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Principles to Support Modular Software Construction

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2017年第1期32卷 3-10页

作者： jack B. Dennis Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 U.S.A.

The construction of large software systems is always achieved through assembly of independently written components -- program modules. For these software components to work together, they must share a common set of data types and principles for representing structured data such as arrays of values and files. This common set of tools for creating and operating on data objects is provided by the infrastructure of the computer system： the hardware, operating system and runtime code. Because the nature and properties of these tools are crucial for correct operation of software components and their inter-operation, it is essential to have a precise specification that may be used for verifying correctness of application software on one hand, and to verify correctness of system behavior on the other. We call such a specification a program execution model （PXM）. It is evident that the properties of the PXM implemented by a computer system can have serious impact on the ability of application programmers to practice modular software construction. This paper discusses the concept of program execution models and presents a set of principles that a PXM must satisfy to provide a sound basis for modular software construction. Because parallel program execution on computer systems with many processing units is an essential part of contemporary computing environments, the expression of parallelism and modular software construction using components involving parallel operations is included in this treatment. The conclusion is that it is possible to build computer systems that implement a PXM within which any parallel program may be used, unmodified, as a component for building more substantial parallel programs.

关键词： program execution model data flow model codelet abstract architecture parallel computing

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Sunway Taihu light supercomputer makes its appearance

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National Science review 2016年第3期3卷 265-266页

作者： jack Dongarra Innovative Computing laboratory EECS DepartmentUniversity of Tennessee

The Sunway Taihu light System[1] is very impressive with over 10 million cores and a peak performance of just over 125 Pflop/*** Top500 list has the Sunway Taihu light as the fastest *** Sunway is almost three times(2... 详细信息

关键词： Bell Sunway Taihu light supercomputer makes its appearance high ACC

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Disturbance cue communication is shaped by emitter diet and receiver background risk in Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zoology 2022年第4期68卷 433-440页

作者： jack A Goldman Adam l Crane laurence E A Feyten Emily Collins Grant E Brown Department of Biology Concordia University7141 Sherbrooke Street WestMontrealQCCanada H4B 1R6

In animal communication systems,individuals that detect a cue(i.e.,“receivers”)are often influenced by characteristics of the cue *** instance,in many species,receivers avoid chemical cues that are released by emitters experiencing *** chemical“disturbance cues”appear to benefit receivers by warning them about nearby danger,such as a predator’s *** the active ingredients in disturbance cues have been largely unexplored,by-products of metabolized protein are thought to play a role for some *** so,the content(quality)and volume(quantity)of the emitter’s diet should affect their disturbance cues,thus altering how receivers perceive the cues and *** Poecilia reticulata are a species known to discriminate among disturbance cues from different types of donors,but dietary variation has yet to be *** this study,we found evidence that diet quality and quantity can affect disturbance cues released by guppy emitters(i.e.,experimental“donors”).receivers discriminated between donor cue treatments,responding more strongly to cues from donors fed a protein-rich bloodworm diet(Experiment 1),as well as an overall larger diet(Experiment 2).We also found that receivers exposed to higher background risk were more sensitive to disturbance cue variation,with the strongest avoidance responses displayed by high-risk receivers toward disturbance cues from donors fed the high-quality ***,diet,and perhaps protein specifically,affects either the concentration or composition of disturbance cues released by *** variation may be important in information signaling in social species like the guppy.

关键词： alarm cues chemical cues diet quality diet quantity protein

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U盘记忆史

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环球科学 2024年第6期 40-41页

作者：杰克·帕森斯不详

在20年前,一种革命性的小工具诞生了,如今它十分普及,我们在使用电脑时经常会用到它。这就是USB闪存盘,也被称为U盘、闪盘,是一种可以存储与传输数据的便携设备。顾名思义,USB闪存盘巧妙地结合了两种技术:名为通用串行总线(USB)的传输协... 详细信息

在20年前,一种革命性的小工具诞生了,如今它十分普及,我们在使用电脑时经常会用到它。这就是USB闪存盘,也被称为U盘、闪盘,是一种可以存储与传输数据的便携设备。顾名思义,USB闪存盘巧妙地结合了两种技术:名为通用串行总线(USB)的传输协议,以及名为闪存的存储技术。

关键词： U盘便携设备存储技术传输协议闪盘闪存 USB闪存盘传输数据

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谁条死了恐龙?

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环球科学 2024年第8期 36-39页

作者：杰克·帕森斯不详

从史前寄生虫到古老的空气传播疾病,都有可能导致这些庞然大物死亡。陆地上,霸王龙会猎杀三角龙;天空中,翼龙会俯冲而下捕食小动物;海洋里,沧龙统治了同时代的海洋。这些强大的食肉动物在我们想象中的恐龙时代所向披靡,但还有一个更大... 详细信息

从史前寄生虫到古老的空气传播疾病,都有可能导致这些庞然大物死亡。陆地上,霸王龙会猎杀三角龙;天空中,翼龙会俯冲而下捕食小动物;海洋里,沧龙统治了同时代的海洋。这些强大的食肉动物在我们想象中的恐龙时代所向披靡,但还有一个更大的威胁经常被人忽略,那就是疾病。这种无形的敌人会悄无声息地发动攻击,在中生代杀死的生物比其他任何生物都要多。恐龙跟我们一样,也要呼吸和进食,当然也会生病。

关键词：空气传播三角龙恐龙生物寄生虫海洋

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Optimizing dietary lipid use to improve essential fatty acid status and reproductive performance of the modern lactating sow:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 272-289页

