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Ultr.str.ng gr.phene sheets induced by nanoconfined water

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National Science r.view 2024年第6期11卷 96-98页

作者： jacob Klein Weizmann Institute of Science

Water.and other.solvents may exhibit unusual ther.odynamic and kinetic pr.per.ies when nano-confined, as demonstr.ted in sever.l pr.vious r.por.s[1–4]. For.example, extr.me cylindr.cal nanoconfinement has been r.alized in car.on nanotubes [1], impr.ving ethanol pr.duction by an or.er.of magnitude,while the anomalous fluidity of nanoconfined water.r.lative to nanoconfined or.anic solvents is impor.ant for.lubr.cation [2,3].

关键词： FLUIDITY

Blockchain pr.vacy and r.gulator. compliance:Towar.s a pr.ctical equilibr.um

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Blockchain(r.sear.h and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 1-9页

作者： Vitalik Buter.n jacob Illum Matthias Nadler.Fabian Schär.Ameen Soleimani Ether.um Foundation Switzerland Chainalysis United States of America Univer.ity of Basel Switzerland Pr.vacy Pools United States of America

We study Pr.vacy Pools,a novel smar. contr.ct-based pr.vacy-enhancing *** pr.tocol intr.duces a mechanism for.user. to r.veal cer.ain pr.per.ies of their.tr.nsaction without having to r.veal the tr.nsaction *** cor. concept involves allowing user. to publish a zer.-knowledge pr.of,demonstr.ting that their.funds(do not)or.ginate fr.m known(un-)lawful sour.es,without publicly r.vealing their.entir. tr.nsaction *** is achieved by pr.ving member.hip in custom association sets,which ar. designed to demonstr.te compliance with r.gulator. fr.mewor.s or.social *** illustr.te how this mechanism can cr.ate a separ.ting equilibr.um between compliant and non-compliant *** wor. descr.bes the technical under.innings,incentives,and br.ader.implications of this mechanism,highlighting how Pr.vacy Pools-like pr.tocols can cr.ate mor. pr.vate yet compliant blockchain tr.nsactions.

关键词： Blockchain Pr.vacy r.gulation Smar. contr.cts Zer.-knowledge pr.ofs

Developing fer.ility contr.l for.r.dents: a fr.mewor. for.r.sear.her. and pr.ctitioner.

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 87-107页

作者： Giovanna MASSEI Jens jacob Lyn A.HINDS Botstiber.Institute for.Wildlife Fer.ility Contr.l Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkUK r.dent r.sear.h Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsJulius Kühn–Institute(JKI)Federal Research Institute for Cultivated PlantsMünsterGermany CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty CanberraACTAustralia

Fer.ility contr.l is often her.lded as a humane and effective technique for.management of over.bundant wildlife,including *** intention is to r.duce the use of lethal and inhumane methods,incr.ase far. pr.ductivity and food secur.ty as well as r.duce disease tr.nsmission,par.icular.y of *** developed a fr.mewor. to guide r.sear.her. and stakeholder. planning to assess the effectiveness of a potential contr.ceptive agent for.a par.icular.*** guidelines descr.be the over.r.hing r.sear.h questions which must be sequentially addr.ssed to ensur. adequate data ar. collected so that a contr.ceptive can be r.gister.d for.use in br.ad-scale r.dent *** fr.mewor. indicates that studies should be under.aken iter.tively and,at times,in par.llel,with initial r.sear.h being conducted on(1)labor.tor.-based captive assessments of contr.ceptive effects in individuals;(2)simulation of contr.ceptive deliver. using bait mar.er. and/or.sur.ical ster.lization of differ.nt pr.por.ions of afield-based or.enclosur. population to deter.ine how population dynamics ar. affected;(3)development of mathematical models which pr.dict the outcomes of differ.nt fer.ility contr.l scenar.os;and(4)implementation of lar.e-scale,r.plicated tr.als to validate contr.ceptive efficacy under.var.ous management-scalefield *** some cir.umstances,fer.ility contr.l may be most effective when integr.ted with other.methods(*** culling).Assessment of non-tar.et effects,dir.ct and indir.ct,and the envir.nmental fate of the contr.ceptive must also be *** fer.ility contr.l for.a species is a r.sour.e-intensive commitment but will likely be less costly than the ongoing envir.nmental and economic impacts by r.dents and r.denticides in many contexts.

