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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 91-101页

作者： Srikanth Earpina Karen McDonough Millicent Yeboah-Awudzi Kristina J.Cook Sita Aggarwal jack n.losso Chronic Degenerative Disease Prevention Laboratory School of Nutrition and Food ScienceLouisiana State University AgCenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLA 70803USA School of Animal Science Louisiana State University AgCenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLA 70803USA William Hansel Cancer Prevention Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLA 70808USA Louisiana State University System Baton RougeLA 70803USA

Glucolipotocixity induces IL-1βsecretion which impairs pancreaticβ-cell insulin *** acid and urolithin A have strong anti-inflammatory effect on *** and amla are very good sources of ellagic *** present study examined the effect of ellagic acid,ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extract,or urolothin A on inflammation inβcells under glucolipotoxic *** nIT-1βcells were incubated in glucolipotoxic conditions(33.3 mM glucose,250μM palmitic acid or 33.3 mM glucose+250μM palmitic acid with or without ellagic acid,ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extracts standardized to its ellagic acid content,or urolithin A).Inflammatory status was evidenced by ELISA analysis of insulin and IL-1β*** acid-rich muscadine or amla extracts dose-dependently stimulated insulin secretion and down-regulated IL-1βbetter than pure ellagic acid,or urolithin *** A did not statistically stimulate insulin secretion and did not inhibit IL-1β.

关键词： Muscadine Amla Ellagic acid nIT-1 pancreaticβ-cells glucose,Palmitic acid Glucolipotoxicity IL-1β Inflammation Inflammasome Insulin secretion

Methodological considerations of priming repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols in clinical populations

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 173-176页

作者： jack Jiaqi Zhang Zhongfei Bai Kenneth n K Fong Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Centre) School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

InTRODUCTIOn Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)is a neuroplasticity-enhancing technique that modifies brain responsiveness to various therapeutic modalities in clinical psychiatric and neurological applications. Furthermore,its effect can be attributed to long-term potentiation(LTP)or longterm depression(LTD)-like ***,responsiveness to rTMS is largely variable in healthy and pathological brains and is mediated by complex biological *** refers to a higher-order plasticity mechanism in which the direction and magnitude of synaptic plasticity are modified by prior neuronal activity and is believed to be a significant factor leading to the response variability of rTMs.

关键词： stimulation clinical transcranial

nanofabricated high turn-density spiral coils for on-chip electromagneto-optical conversion

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Microsystems & nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 181-192页

作者： Ilhan Bok Alireza Ashtiani Yash Gokhale jack Phillips Tianxiang Zhu Aviad Hai Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA Wisconsin Institute for Translational neuroengineering(WITne) University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Circuit-integrated electromagnets are fundamental building blocks for on-chip signal transduction,modulation,and tunability,with specific applications in environmental and biomedical micromagnetometry.A primary challenge for improving performance is pushing quality limitations while minimizing size and fabrication complexity and retaining spatial *** efforts have exploited highly involved three-dimensional synthesis,advanced insulation,and exotic material ***,we present a rapid nanofabrication process that employs electron beam dose control for high-turn-density diamond-embedded flat spiral coils;these coils achieve efficient on-chip electromagnetic-to-optical signal *** fabrication process relies on fast 12.3 s direct writing on standard poly(methyl methacrylate)as a basis for the metal lift-off *** with 70 micrometer overall diameters and 49–470 nm interturn spacings with corresponding inductances of 12.3–12.8 nH are *** utilize optical micromagnetometry to demonstrate that magnetic field generation at the center of the structure effectively correlates with finite element modeling *** designs based on our process can be integrated with photolithography to broadly enable optical magnetic sensing and spin-based computation.

关键词： utilize retaining high

Hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jacobs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter C Hayes John n Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish national Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while preexisting MASLD increases the risk of LI and the development of COVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be significant that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)which causes COVID-19,uses angiotensin-converting expression enzyme 2(ACE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic ACE2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** ACE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASLD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe COVID-19,using ACE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** ACE2 staining is primarily intracellular and concentrated in the cytoplasm of centrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,ACE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy controls but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but ACE2 and liver lipid droplet content are significantly correlated across the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry COVID-19 COVID-19-associated cholangiopathy

