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An illustrated guide to:Distributed and integrated fibreoptic sensing in seismology

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Earthquake Science 2025年第1期38卷 67-77页

作者： Andreas Fichtner Fabian Walter Patrick Paitz Sara Klaasen Daniel C.Bowden Sebastian Noe Nils Müller Dominik Husmann jacques Morel Department of Earth Sciences ETH ZürichZürich 8049Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape ResearchBirmensdorf 8903Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Metrology METAS Bern 3003Switzerland

The properties of laser signals are affected by deformation of the optical fibre through which they are *** this deformation dependence is undesirable in telecommunication,it can be exploited for the construction of novel seismic sensors that fill a niche in data acquisition where traditional seismometer arrays would be difficult to *** includes densely populated urban centers,the oceans,volcanoes and the Earth’s polar *** notes complement a presentation on recent methodological developments and applications in fibre-optic *** first part is focused on the use of distributed fibreoptic sensing in cryosphere research,and specifically the investigation of the internal structure and seismicity of glaciers and ice *** second part is dedicated to recent advances in integrated fibre-optic sensing,with emphasis on novel measurement principles and sensitivity.

关键词： seismology fibre-optics cryosphere earthquakes

Theoretical Study of the Spectroscopic Properties of a Series of Makaluvamines in the Ultra-Violet Visible Range Using DFT (B3LYP) and TD-DFT Methods

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Spectral Analysis Review 2025年第1期8卷 1-15页

作者： Atse Adepo jacques Diomande Sékou Alao Latifatou Laye Kone Soleymane Laboratory of Constitution and Reaction of Matter UFR SSMT University Felix Houphout Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Agro-Industrial Sciences and Technologies (STAgI) UFR Agriculture Halieutic Resources and Agro-Industry University of San-Pdro San-Pdro Cte dIvoire

This work was carried out with the aim of contributing to the treatment of cancer. Cancer is one of the most common causes of death. It constitutes a public health problem. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one treatment option. This study contributes to the search for photosensitizing molecules used in PDT. Makaluvamines have shown interesting properties in the treatment of several human cancer cell lines. The present study analyzes the ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopic properties of a few Makaluvamines. These have been listed in the literature and can be in neutral or charged states (protonated and methylated). The investigation is based on quantum chemical calculations. Molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Absorption properties in the visible and ultraviolet spectral range are measured on optimized structures using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The absorption spectra are obtained using the “Chemissian” software. The results of our calculations have allowed us to determine the absorption zones of the molecules studied, the energy gaps of the frontier orbitals, the main transitions associated with the absorption process, and their lifetimes. They have also identified four Makaluvamines (E, G, M, and L) that absorb in the therapeutic domain and may have photosensitizer properties.

关键词： Cancer Makaluvamines Density Functional Theory Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Photosensitizer Absorption

Investigating Sexual Auto-Dissemination of Native Strain of Metarhizium pingshaense from Burkina Faso within Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes for Dengue Control Perspectives

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Advances in Entomology 2025年第1期13卷 61-67页

作者： Etienne Bilgo Domonbabele François de Sales Hien Souro Abel Millogo Edounou jacques Gnambani Seni Ilboudo Abdoulaye Diabate Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante (IRSS) Direction Rgionale de lOuest (DRO)/CNRST Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Muraz Institut National de Sant Publique (INSP) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Sciences and Techniques Dpartment Institut du Dvelopement Rural Universit Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, recent dengue outbreaks were exacerbated by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which have developed resistance to conventional insecticides. This study investigates the potential of Metarhizium pingshaense Met_S26, a fungus from Burkina Faso, for controlling both endophilic and exophilic Aedes mosquitoes. Traditional interventions are less effective against mosquitoes resting outdoors, and the ability of the fungus to be sexually transmitted could enhance its efficacy. Aedes mosquitoes were reared and exposed to various concentrations of Metarhizium pingshaense to assess its virulence. The fungus showed significant efficacy, with lethal times (LT80) ranging from 8.67 to 11.83 days depending on the concentration. Furthermore, bioassays demonstrated effective sexual auto-dissemination, with substantial transmission of fungal spores between infected and uninfected mosquitoes, leading to lower survival rates in uninfected mates. This study highlights Metarhizium pingshaense Met_S26 as a promising tool for controlling both indoor and outdoor Aedes populations, complementing existing vector control strategies such as the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and Wolbachia-based approaches. Future research should explore integrating this fungus with other control methods for a comprehensive vector management strategy.

