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Ketamine use disorder:preclinical,clinical,and neuroimaging evidence to support proposed mechanisms of actions

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第2期2卷 61-68页

作者： leah Vines Diana Sotelo Allison Johnson Evan Dennis Peter Manza Nora D.Volkow Gene-jack Wang laboratory of Neuroimaging National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of Health10 Center DrRm B2L124BethesdaMarylandUnited States

Ketamine,a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptor antagonist,has been exclusively used as an anesthetic in medicine and has led to new insights into the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric *** studies have shown that low subanesthetic doses of ketamine produce antidepressant effects for individuals with ***,its use as a treatment for psychiatric disorders has been limited due to its reinforcing effects and high potential for diversion and *** studies have focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ketamine’s antidepressant effects,but a precise mechanism had yet to be *** we review different hypotheses for ketamine’s mechanism of action including the direct inhibition and disinhibition of NMDA receptors,aminomethylphosphonic acid receptors(AMPAR)activation,and heightened activation of monoaminergic *** proposed mechanisms are not mutually exclusive,and their combined influence may exert the observed structural and functional neural *** term use of ketamine induces brain structural,functional impairments,and neurodevelopmental effects in both rodents and *** misuse has increased rapidly in the past 20 years and is one of the most common addictive drugs used in *** proposed mechanisms of action and supporting neuroimaging data allow for the development of tools to identify‘biotypes’of ketamine use disorder(KUD)using machine learning approaches,which could inform intervention and treatment.

关键词： Ketamine Neuroimaging N-methyl-D-aspartate Dopamine Serotonin Glutamatergic Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Multi-Segmental Osteocutaneous Free Fibula Flap for Three-Dimensional Post-Traumatic Thumb and Wrist Reconstruction

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2023年第1期13卷 23-31页

作者： jack D. Sudduth Shireen Dogar Narges l. Horriat Marc E. Walker Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA

Thumb reconstruction following a traumatic injury challenge depends on the extent of the injury. Ideally, reconstruction should restore thumb length and position and retain thumb stability, mobility, and strength, while preserving sensation and aesthetics. Achieving these outcomes can be especially challenging in severe cases of soft tissue and bony loss. The authors present a case of a 20-year-old right-hand dominant female involved in a motor vehicle accident who sustained severe crush injuries and burns to her right hand. Her injuries included soft tissue and bony defects extending from the thumb to the distal radius, namely avulsion of the thumb and significant loss of the distal radial and carpal column, resulting in severe wrist instability. We employed a three-segment vascularized osteocutaneous fibula flap to reconstruct the thumb and wrist to restore bony construct, carpal support, and soft tissue coverage. Thumb motion could not be achieved, but this technique offered a sensate, functional post for opposition and the appearance of an anatomic hand. Because of this surgery, the patient was enabled to graduate from college and pursue full-time employment. The authors hope that this report will add to the fund of knowledge and surgeon armamentarium for similar devastating injuries demanding thumb and wrist reconstruction.

关键词： Thumb Reconstruction Wrist Reconstruction Microvascular Reconstruction Free Fibula Flap Thumb Amputation

^(68)Gallium-labelled PSMA-PET/CT as a diagnostic and clinical decision-making tool in Asian prostate cancer patients following prostatectomy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第1期16卷 157-165页

作者： Janice S.H.Tan Charles X.Y.Goh Yen Sin Koh Youquan li Jeffrey K.l.Tuan Eu Tiong Chua Terence W.K.Tan Michael l.C.Wang lui Shiong lee Kae jack Tay Ravindran Kanesvaran Chee Keong Toh Aaron K.T.Tong Winnie W.C.lam Melvin l.K.Chua Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Singapore General Hospital Radiological Sciences Academic Clinical Programme Duke-NUS Medical School Oncology Academic Clinical Programme Duke-NUS Medical School Department of Urology Singapore General Hospital Department of Surgery Sengkang General Hospital Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Division of Medical Sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore

Objective: Prostate cancers(PCa) in Asian individuals are molecularly distinct from those found in their Caucasian *** is no risk stratification tool for Asian men with rapid biochemical recurrence(BCR) following radical prostatectomy(Rad P). This study aims to assess the detection rate of ^(68)Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PSMA-PET/CT) for diagnosis of clinical recurrence and as a treatment decision making tool in Asian patients with BCR post-Rad ***: ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET and CT body with/without bone scan [conventional workup(CWU)] were performed in 55 Asian patients with BCR within 36 months post-Rad P. Two blinded reviewers assessed the images. Detection rates of ^(68)Ga PSMAPET/CT were evaluated, and impact on management was reviewed by comparison with ***: Median time to BCR post-Rad P was 8.1 months. Detection rate for ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET/CT was 80%(44/55). A positive scan was significantly associated with increasing prostate-specific antigen(PSA) level [odds ratio(OR) = 1.13(95% CI 1.05–1.30), P =0.017], but not with higher Gleason grade or shorter PSA doubling time. Compared to CWU, ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET/CT detected an additional 106 lesions in 33/44 patients with a positive scan, resulting in a change in management in 25/44(56.8%) patients: 10 to hormonal therapy(HT) and whole pelvis radiotherapy(RT) in addition to bed RT, and 15 to palliative HT ***: In the present report, we demonstrated the diagnostic and treatment decision utility of ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET/CT in Asian men with rapid BCR. Detection of small volume nodal and systemic recurrences at low PSA levels(l) highlights the role of the tool in assigning patients to treatment intensification with HT-RT or palliative HT in polymetastatic disease.