关键词： captive studies field applications modeling or.l contr.ceptive deliver. population management r.dents

r.dent biology and ecologically based r.dent management(EBr.)-25 year. of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplinar. r.sear.h

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SINGLETON Lyn A. HINDS r.odes MAKUNDI Steven r. BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

The effects of local var.ations in conditions on car.on stor.ge and r.lease in the continental mantle

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National Science r.view 2024年第6期11卷 22-36页

作者： Stephen F.Foley Chunfei Chen Dor.it E.jacob School of Natur.l Sciences Macquarie University r.sear.h School of Ear.h Sciences Australian National University State Key Labor.tor. of Geological Pr.cesses and Miner.l r.sour.es School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

r.cent advances indicate that the amount of car.on r.leased by gr.dual degassing fr.m the mantle needs to be r.vised upwar.s, wher.as the car.on supplied by plumes may have been over.stimated in the *** in r.ck types and oxidation state may be ver. local and exer. str.ng influences on car.on stor.ge and r.lease mechanisms. Deep subduction may be pr.vented by diapir.sm in thick sedimentar. packages,wher.as car.onates in thinner.sequences may be subducted. Car.onates stor.d in the mantle tr.nsition zone will melt when they heat up, r.cognized by coupled stable isotope systems(e.g. Mg, Zn, Ca). Ther. is no single ‘mantle oxygen fugacity’, par.icular.y in the ther.al boundar. layer.TBL) and lower.ost lithospher., wher. ver. local mixtur.s of r.ck types coexist. Car.onate-r.ch melts fr.m either.subduction or.melting of the upper.ost asthenospher. tr.p car.on by r.dox fr.ezing or.as car.onate-r.ch dykes in this zone. Deeply der.ved, r.duced melts may for. fur.her.diamond r.ser.oir., r.cognized as polycr.stalline diamonds associated with webster.tic silicate miner.ls. Car.on is r.leased by either.edge-dr.ven convection,which tear. sections of the TBL and lower.lithospher. down so that they melt by a mixtur. of heating and oxidation, or.by later.l advection of solids beneath r.fts. Both mechanisms oper.te at steps in lithospher. thickness and r.sult in car.onate-r.ch melts, explaining the spatial association of cr.ton edges and car.onate-r.ch magmatism. High-pr.ssur. exper.ments on individual r.ck types, and incr.asingly on r.actions between r.cks and melts, ar. fine-tuning our.under.tanding of pr.cesses and tur.ing up unexpected r.sults that ar. not seen in studies of single r.cks. Futur. r.sear.h should concentr.te on elucidating local var.ations and integr.ting these with the inter.r.tation of geophysical signals. Global concepts such as aver.ge sediment compositions and a unifor. mantle oxidation state ar. not appr.pr.ate for.small-scale pr.cesses; an incr.a

关键词： lithospher.c mantle car.onate melts deep car.on cycle cr.ton destr.ction continental r.fts

Development of sur.ogate-optimization models for.a novel tr.nscr.tical power.cycle integr.ted with a small modular.r.actor

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Ener.y and AI 2024年第1期15卷 15-25页

作者： Yili Zhang jacob Br.an Geor.ie r.char.s Hailei Wang Depar.ment of Mechanical&Aer.space Engineer.ng Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA

In r.cent year.,var.ous types of sur.ogate optimization models have been pr.posed to r.duce the computational time and to impr.ve the emulation *** this study,by lever.ging an ANN sur.ogate model developed ear.ier.a compr.hensive and efficient optimization algor.thm is conceived for.the global optimal design of an integr.ted r.gener.tive methanol tr.nscr.tical *** combines a unique conver.ing/diver.ing classifier.model into the sur.ogate model to for. a sur.ogate-based model,which significantly impr.ves the pr.diction accur.cy of the objective *** binar. classifier. ar. explor.d and the multi-layer.feed-for.ar.(MLF)neur.l networ. classifier.is *** addition,within the five global optimizer. being explor.d,the basinhopping(BH)and dual-annealing(DA)ar. *** optimal sur.ogate-based model and global optimizer. ar. then combined to for. a unique sur.ogate-optimizer.*** sur.ogate-optimizer.model is slightly outper.or.ed by the physics-based model in ter.s of the optimization r.sults,the time consumption of the sur.ogate-optimizer.model dur.ng the optimization sear.hing pr.cess is 99%less than that of the physicsbased *** the r.sults,the sur.ogate-optimizer.model is slightly outper.or.ed by the physics-based model in ter.s of the optimization r.sults,wher. the Levelized Cost of Ener.y(LCOE)of the Sur.ogate-DA and Sur.ogate-BH models ar. 77.912 and 78.876$/MWh,r.spectively,compar.d to the 77.190$/MWh of the Baseline model with fair.y close penalties between *** the meantime,the time consumption of the sur.ogate-optimizer.model dur.ng the optimization sear.hing pr.cess is 99%less than that of the physics-based model.

关键词： Sur.ogate model Optimization Binar. classifier.model Global optimizer Ther.odynamic model Tr.nscr.tical cycle Small modular.r.actor.