Woody plant cell walls:Fundamentals and utilization

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 112-140页

作者： Wei Li Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin Ying-Lan Chen Chenguang Zhou Shuang Li nette De Ridder Dyoni M.Oliveira Lanjun Zhange Baocai Zhang jack P.Wang Changzheng Xu Xiaokang Fu Keming Luo Ai-Min Wu Taku Demura Meng-Zhu Lu Yihua Zhou Laigeng Li Toshiaki Umezawa Wout Boerjan Vincent L.Chiang State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Department of Life Science National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwanChina Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 719052 GhentBelgium VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Technologiepark 719052 GhentBelgium State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Insttute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Forest Biotechnology Group Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Integrative Science Center of Germplasm CreationSchool of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Developmentand Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitecturesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Center for Digital Green-innovation Nara Institute of Science and TechnologykomaNara 630-0192Japan State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Siviculture College of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences300 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032China Laboratoryof MetabolicScienceofForest Plants and Microorganisms Rsearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto 611-0011 Japan

Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial *** and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model *** developments in genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,transgenesis,and associated analytical techniques are enabling novel insights into formation of woody cell ***,we review multilevel regulation of cell wall biosynthesis in forest tree *** highlight current approaches to engineering cell walls as potential feedstock for materials and energy and survey reported field tests of such engineered transgenic *** outline opportunities and challenges in future research to better understand cell type biogenesis for more efficient wood cell wall modification and utilization for biomaterials or for enhanced carbon capture and storage.

关键词： regulation of cell wall formation biosynthesis of cell wall components lignin cellulose hemicellulose cell wall utilization

Transplacental induction of fatty acid oxidation in term fetal pigs by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist clofibrate

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 341-352页

作者： Xi Lin Sheila Jacobi jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental nutrition Department of Animal SciencesNorth Carolina State University

Background： To induce peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor α（PPARα） expression and increase milk fat utilization in pigs at birth, the effect of maternal feeding of the PPARα agonist, clofibrate（2-（4-chlorophenoxy）-2-methyl-propanoic acid, ethyl ester）, on fatty acid oxidation was examined at ful-term delivery（0 h） and 24 h after delivery in this *** group of pigs（n = 10） was delivered from pregnant sows fed a commercial diet with or without 0.8% clofibrate for the last 7 d of gestation. Blood samples were col ected from the utero-ovarian artery of the sows and the umbilical cords of the pigs as they were removed from the sows by C-section on day 113 of ***： HPLC analysis identified that clofibric acid was present in the plasma of the clofibrate-fed sow（~4.2 μg/m L）and its offspring（~1.5 μg/m L）. Furthermore, the maternal-fed clofibrate had no impact on the liver weight of the pigs at 0 h and 24 h, but hepatic fatty acid oxidation examined in fresh homogenates showed that clofibrate increased（P 〈 0.01）^14C-accumulation in CO2 and acid soluble products 2.9-fold from [1-^14C]-oleic acid and 1.6-fold from[1-^14C]-lignoceric acid respectively. Correspondingly, clofibrate increased fetal hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase（CPT）and acyl-Co A oxidase（ACO） activities by 36% and 42% over controls（P 〈 0.036）. The m RnA abundance of CPT I was 20-fold higher in pigs exposed to clofibrate（P 〈 0.0001） but no differences were detected for ACO and PPARα m RnA between the two ***： These data demonstrate that dietary clofibrate is absorbed by the sow, crosses the placental membrane, and enters fetal circulation to induce hepatic fatty acid oxidation by increasing the CPT and ACO activities of the newborn.

关键词： Clofibrate Fatty acid oxidation Pigs Placenta transfer

Will biomass be used for bioenergy or transportation biofuels? What drivers will influence biomass allocation

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第4期4卷 473-481页

作者： Jinguang HU William James CADHAM Susan van DYK jack n.SADDLER Department of Wood Science Faculty of Forestry The University of British Columbia

Potential competition for biomass for current and future bioenergy/biofuel uses in Brazil, Denmark,Sweden and the USA were compared. In each of these countries, bioenergy and biofuels are already important in their energy mix. However, there is limited competition for biomass between bioenergy(heat/power/residential/industrial) and transportation biofuel applications. This situation is likely to continue until advanced biofuel technology becomes much more commercially established. In each of these countries, biomass is predominantly used to produce bioenergy, even in those regions where biofuels are significant component of their transportation sector(Brazil,Sweden and USA). The vast majority of biofuel production continues to be based on sugar, starch and oil rich feedstocks, while bioenergyis produced almost exclusively from forest biomass with agricultural biomass having a small, but increasing, secondary role. Current and proposed commercial scale biomass-to-ethanol facilities almost exclusively use agriculture derived residues(corn stover/wheat straw/sugarcane bagasse). Competition for biomass feedstocks for bioenergy/biofuel applications, is most likely to occur for agricultural biomass with coproduct lignin and other residues used to concomitantly produce heat and electricity on site at biofuel production facilities.