关键词： Sexual Dissemination Metarhizium pingshaense Aedes aegypti Dengue Burkina Faso

DNA Analysis in Criminal Investigations in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2025年第1期15卷 1-10页

作者： Missa Millogo Serge Theophile Soubeiga Bapio Valerie Bazie Theodora Mahoukede Zohoncon Abdoul Karim Ouattara Albert Theophane Yonli jacques Simpore Direction of Scientific and Technical Police Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE) of University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Research Institute of Applied and Technological Sciences (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University of Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Research Institute of Health Sciences (IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: In recent years, Burkina Faso has faced increasing insecurity and terrorist attacks. The police, gendarmerie, and justice services are very often in demand to carry out criminal investigations, which are slowed down or incomplete due to the absence of DNA analysis on biological samples from crime scenes and on apprehended suspects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of DNA analysis to the resolution of criminal cases in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This study was carried out from June 2019 to July 2020. Three (03) crimes were investigated, and DNA analysis was performed on biological samples from the crime scene, suspects, and victims using the AmpFlSTR® identifiler® Direct kit on the ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer. Results: In the explosion case, the alleles found in the victim were the same as those identified in the blood trace from the crime scene. In the armed robbery case, there was a perfect match between the DNA profile of the blood trail and that of suspect 2 for all 15 STRs analyzed. In the murder case, the DNA profile of the murdered man’s son and the DNA profile of the biological trace were identical. Conclusion: The DNA analyses carried out in criminal cases have identified the perpetrators of the crimes. Their guilt or innocence will be confirmed by the investigators during the interrogations and hearings.

关键词： DNA Short Tandem Repeat Crimes Investigations Burkina Faso

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Profile of Antifungal Susceptibility Test of Candida Strains to Antifungal Drugs from 2018 to 2022, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Advances in Microbiology 2025年第1期15卷 58-69页

作者： Essi Etonam Dovo Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho Estelle Ouedraogo Mamadou Baduon Prudence Gouti Marius Belemgnegre Paul Ouedraogo jacques Simpore (Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory LABIOGENE) UFR SVT Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Health Sciences University Saint Thomas DAquin USTA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common cause of significant morbidity, affecting millions of women worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 75%of women of childbearing age will have at least one episode of candidiasis in their lifetime. In the last decades, resistance to azoles has become a public health problem. Although studies on vulvovaginitis have been done, there is lack of VVC studies in our area. The aim of this study was to describe the etiological and resistance profiles of vulvovaginal candidiasis to standard antifungus at the Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso. Methods: We conducted a prospective study from January 2018 to December 2022. From vulvovaginal swabs, Candida species were identified using the ChromID® Candida Agar medium and the API® Candida gallery. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer agar disk diffusion. Results: A total of 4789 women were sampled. The average age of sexually active women was 27.80+/−6.77 years, with extremes ranging from 15 to 64 years. Vaginal Candida infections accounted for 74.16% of the cases. The 20 - 29 age group was the most affected by vulvovaginal candidiasis. Pregnant women accounted for 28.76% of our study population. Women in the second (2nd) trimester of pregnancy had more Candida infections. Candida albicans was the most isolated species (55.12%), followed by Candida glabrata (27.64%), Candida tropicalis (6.91%), Candida famata (6.67%), Candida krusei (2.56%). All the Candida species isolated showed very high of resistance to Fluconazole (45.2%), Miconazole (23.7%) and Clotrimazole (45.7%). Conclusion: Species-specific antifungal results should always be considered to avoid antifungal resistance associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Identifying the causative species using vaginal fungal cultures can help guide therapy and improve outcomes for these patients.

关键词： Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Candida albicans Azole Resistance Burkina Faso

Wavelet filter analysis of splitting and coupling of seismic normal modes below 1.5 mHz with superconducting gravimeter records after the December 26, 2004 Sumatra earthquake

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第12期49卷 1259-1269页

作者： jacques Hinderer Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (UMR 7516 CNRS-ULP) 5 rue Descartes 67084 Strasbourg Cedex France

New generation superconducting gravimeters (SGs), which have been demonstrated to be better than the best seismometers STS-1 at frequencies below 1 mHz, can be accepted as the quietest vertical seismometers for observation of long-period earth free oscillations. Wavelet filtering with narrow band-pass frequency response as shown in this paper is very helpful in removing at- mospheric pressure effects from on gravity records in long-period seismic mode frequency bands. The processing of high quality SG records after the great Sumatra earthquake (Dec. 26, 2004) with wavelet filtering leads to clear observations of all coupled toroidal modes below 1.5 mHz except these for 0T5, 0T7 and 1T1; moreover 1T2 and 1T3 are, for the first time, unambiguously revealed in the vertical components of the free oscillations. The three well-resolved splitting singlets of overtones 2S1 are observed from a single SG record for the first time.

