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The Dynamics of the Nucleation, Growth and Termination of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes from in situ Raman Spectroscopy During Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 783-792页

作者： Paul Finnie Andrew Li-Pook-Than jacques lefebvre Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council CanadaBuilding M-501200 Montreal RoadOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada Department of Physics University of Ottawa150 Louis PasteurOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

The dynamics of the chemical vapor deposition(CVD)of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)is extracted experimentally using in situ Raman *** are grown using a thinlm cobalt catalyst and an ethanol precursor in a miniature hot walled reactor with optical *** spectra at room temperature and at the growth temperature are compared for two growth *** evolution of the G-band,D-band,and radial breathing mode(RBM)is tracked at the growth temperature with time resolution of a few *** are three identifiable phases in the evolution of the Raman signal intensity:an initial exponential increasing phase,a linear growth phase,and a saturation *** situ optical spectroscopy thus enables the study of nucleation,steady growth,and deactivation processes to be investigated separately in real *** evolution curves for all bands(G,D,and RBM),when scaled,collapse onto the same curve,to within experimental uncertainty.

关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotube chemical vapor deposition Raman spectroscopy nucleation termination

Raman microscopy mapping for the purity assessment of chirality enriched carbon nanotube networks in thin- film transistors

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Nano Research 2015年第7期8卷 2179-2187页

作者： Zhao Li Jianfu Ding Paul Finnie jacques lefebvre Fuyong Cheng ChristopherT. Kingston Patrick R. L. Malenfant Security and Disruptive Technologies Portfolio National Research Council Canada 1200 Montreal Road Ottawa Ontario K1A OR6 Canada

With recent improvements in carbon nanotube separation methods, the accurate determination of residual metallic carbon nanotubes in a purified nanotube sample is important, particularly for those interested in using semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） in electronic device applications such as thin-film transistors （TFTs）. This work demonstrates that Raman microscopy mapping is a powerful characterization tool for quantifying residual metallic carbon nanotubes present in highly enriched semiconducting nanotube networks. Raman mapping correlates well with absorption spectroscopy, yet it provides greater differentiation in purity. Electrical data from TFTs with channel lengths of 2.5 and 5μ m demonstrate the utility of the method. By comparing samples with nominal purities of 99.0% and 99.8%, a clear differentiation can be made when evaluating the current on/off ratio as a function of channel length, and thus the Raman mapping method provides a means to guide device fabrication by correlating SWCNT network density and purity with TFT channel scaling.

关键词： raman spectroscopy carbon nanotubes thin film transistors microscopy mapping purity assessment

Two hits are better than one:rational dual strategy efficiently fights neuroblastoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1802-1804页

作者： jacques Zimmer Camille Rolin Markus Ollert Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of HealthEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg University of Luxembourg Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis(ORCA)University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The recently published landmark paper by Bergaggio et *** Roberto Chiarle’s group in Cancer Cell1 investigates an elegant double-hit strategy to improve anti-cancer *** important approach demonstrates in a preclinical model that chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell treatment can be rendered more efficient by increasing the cell surface expression of the CAR target structure via a small molecule.

关键词： neuroblastoma Cancer

Ebola virus disease model with a nonlinear incidence rate and density-dependent treatment

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 775-804页

作者： jacques NdéKengne Calvin Tadmon Committed Mathematics Team Research Unit in Mathematics and ApplicationsDepartment of Mathematics and Computer ScienceUniversity of DschangP.O.Box 67 DschangCameroon Institute of Mathematics University of MainzStaudingerweg 955128MainzGermany

This paper studies an Ebola epidemic model with an exponential nonlinear incidence function that considers the efficacy and the behaviour *** current model also incorporates a new density-dependent treatment that catches the impact of the disease transmission on the ***,we provide a theoretical study of the nonlinear differential equations model *** precisely,we derive the effective reproduction number and,under suitable conditions,prove the stability of ***,we show that the model exhibits the phenomenon of backward-bifurcation whenever the bifurcation parameter and the reproduction number are less than *** find that the bi-stability and backward-bifurcation are not automatically connected in epidemic *** fact,when a backward-bifurcation occurs,the disease-free equilibrium may be globally ***,we use well-known standard tools to fit the model to the data reported for the 2018–2020 Kivu Ebola outbreak,and perform the sensitivity *** control Ebola epidemics,our findings recommend a combination of a rapid behaviour change and the implementation of a proper treatment strategy with a high level of ***,we propose and analyze a fractional-order Ebola epidemic model,which is an extension of the first model *** use the Caputo operator and construct the Grünwald-Letnikov nonstandard finite difference scheme,and show its advantages.

关键词： Ebola epidemic models Stability Bifurcation Density-dependent treatment Sensitivity analysis Fractional differential equations Caputo fractional derivative Grünwald-letnikov nonstandard finite difference scheme

Intermittent fasting-a double edged sword for atherosclerosis

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Life Metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 9-11页

作者： jacques Togo Hoon-Ki Sung Translational Medicine Program The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A8Canada

The impact of alternate-day fasting(ADF)on atherosclerosis remains poorly understood,particularly in high-risk popula*** a recent paper published in Life Metabolism,Deng et *** that ADF exacerbated both early and advanced atherosclerotic lesion development in Apoe^(-/-)mice through suppression of hepatic activating transcription factor 3(ATF3)and consequent dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism.

