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Pr.-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells pr.mote br.ast cancer.gr.wth in bone in a mur.ne xenogr.ft model

Chinese Jour.al of Cancer 2011年第3期30卷 189-196页

作者： Thomas M. Bodenstine Benjamin H. Beck Xuemei Cao Leah M. Cook Aimen Ismail J. Kent Power. Andr.a M. Mastr. Danny r. Welch Depar.ment of Pathology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA National Foundation for.Cancer.r.sear.h-Center.for.Metastasis r.sear.h University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA Depar.ment of Biochemistr. and Molecular.Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA Depar.ment of Phar.acology/ Toxicology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA Cell Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA Compr.hensive Cancer.Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA Center.for.Metabolic Bone Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA.

The bones ar. the most common sites of br.ast cancer.metastasis. Upon ar.ival within the bone micr.envir.nment, br.ast cancer.cells coor.inate the activities of str.mal cells, r.sulting in an incr.ase in osteoclast activity and bone matr.x degr.dation. In late stages of bone metastasis, br.ast cancer.cells induce apoptosis in osteoblasts, which fur.her.exacer.ates bone loss. However. in ear.y stages, br.ast cancer.cells induce osteoblasts to secr.te inflammator. cytokines pur.or.ed to dr.ve tumor.pr.gr.ssion. To mor. thor.ughly evaluate the r.le of osteoblasts in ear.y stages of br.ast cancer.metastasis to the bones, we used gr.en fluor.scent pr.tein-labeled human br.ast cancer.cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435, which both induce osteolysis after.intr.-femor.l injection in athymic mice, and the mur.ne pr.-osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 to modulate osteoblast populations at the sites of br.ast cancer.metastasis. Br.ast cancer.cells wer. injected dir.ctly into the femur.with or.without equal number. of MC3T3-E1 cells. Tumor. gr.w significantly lar.er.when co-injected with br.ast cancer.cells and MC3T3-E1 cells than injected with br.ast cancer.cells alone. Osteolysis was induced in both gr.ups, indicating that MC3T3-E1 cells did not block the ability of br.ast cancer.cells to cause bone destr.ction. MC3T3-E1 cells pr.moted tumor.gr.wth out of the bone into the extr.osseous str.ma. These data suggest that br.ast cancer.cells and osteoblasts communicate dur.ng ear.y stages of bone metastasis and pr.mote tumor.gr.wth.

关键词：乳腺癌细胞成骨细胞肿瘤生长小鼠绿色荧光蛋白标记模型移植早期阶段

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Inter.specific and intr.-specific var.ability in fr.it color.pr.fer.nce in two species of Tur.us

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Integr.tive Zoology 2011年第3期6卷 244-258页

作者： Asier.r.LAr.INAGA Ecology Ar.a Biology CollegeUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSouth Campuss/n15782-Santiago de CompostelaA CoruñaSpain

One of the main hypotheses pr.posed to explain the evolution of fr.it color.deals with a pr.fer.nce of avian fr.givor.s for.specific color.,mainly black and r.d,which ar. the most common fr.it color. in many of the studied habitats.I analyzed fr.it color.pr.fer.nces by wild bir.s belonging to 2 species of the highly fr.givor.us genus Tur.us(Eur.sian Blackbir. Tur.us mer.la Linnaeus,1758 and r.dwing Tur.us iliacus Linnaeus,1758)by means of captivity exper.ments with ar.ificial *** impor.ant within-individual(***)and among-individual var.ability,consistent patter.s of species-specific color.pr.fer.nces *** Blackbir.s tended to pr.fer.r.d over.blue,gr.en and black,wher.as r.dwings seemed to pr.fer.black over.the *** was systematically avoided by both species,suggesting that it might signal unr.peness of *** pr.fer.ed color. have been pr.viously r.por.ed as the most common among fleshy-fr.ited *** high var.ability,both within and between individuals,in pr.fer.nces suggests that they can be subject to changes thr.ugh exper.ence and lear.ing and,ther.for.,ar. not likely to dr.ve the evolution of fr.it *** main differ.nces between both species could be r.lated to the most common fr.it color.they fed upon dur.ng the last months befor. captur..