关键词： superconducting gravimeter,Sumatra earthquake,wavelet filter,Earth free oscillations,pressure correction.

How everything started:A retrospective

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 627-634页

作者： jacques Touret Institut de Mineralogie.de Physique des Materiaux.et de Cosmochimie IMPMC).Sorbonne Universites-UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR CNRS 7590 Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle.IRD UMR 206.4 Place Jussieu F-75005 Paris France

Recalling some of the most important events and persons during his education and career, the author sketches his growth from a young engineer, educated in the sanctuary of solid state reactions, to an involved fully devoted scientific career for the study of fluids in the deep Earth. Most important in this respect was the discovery of C02 inclusions in granulites, which triggered years of discussion on fluid- absent or fluid-assisted granulite metamorphism. To some extent, this debate is a continuation of the former granite controversy, but it shows also how the famous battle of ＂soaks against pontiffs＂ could have been easily avoided.

关键词： Granite controversyMetamorphic petrologyFluid inclusionsJ TouretGranulites

Assessing human sperm morphology： top models, underdogs or biometrics？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 36-46页

作者： jacques Auger Service d＇Histologie-Embryologie Biologie de la Reproduction/CECOS Hopital Cochin Paris 75014 France

The assessment of the percentage of spermatozoa having an ＇ideal＇ morphology using so-called strict method is the method recommended in the latest edition of the World Health Organization （WHO） laboratory manual for semen analysis. This recommendation is a result of the statistical association between ＇ideal＇ sperm morphology and fertility, and of the current general belief that sperm morphology assessment should be used primarily as a fertility tool. The notion of an ＇ideal＇ sperm morphology has persisted despite the very low percentage of such spermatozoa in the semen of fertile men, a subject of intense controversy. The detailed categorization of each abnormal spermatozoon has thus, for a long time, been considered optional and partially redundant, an idea which is reflected in the earlier editions of the WHO manual. However, several recent studies have shown the importance of carefully assessing abnormal sperm morphology for use in the diagnosis ＆infertility, to determine fertility prognosis, and for basic or public health studies. One approach, which combines videomicroscopy and computer vision, and is the only approach able to assess the continuum of sperm biometrics, has been used successfully in several recent clinical, basic and toxicology studies. In summary, the visual assessment of detailed sperm morphology--including the categorization of anomalies allowing arithmetically derived indices of teratozoospermia--and the more modern computer-based approaches, although often considered to be redundant, are in fact complementary. The choice of the most appropriate method depends on the field of investigation （clinical, research, toxicology） and the problem being addressed. Each approach has advantages as well as certain limitations, which will be discussed briefly herein.

关键词： diagnosis fertility prognosis image analysis multiple anomalies index pattern recognition reproductive toxicology spermdefects sperm deformity index sperm pathology teratozoospermic index videomicroscopy

A unified plasticity methodology for rate-and temperature-sensitive alloys exhibiting a non-linear kinematic hardening behavior

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2017年第1期30卷 27-37页

作者： jacques Luk-Cyr Daniel Paquet jacques Lanteigne Henri Champliaud Aurelian Vadean Department of Mechanical Engineering Ecole Polyechnique de Montreal 2900 Blvd Edouard-Montpetit MontrealQC H3T 1J4 Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec 1800 Blvd Lionel-Boulet Varennes QC J3X 1S1 Department of Mechanical Engineering Ecole de technologie superieure 1100 Rue Notre-Dame O Montreal QCH3C 1K3

In this paper, a novel unified plasticity methodology is proposed to allow the coupling of rate-and temperature-sensitivity of engineering alloys as well as the non-linear kinematic hardening behavior often observed during cyclic loading. The proposed methodology is general in the sense that an arbitrary constitutive model may be chosen for the viscoplastic part, as well as the cyclic part. We adapt our model with a physically-motivated viscoplasticity flow rule and a nonlinear kinematic hardening model. In contrast with other unified plasticity models, the simplified theory involves few material parameters that can be readily calibrated from standard mechanical tests. The capabilities of the proposed theory are demonstrated for a hot rolled annealed 304 L stainless steel supplied by Vimetal Peckover. The model is tested with stress–strain curves obtained from standard tensile and cyclic uniaxial tests at various strain amplitudes and strain-rates, and good accuracy of the response is obtained for strains up to 15%, within a temperature range of 293–673 K. We note that the cyclic plasticity model in our adapted theory can be readily enhanced with ratchetting, mean stress relaxation, strain amplitude history, Masing effects or other complex capabilities.

关键词： Unified plasticity Constitutive behavior Viscoplasticity Non-linear kinematic hardening Stainless steels