Tempor.l var.ability and sour.es of PFAS in the r.o Gr.nde,New Mexico thr.ugh an ar.d ur.an ar.a using multiple tr.cer. and highfr.quency sampling

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Emer.ing Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 205-220页

作者： Kimber.y r.Beisner.r.becca E.Tr.vis David A.Alvar.z Lar.y B.Bar.er.jacob A.Fleck Jer.my r.Jasmann U.S.Geological Sur.ey 6700 Edith Blvd NEAlbuquerqueNM87113USA U.S.Geological Sur.ey 4200 New Haven RoadColumbiaMO65201USA U.S.Geological Sur.ey 3215 Marine St.BoulderCO80303USA U.S.Geological Sur.ey 6000 J St.Placer Hall.SacramentoCA95819USA

Per.and polyfluor.alkyl substances(PFAS)ar. ubiquitous in the envir.nment but sour.es ar. not well defined for.tempor.l and spatial aspects within an ur.an envir.nment,and especially for.an ar.d ur.an envir.nment subject to seasonal shor. ter. high-intensity pr.cipitation events.A focused diel sampling was conducted in the summer.of 2021 to assess the tempor.l and spatial var.ability of PFAS in the r.o Gr.nde near.Albuquer.ue,New Mexico and showed an or.er.of magnitude incr.ase of PFAS as it flows thr.ugh the Albuquer.ue ur.an *** samples wer. collected at two differ.nt locations on the r.o Gr.nde in addition to wastewater.tr.atment plant(WWTP)effluent that dischar.es dir.ctly to the r.o Gr.nde between the sampling ***-ter. high-intensity pr.cipitation events occur.ed dur.ng the study per.od and mobilized PFAS fr.m ur.an *** or.anic matter.composed of tr.ptophan-like or.anic substances and r.fined fuel and fuel bypr.ducts,char.cter.stic of an ur.an signatur.,wer. also r.lated to the pr.cipitation *** PFAS in dischar.e fr.m the WWTP was consistent over.a 24-h per.od with slight differ.nces in some *** pr.sence on the r.o Gr.nde downstr.am of the WWTP was evidenced by a gadolinium anomaly as well as incr.ases in sever.l other.tr.ce elements,total dissolved nitr.gen,and fluor.scence indicator.,in addition to *** var.ed depending on sour.e contr.bution,wher. ur.an r.noff was associated with PFOA,PFOS,and PFBA,wher.as PFHxA and PFPeA wer. associated with wastewater.*** addition,passive polar.or.anic chemical integr.tive sampler.(POCIS)using hydr.philic-lipid balance(HLB)sor.tion media wer. deployed for.a month at two locations on the r.o Gr.nde to assess longer.ter. PFAS *** POCIS r.sults show some compounds(PFPeA and PFHpA)wer. gr.ater.than the aver.ge concentr.tion fr.m discr.te samples,wher.as other.compounds(PFHxA,PFOA,PFDA,and PFNA)wer. lower.in the POCIS,and PFOS was ver. simila

关键词： wastewater r.o r.noff

Imaging mass spectr.metr.:a molecular.micr.scope for.studying the r.le of lipids in Par.inson's disease

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第6期19卷 1179-1180页

作者： Vinata Vedam-Mai jacob M.Samuel Boone M.Pr.ntice Depar.ment of Neur.logy University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Depar.ment of Chemistr. University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Par.inson's disease–A lipidopathy?The histopathological hallmar. of Par.inson's disease(PD)and dementia with Lewy bodies ar. inclusions enr.ched inα-synuclein(α-syn),known as Lewy bodies,which ar. not only composed of pr.teins,but also a cor. of lipid *** has been thus far.pr.ncipally thought of as a“pr.teinopathy”caused by the misfolding of α-syn.

关键词： lipids species folding

r.cycling of solid-state batter.es—challenge and oppor.unity for.a cir.ular.economy?

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Mater.als Futur.s 2024年第1期3卷 10-30页

作者： Mar.ine jacob Ker.tin Wissel Oliver.Clemens 1 Depar.ment of Chemical Mater.als Synthesis University of StuttgartInstitute of Materials ScienceHeisenbergstraße 370569 StuttgartGermany Technical Univer.ity of Dar.stadt Institute of Materials ScienceAlarich-Weiss-Straße 264287 DarmstadtGermany

The tr.mendous effor.s made in the r.sear.h field of solid-state Li-ion batter.es have led to consider.ble advancement of this technology and the fir.t mar.et-r.ady systems can be expected in the near.*** r.sear.h community is cur.ently investigating differ.nt solid-state electr.lyte classes(***,sulfides,halides and polymer.)with a focus on fur.her.optimizing the synthesis and electr.chemical ***,so far.the development of sustainable r.cycling str.tegies allowing for.an efficient backflow of cr.tical elements contained in these batter.es into the economic cycle and thus a tr.nsition fr.m a linear.to a cir.ular.economy lags *** this contr.bution,r.sour.e aspects with r.spect to the chemical value of cr.cial mater.als,which ar. used for.the synthesis of solid-state electr.lytes ar. being ***,an over.iew of possible appr.aches in r.lation to their.challenges and oppor.unities for.the r.cycling of solid-state batter.es with r.spect to differ.nt solid-state electr.lyte classes by means of pyr.metallur.y,hydr.metallur.y and dir.ct r.cycling/dissolution-based separ.tion pr.cesses is *** on these consider.tions and with r.fer.nce to pr.vious r.sear.h,it will be shown that differ.nt solid-state electr.lytes will r.quir. individually adapted r.cycling pr.cesses to be suitably designed for.a cir.ular.economy and that fur.her.impr.vements and investigations will be r.quir.d.

关键词： solid-state batter.es solid-state electr.lyte r.cycling cir.ular.economy