作者： David S.rosero r.Dean Boyd jack Odle Eric van Heugten The Hanor Company FranklinKY 42134USA Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Dietary lipid supplementation benefits the prolific and high-producing modern lactating sow. A comprehensive review of recent studies showed that lipid supplementation increases average daily energy intake, which is partitioned for lactation as indicated by greater milk fat output and improved litter growth rate. recent compelling findings showed that addition of particular lipids during lactation improved the subsequent reproductive outcome of sows. Such benefits were related to the level of dietary essential fatty acids（EFA, linoleic acid, C18：2n-6; and α-linolenic acid, C18：3n-3） during lactation. lactation diets without supplemental EFA resulted in a pronounced negative balance（intake minus milk output） of linoleic（-25.49 g/d） and α-linolenic acid（-2.75 g/d）; which compromised sow fertility（farrowing rate 〈 75 % and culling rates 〉 25 % of weaned sows）. This phenomenon seems to be increasingly important with advancing sow age because of a progressive reduction of body EFA pool over successive lactations. The net effect of supplemental EFA during lactation was to create a positive EFA balance, which improved the subsequent reproduction of sows. Adequate linoleic acid intake improved the proportion of sows that farrowed in the subsequent cycle（Farrowing rate（%） = [（-1.5 × 10^-3× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2）＋（0.53 × linoleic acid intake（g/d））＋（45.2）]; quadratic P = 0.002, r^2= 0.997, rMSE = 0.031）. In addition, increasing linoleic acid intake increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle（total pigs born（n） = [（9.4 × 10^-5× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2）＋（0.04 × linoleic acid intake（g/d））＋（10.94）]; quadratic P = 0.002, r^2= 0.997, rMSE = 0.031）. Supplemental α-linolenic acid resulted in a rapid return to estrus（sows bred： sows weaned = 94.2 %; wean-to-estrus interval = 4.0 d） and achieved a high retention of pregnancy（sows pregnant： sows bred = 98 %）. Collectively, we conclude that a minimum dietary intake of10 g/d of α-linolenic acid, simultaneous wit

关键词： Essential fatty acids lactating sow Subsequent reproduction Supplemental lipids

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The Impact of Sea level rise on roadway Design and Evacuation routes in Delaware

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American Journal of Climate Change（美国气候变化期刊） 2024年第1期 69页

作者： jack Palevich Ardeshir Faghri Ahmet Karakurt

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Building geospatial infrastructure

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第1期23卷 1-9页

作者： jack Dangermond Michael F.Goodchild Esri RedlandsCAUSA Department of Geography University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA

Many visions for geospatial technology have been advanced over the past half *** researchers saw the handling of geospatial data as the major problem to be *** vision of geographic information systems arose as an early international *** visions included spatial data infrastructure,Digital Earth,and a nervous system for the *** accelerating advances in information technology,a new vision is needed that reflects today’s focus on open and multimodal access,sharing,engagement,the Web,Big Data,artificial intelligence,and data *** elaborate on the concept of geospatial infrastructure,and argue that it is essential if geospatial technology is to contribute to the solution of problems facing humanity.

关键词： Spatial data handling National Spatial Data Infrastructure Digital Earth Big Data citizen engagement

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Omphalocele Diagnosis Problem in rural Environment

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Surgical Science 2024年第8期15卷 501-506页

作者： Kanté Sékou Diallo Siaka Touré Cheick Amed Sékou Ousmane I. Touré Coulibaly Ibrahim Traoré Drissa Bengaly Brehima Sanogo Soulemane Togola Birama Ouattara Drissa Saye jack Ongoïba Nouhoum Koumaré Abdel Karim Service de Chirurgie B CHU Point G Bamako Mali Facult de Mdecine de lUSTTB Bamako Mali

Introduction: An omphalocele is a congenital malformation due to a failure of closure of the umbilical ring with exteriorization of the abdominal viscera covered by the translucent and avascular amniotic membrane. We report a case of giant omphalocele unrecognized at birth followed by a review of the literature. Observation: This was a 4-year-old girl admitted to the department for umbilical swelling that had been present since birth. Clinical and paraclinical examinations made it possible to objectivize a post-omphalocele hernia with hepatic content plus ectopic accession of the left ureter, the surgical procedure consisted of reintroducing the liver associated with a cure of the hernia + ureterovesical reimplantation. Conclusion: Omphalocele is a congenital malformation, antenatal diagnosis is possible during morphological ultrasound from the 12th week.

关键词： Omphalocele Ectopic left Ureter

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Urinary biomarkers for prostate cancer： a review

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 333-339页

作者： Daphne Hessels jack A Schalken NovioGendix BV Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands Department of Urology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen 6500 HB The Netherlands

Although the routine use of serum prostate-specific antigen （PSA） testing has undoubtedly increased prostate cancer （PCa） detection, one of its main drawbacks is its lack of specificity. As a consequence, many men undergo unnecessary biopsies or treatments for indolent tumours. PCa-specific markers are needed for the early detection of the disease and the prediction of aggressiveness of a prostate tumour. Since PCa is a heterogeneous disease, a panel of tumour markers is fundamental for a more precise diagnosis. Several biomarkers are promising due to their specificity for the disease in tissue. However, tissue is unsuitable as a possible screening tool. Since urine can be easily obtained in a non-invasive manner, it is a promising substrate for biomarker testing. This article reviews the biomarkers for the non-invasive testing of PCa in urine.

关键词： biomarkers diagnosis prostate cancer (PCa) urinary biomarkers urine

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