关键词： ar.ificial fr.its fr.givor.us bir.s fr.it color.pr.fer.nce fr.it spectr. intr.-specific var.ability

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Elimination of Cationic and Anionic Dyes by Natur.l Phosphate

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Jour.al of Chemistr. and Chemical Engineer.ng 2012年第8期6卷 721-725页

作者： A. Achkoun J. Naja r. M'Hamdi Applied Chemistr. and Envir.nment Labor.tor. University of Science and Technology Settat 577 Morocco Water.and Envir.nment Labor.tor. Study and Research Center of Mineral Phosphates Casablanca 25679 Morocco

The pr.sent wor. aims to study the adsor.tion, deter.ining the ability of phosphate to r.move cationic dyes, MB （methylene blue） and CV （cr.stal violet） and an anionic dye, the MO （methyl or.nge）. To explain the impor.ant r.duction of pollution par.meter. obtained fr.m its use as a filter.bed. Natur.l phosphate is contacted with an aqueous solution having a concentr.tion of 20 mg/L for.90, 45 and 20 min r.spectively for.the MB, CV and MO. Exper.mental r.sults show that the phosphate totally eliminates the CV and the WB. While, the adsor.tion of MO is ver. low. The Langmuir.isother. applies to MB and MO while the adsor.tion of CV uses the Fr.undlich isother..

关键词： Natur.l phosphate adsor.tion isother. methylene blue cr.stal violet methyl or.nge adsor.tion kinetics.

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Mapping ur.an under.r.und potential in Dakar.Senegal:Fr.m the analytic hier.r.hy pr.cess to self-or.anizing maps

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Under.r.und Space 2020年第3期5卷 267-280页

作者： Michael r.Doyle Deep City Pr.ject Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Economics(LEURE)Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Switzerland

This ar.icle pr.sents a mapping method that seeks to pr.vide ur.an planning with a diagnostic over.iew of the under.r.und r.sour.es of an ur.an *** potentials(for.buildable space,gr.undwater.or.geomater.al extr.ction and geother.al ener.y)tend to be investigated on a needs-only basis once a pr.ject or.plan has alr.ady been *** par.digm of‘needs to r.sour.es’r.sks favor.ng single-use r.ther.than multi-use under.r.und development,leading to unfor.seen conflicts between possible uses(e.g.,pollution of an aquifer.or.congestion of infr.str.ctur.)or.the ir.ever.ible loss of potential syner.ies(e.g.,geother.al collector. on building foundations).The Deep City pr.ject at the EPFL in Switzer.and has been wor.ing on an alter.ative par.digm of‘r.sour.es to needs’,which is a holistic appr.ach addr.ssing the under.r.und as a sour.e of oppor.unity in syner.y with sur.ace development for.cur.ailing ur.an spr.wl while pr.ser.ing public places or.*** method,which combines geological and sur.ace ur.an data,pr.duces maps of individual and combined r.sour.e potentials without pr.or.tizing any par.icular.planning *** communication will pr.sent the method and the r.sulting maps thr.ugh a case study conducted in 2016 in the city of Dakar.*** fir.t summar.zing the Deep City pr.ject and the mapping method,the ur.an and geological conditions of Dakar.will be pr.sented,followed by the application and r.sults of the Deep City *** calculation of the combined potentials map is an oppor.unity to compar. two alter.ative methods of combination,the Analytic Hier.r.hy Pr.cess and Self-Or.anizing Maps(SOMs).Although the mapping method does not r.quir. complicated data collection or.analysis,the SOM may be better.suited both for.dealing with lar.er.quantities of data and for.pr.viding mor. meaningful mappings of geological and ur.an data in thr.e dimensions.

关键词： Ur.an planning Geogr.phical infor.ation systems Geomater.als Gr.undwater Geother.al Under.r.und space

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PHOSPHOr.S r.MOVAL USING STEEL SLAG

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Acta Metallur.ica Sinica(English Letter.) 2006年第6期19卷 449-454页

作者： r.W. Smith Metallur.ical and Mater.als Depar.ment Nevada University of Reno NV89503 Nevada USA

Steel slag is a bypr.duct pr.duced in lar.e amounts in the steel-making pr.cess. It is an impor.ant r.sour.e that can be effectively utilized. An exper.ment was descr.bed in which steel slag was tested as an adsor.ent for.the r.moval of phosphor.s fr.m waste water. Phosphor.s r.moval depended on the amount of steel slag added, the pH value, the contact time, and the initial concentr.tion. Under.labor.tor. conditions when the added slag was 7.5g/L, the contact time 2h, and the pH value was equivalent to 6.5, over.99% of the phosphor.s was r.moved; the exper.mental data on steel slag adsor.tion of phosphor.s in the water.fitted the Fr.undlich isother. model. Steel slag was found to be ver. effective in adsor.ing phosphor.s.