关键词： bioenergy biofuel biomass renewable energy policy

QUAnTIZATIOn AnD TRAInInG OF LOW BIT-WIDTH COnVOLUTIOnAL nEURAL nETWORKS FOR OBJECT DETECTIOn

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2019年第3期37卷 349-359页

作者： Penghang Yin Shuai Zhang Yingyong Qi jack Xin Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

We presen t LBW-net,an efficient optimization based method for qua nt ization and training of the low bit-width convolutional neural networks(Cnns).Specifically,we quantize the weights to zero or powers of 2 by minimizing the Euclidean distance between full-precision weights and quantized weights during backpropagation(weight learning).We characterize the combinatorial nature of the low bit-width quantization *** 2-bit(ternary)Cnns,the quantization of n weights can be done by an exact formula in O(n log n)*** the bit-width is 3 and above,we further propose a semi-analytical thresholding scheme with a single free parameter for quantization that is computationally *** free parameter is further determined by network retraining and object detection *** LBW-net has several desirable advantages over full-precision Cnns,including considerable memory savings,energy efficiency,and faster *** experiments on PASCAL VOC dataset show that compared with its 32-bit floating-point counterpart,the performance of the 6-bit LBW-net is nearly lossless in the object detection tasks,and can even do better in real world visual scenes,while empirically enjoying more than 4× faster deployment.

关键词： Quantization Low bit width deep neural networks Exact and approximate analytical formulas network training Object detection

Pleckstrin Homology-Like Domain, Family A, Member 1 (PHLDA1): A Multifaceted Cell Survival Factor that Drives Metabolic Disease

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 9-18页

作者： Tamana Yousof Jae Hyun Byun jack Chen Richard C.Austin Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMcMaster UniversityThe Research Institute of St.Joe’s Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney ResearchHamiltonOntarioL8N 4A6Canada

Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) is a multifaceted intracellular protein belonging to the evolutionarily conserved pleckstrin homology-related domain family. Its murine homologue, T-cell death-associated 51 (TDAG51) gene, was initially discovered for its role in activation-induced apoptosis in T-cell hybridomas. In recent years, PHLDA1 has received increased attention due to its association with obesity, fatty liver disease, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Accumulating evidence also supports its role in endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways as a crucial mediator of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell proliferation. In this review, the current knowledge of PHLDA1 gene and protein regulation, localization, and function is summarized. This review highlights the pro- and anti-apoptotic roles of PHLDA1 that contribute to vast array of metabolic diseases.

关键词： ER-stress Metabolism Apoptosis Cell survival PHLDA1

Real-time hybrid simulation of structures equipped with viscoelastic-plastic dampers using a user-programmable computational platform

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2017年第4期16卷 693-711页

作者： jack Wen Wei Guo Ali Ashasi-Sorkhabi Oya Mercan Constantin Christopoulos Kinetica 1235 Bay St.Suite 1004ONM5R 3K4 Department of Civil Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Avenue WWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto35 St.George StreetTorontoONM5S 1A4Canada

A user-programmable computational/control platform was developed at the University of Toronto that offers real-time hybrid simulation （RTHS） capabilities. The platform was verified previously using several linear physical substructures. The study presented in this paper is focused on further validating the RTHS platform using a nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic damper that has displacement, frequency and temperature-dependent properties. The validation study includes damper component characterization tests, as well as RTHS of a series of single-degree-of-freedom （SDOF） systems equipped with viscoelastic-plastic dampers that represent different structural designs. From the component characterization tests, it was found that for a wide range of excitation frequencies and friction slip loads, the tracking errors are comparable to the errors in RTHS of linear spring systems. The hybrid SDOF results are compared to an independently validated thermal- mechanical viscoelastic model to further validate the ability for the platform to test nonlinear systems. After the validation, as an application study, nonlinear SDOF hybrid tests were used to develop performance spectra to predict the response of structures equipped with damping systems that are more challenging to model analytically. The use of the experimental performance spectra is illustrated by comparing the predicted response to the hybrid test response of 2DOF systems equipped with viscoelastic-plastic dampers.

关键词： real-time hybrid simulation user-programmable computational/control platform supplemental dampers performance spectra