leo conservation ex situ reintroduction social interactions.

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