关键词： steel slag waste water phosphor.s r.moval

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Pr.ncipal Congr.ence Subgr.ups of Hecke Gr.ups H(q^(1/2))

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Ser.es 2006年第2期22卷 383-392页

作者： Nihal YILMAZ ZGür Depar.ment of Mathematics Balikesir University

Using the notion of quadr.tic r.cipr.city, we discuss the pr.ncipal congr.ence subgr.ups of the Hecke gr.ups H（√q）,q 〉 5 pr.me number.

关键词： Hecke gr.up Pr.ncipal congr.ence subgr.up Congr.ence subgr.up

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Cosmic-r.y exposur. age of Mar.ian meteor.te Gr. 99027

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Science China Ear.h Sciences 2007年第10期50卷 1521-1524页

作者： D. FABEL r. Br.WN S. Fr.EMAN Depar.ment of Geogr.phical and Ear.h Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ Scotland UK Scottish Univer.ities Envir.nmental r.sear.h Centr. Rankine Avenue Scottish Enterprise Technology Park East Kilbride G75 0QF Scotland UK

We have deter.ined the concentr.tions of 10Be and 26Al in Gr. 99027 r.cover.d by the 16th Chinese Antar.tic expedition team, which ar. 14.1 ± 0.6 dpm/kg and 67.5 ± 3.4 dpm/kg, r.spectively. Fr.m the concentr.tion of 10Be, we calculate a cosmic-r.y exposur. age of 4.4 ± 0.6 Ma for.Gr. 99027. The concentr.tion of 26Al is too high compar.d to the 10Be exposur. age, indicating extr. pr.duction fr.m solar.r.y. The exposur. ages, petr.logic and geochemical char.cter.stics of mantle-der.ved Mar.ian meteor.tes Gr. 99027, LEW 88516, Y-793605, NWA 1950 and ALHA77005 ar. ver. similar. suggesting that these meteor.tes most pr.bably wer. ejected fr.m Mar. in the same impact event.

关键词： Gr. 99027, Mar.ian meteor.te, cosmic r.y, exposur. age, Mar.

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冷血

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丛书名：阅听系列

2012年

作者： r. 狄特里希(r.land Dittr.ch)[]

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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The Image Conver.ion in Optical Echo-Hologr.phy by Exter.al Electr.magnetic Standing Waves

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Optics and Photonics Jour.al 2016年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Guzel I. Gar.aeva Leonid A. Nefediev Alsu r. Sakhbieva Depar.ment of Educational Technologies in Physics Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia

The r.cor.ing and playback of infor.ation using a r.ver.e stimulated photon—echo hologr.m when exposed to the r.cor.ing medium pulse of non-r.sonant electr.magnetic standing wave was consider.d. It was shown that the spatial intensity distr.bution in stimulated echo hologr.m r.sponse depended on the electr.c field intensity of non-r.sonant standing wave that allowed contr.lling by a r.pr.ducible image.

关键词： Data r.cor.ing Playback Infor.ation A r.ver.e Stimulated Echo Hologr.m Standing Wave Contr.l of the r.pr.duced Image

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设计的温暖

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设计 2013年第5期26卷 166-169页

作者： jacob

对于北方来说，今年的春天来得格外的晚，在市场上出现了以往只在南方大卖的各类电暖气。还记得这个冬天的“南方供暖”事件，对于北方的家庭来说，已经习惯了暖气将室内变成春天，但南方的家庭就需要依靠各类取暖家电来保温，空调、油... 详细信息

对于北方来说，今年的春天来得格外的晚，在市场上出现了以往只在南方大卖的各类电暖气。还记得这个冬天的“南方供暖”事件，对于北方的家庭来说，已经习惯了暖气将室内变成春天，但南方的家庭就需要依靠各类取暖家电来保温，空调、油汀、电暖气、暖手宝等“热家电”必不可少。事实上，除了寄希望于集中供暖来结束一个又一个难熬的冬天，设计师也能助一臂之力，通过各种巧妙的创意，让各类取暖家电更加人性化，让温暖更加触手可及。

关键词：设计师温暖集中供暖电暖气南方家电人性化北方

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