关键词： ^68Ga PSMA PET/CT prostate cancer Asian diagnostic recurrence prostatectomy salvage radiotherapy

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马丁·伊登

Short-term Intensive Sustainable Restoration of Grasslands and Prairies Invaded with High Densities of Nitrogen-fixing Weeds： A Test with the Invasive Plant lespedeza Cuneata

2016年

作者： jack london[]

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2016年第5期5卷 254-260页

作者： jack Comell Alexander Wait Biology Department Missouri State University Springfield MO 65897 USA

This study examines a management strategy for restoring grassland and prairie communities that have become degraded due to high density stands of invasive nitrogen-fixing plants. The novel management applications minimize the use of herbicides and maximize the competitive interactions of native species. The management method includes two seasons of application of organic fertilizer （4-1-4）, an initial herbicide （Pasture Gard, Dow Agro） application, and mowing, where mowing was a necessary treatment to control secondary growth in prairie habitats, to control high density patches of lespedeza （l.） Cuneata, in a completely randomized factorial experiment. The herbicide was effective in reducing l. Cuneate stem density 0 stems/m^2 from an initial 88 stems/m^2 with cover reduced to 0% from 16%. The fertilizer only treatment reduced l. Cuneata percent cover to 6% from initial cover of 16%, but did not reduce the number of stems. The management strategy is an effective fast step in restoring a native prairie invaded by a nitrogen-fixing plant.

关键词： legumes nitrogen-fixing plants lespedeza Cuneata prairie/grassland restoration invasive species sustainable management.

Influence of Film Casting Method on Block Copolymer Ordering in Thin Films

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Influence of Film Casting Method on Block Copolymer Ordering...

2013年全国高分子学术论文报告会

作者： Xiaohua Zhang jack F.Douglas Ronald l.Jones Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research Soochow University Polymers Division National Institute of Standards and Technology

＜正＞We study the orientation of the cylinder phase of the block copolymer（BCP） poly（styrene-block-methylmethacrylate）（PS-b-PMMA） in thin spun-cast *** hypothesize that the slow solvent evaporation of the flow-coated films leads to films having higher residual stresses than spun-cast films because of a relatively inhibited transport of the solvent out of the film during drying,and annealing measurements on both types of cast films provide supporting evidence that the BCP surface morphology change is associated with residual stresses within the films.

关键词： block copolymer thin films self-assembling residual stress

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剑桥国际英语教程学生用书入门级第3版

2007年

作者： jack C. Richards

本书包括16个单元，课时安排为大约70-120学时。本书按照主题分类，单元练习分为话题性和功能性两类；每2个单元之后有一个复习单元。

ISBN: (纸本)7560062288

本书包括16个单元，课时安排为大约70-120学时。本书按照主题分类，单元练习分为话题性和功能性两类；每2个单元之后有一个复习单元。

关键词：英语教材

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奇妙的夜行动物

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2020年第3期 25-28,56,52,53页

作者： jack l.Smith 不详

有些动物在白天是清醒的,有些则是在夜里才清醒:蝙蝠是夜行动物.在白天,它们会倒挂在阴暗的地方。它们在夜里才会出来猎取食物。许多蝙蝠都吃昆虫,例如蚊子。大多数的蝙蝠视力都不好,但听力非常好。它们可以凭借声音找到食物。蝙蝠是非... 详细信息

有些动物在白天是清醒的,有些则是在夜里才清醒:蝙蝠是夜行动物.在白天,它们会倒挂在阴暗的地方。它们在夜里才会出来猎取食物。许多蝙蝠都吃昆虫,例如蚊子。大多数的蝙蝠视力都不好,但听力非常好。它们可以凭借声音找到食物。蝙蝠是非常了不起的动物!

关键词：蝙蝠了不起夜行动物食物

Disubstituted piperazine analogues of trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine and methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine: analytical differentiation and serotonin receptor binding studies

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Forensic Sciences Research 2018年第2期3卷 161-169页

作者： jack DeRuiter Ashleigh Van Cleave Audinei de Sousa Moura Younis Abiedalla C.Randall Clark Department of Drug Discovery and Development Harrison School of PharmacyAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA Department of Pharmacy Federal University of PiauiTeresinaBrazil Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Medicinal ChemistryOmar Al-Mukhtar UniversityEl-BeidaLibya

A series of N,N-disubstituted piperazines were synthesized containing the structural elements of both methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBP) and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP)in a single *** six potential designer drug molecules having a regioisomeric relationship were compared in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy and serotonin receptor affinity *** compounds were separated by capillary gas chromatography on an Rxi(R)-17Sil MS stationary phase film and the elution order appears to be determined by the position of aromatic ring *** majority of electron ionization mass spectral fragment ions occur via processes initiated by one of the two nitrogen atoms of the piperazine *** major electron ionization mass spectrometry (El-MS) fragment ions observed in all six of these regioisomeric substances occur at m/z =364,229,163 and *** relative intensity of the various fragment ions is also equivalent in each of the six El-MS *** vapour phase infrared spectra provide a number of absorption bands to differentiate among the six individual compounds on this regioisomeric ***,the mass spectra place these compounds into a single group and the vapour phase infrared spectra differentiate among the six regioisomeric *** of the TFMPP-MDBP regioisomers displayed significant binding to 5-HT2B receptors and in contrast to 3-TFMPP,most of these TFMPP-MDBP isomers did not show significant binding at 5-HT1 receptor *** the 3-TFMPP-3,4-MDBP (Compound 5) isomer displayed affinity comparable to 3-TFMPP at 5-HT1A receptors (Ki =188 nmol/l).

关键词： Forensic science forensic toxicology gas chromatography-mass spectrometry gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy regioisomers receptors serotonin disubstituted piperazines