关键词： fasting atherosclerosis

Application of in-situ characterization techniques in modern aqueous batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3553-3575页

作者： Jia-Hao Wu Hong-Wei Cai Zhao-Hui Deng Jean-jacques Gaumet Yu Bao Wen Luo Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Laboratoire de Chimie Et Physique:Approche Multi-Echelles Des Milieux Complexes(LCP-A2MC)Institut Jean BarriolUniversitéde Lorraine57070MetzFrance Department of Medicinal Chemistry Hubei College of Chinese MedicineJingzhou 434020China

The development of high-performance aqueous batteries calls for an in-depth knowledge of their chargedischarge redox and failure mechanism,as well as a systematic understanding of the dynamic evolution of microstructure,phase composition,chemical composition,and local chemical environment of the materials for ***-situ characterization technology is expected to understand and reveal the problems faced by aqueous rechargeable batteries,such as the dissolution of electrode materials,the growth of metal negative electrode dendrites,passivation,corrosion,side reactions and a series of *** on this,typical in-situ characterization techniques and their basic mechanisms are summarized,including in-situ optical visualization,in-situ microscopy techniques(in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)),in-situ X-ray techniques(in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),in-situ near-edge structural X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XANES)),and in-situ spectroscopy techniques(in-situ Raman spectroscopy,in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)).Moreover,some emerging techniques concerning aqueous battery research,especially gas evolution and materials dissolution issues,such as in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM).in-situ fiber-optic sensing,in-situ gas chromatography(GC) are *** last,the applications of advanced in-situ characterizations in future research of aqueous batteries are emphasized and discussed,along with some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions.

关键词： Aqueous battery In-situ characterization Phase transformation Solid electrolyte interphase Zinc dendrite growth

Measures of Relative and Absolute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration based on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena Bárcena-Martin jacques Silber Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mobility is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distributional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor benefit more than the rich from economic growth by tracking the extent of income mobility among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and absolute indices of mobility,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes between anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is based on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** both absolute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income but only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distribution in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mobility pro-poor growth

The Sword of Damocles behind the Curtain of the Earth’s Global Warming: A Review

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第2期15卷 119-136页

作者： jacques Bourgois Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris (iSTeP) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7193 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)/Université Paris 06 Paris France iSTeP UMR 7193 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Paris France

The “mainstream” climatology (MSC)—i.e. which includes the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) community—considers the present day massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the main cause of the current global warming trend. The main inference from this stance is that the increase in temperature must occur after the release of greenhouse gases originating from the anthropic activities. However, no scientific evidence has been provided for this basic notion. Earth paleoclimatic records document the antecedence of temperature over CO2 levels. For the past 65 Ma, the temperature parameter has controlled the subsequent increase in CO2. This includes the three rapid aberrant shifts and extreme climate transients at 55 Ma, 34 Ma, and 23 Ma REF _Ref159913672 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1]. The simple fact of their existence points to the potential for highly nonlinear responses in climate forcing. Whatever these shifts and transients are, CO2 remains a second order parameter in their evolution through time. Confronted with the past, a suitable response must therefore be given to the unresolved question of whether the CO2 trends precede the temperature trends in the current period, or not. The assertion that the current global warming is anthropogenic in origin implicitly presupposes a change of paradigm, with the consequence (the increase in CO2 levels) that occurred in Earth’s past being positioned as the cause of the warming for its present day climatic evolution. The compulsory assumption regarding the antecedence of CO2 levels over the temperature trends is associated with the haziness of the methodological framework—i.e. the paradigm—and tightens the research fields on the likely origins of global warming. The possible involvement of an “aberrant” natural event, hidden behind the massive release of greenhouse gases, has not been considered by the MSC.

关键词： Climate CO2 Temperature Paleoclimate Warming

Comparative Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Coarse-grained WC-based Cemented Carbides Sintered with Ultrafine WC or (W+C) as Additives

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 399-409页

作者：于淞百闵凡路 LI De NOUDEM Guillaume jacques ZHANG Hailong MA Jichang ZHAO Kui YAO Zhanhu 张建峰 College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityMinistry of EducationNanjing 210098China CRISMAT-ENSICAEN(UMR-CNRS 6508) Universitéde Caen-Basse-NormandieF-14050 CaenFrance Shaanxi Aeronautic Carbide Tool Co.Ltd. Hanzhong 724200China CCCC Tunnel Engineering Co.Ltd. Beijing 100102China

The effects of ultrafine WC(WC_(UF),0.5μm) or W(1μm) and C(0.3μm)(W+C)_(UF) additives on the densification,microstructure and mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbides were compared ***,the cemented carbides with WC_(UF)/(W+C)_(UF) additives are almost fully densification to be higher than 99%,and the average grain size is kept above 2.8μ*** WC_(UF) additive assists grains to(truncated)trigonal prism shape by two dimensional(2D) growth,whereas the(W+C)_(UF) additive assists grains to rounded shape by three dimensional(3D) growth,lowers WC contiguity and increases face-centered-cubic *** hardness and bending strength of(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co are 86.6 HRA and 2 272 MPa,respectively,both higher than those of(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co,which could be ascribed to the enhanced densification and unblemished ***,the fracture toughness of the(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co is 23.5 MPa·m^(1/2),higher than that of the(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co due to the uniform WC-Co structure and flexible binder phase.

关键词： coarse-grained WC-based cemented carbide ultrafine WC ultrafine(W+C) microstructure mechanical properties