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Experimental and theoretical analysis of loading characteristics of electret filter media for charged particles

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 87-98页

作者： Yiqi cai Rongrong cai Lizhi Zhang Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation of Education Ministry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

The degradation of filtration performance in electret filter media during usage poses a significant challenge. Pre-charging of aerosols has been identified as an effective method to mitigate this issue. However, the effects of particle charging characteristics on the loading characteristics of electret filters still need a comprehensive understanding. In this study, a needle-cylinder corona charger was employed to pre-charge aerosols, and the particle charge state was determined by multiphysics simulation. The effects of particle charge polarity and charge quantity on the loading performance of the electret filter were quantitatively investigated. The results showed that the particle charge polarity had a negligible impact on the loading performance under the condition of the equivalent particle charge quantity. In addition, the charged particles effectively improved the efficiency degradation during the loading process of electret media, with higher charge quantities resulting in more pronounced improvements. The electrostatic attenuation factor showed a negative exponential correlation with the particle charge quantity. This was attributed to the uneven particle deposition on fiber surface due to the attraction of charged particles by the opposite charges on the electret fibers, which alleviated the effect of electrostatic shielding.

关键词： Electret filter Charged particles Loadingcharacteristic Corona charging Electrostatic screening

Granger causal representation learning for groups of time series

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 56-68页

作者： Ruichu cai Yunjin WU xiaokai HUANG Wei CHEN Tom Z.j.FU Zhifeng HAO School of Computer Science Guangdong University of Technology Peng Cheng Laboratory College of Science Shantou University

Discovering causality from multivariate time series is an important but challenging *** existing methods focus on estimating the Granger causal structures among multivariate time series,while ignoring the prior knowledge of these time series, e.g., the group of the time series. Focusing on discovering the Granger causal structures among groups of time series, we propose a Granger causal representation learning method to solve this problem. First, we use the multiset canonical correlation analysis method to learn the Granger causal representation of each group of time series. Then, we model the Granger causal relationships among the learned Granger causal representations using a recurrent neural network with temporal information. Finally, we formulate the above two stages into one unified optimization problem, which is efficiently solved using the augmented Lagrangian method. We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Granger causal discovery Granger causal representation learning time series data recurrent neural network multiset canonical correlation analysis

Optimized silicon fertilization regime weakens cadmium translocation and increases its biotransformation in rice tissues

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The Crop journal 2024年第4期12卷 1041-1053页

作者： Bogui Pan Yixia cai Kunzheng cai jihui Tian Wei Wang College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture Guangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina College of Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina

In acidic paddy fields of South China,rice(Oryza sativa L.)faces the dual challenges of cadmium(Cd)toxicity and silicon(Si)*** previous studies have highlighted the functions of Si application timing and strategies in mitigating Cd-stressed rice,the precise mechanisms underlying the health restoration of Cd-toxic rice and the assurance of grain safety remain *** study explored Cd translocation and detoxification in the shoots of rice regulated by various Si fertilization regimes:Si(T)(all Si added before transplanting),Si(j)(all Si added at jointing),and Si(Tj)(half Si added both before transplanting and at jointing).The findings revealed that the regime of Si(Tj)was more beneficial to rice health and grain safety than Si(T)and Si(j).The osmotic regulators such as proline,soluble sugars,and soluble proteins were significantly boosted by Si(Tj)compared to other Si treatments,and which enhanced membrane integrity,balanced intracellular pH,and increased Cd tolerance of ***,Si(Tj)was more effective than Si(T)and Si(j)on the Cd sequestration in the cell wall,Cd bio-passivation,and the down-regulated expression of the Cd transport *** concentrations of Cd in the xylem and phloem treated with Si(Tj)were reduced ***,Si(Tj)facilitated much more Cd bound with the outer layer proteins of grains,and promoted Cd chelation and complexation by phytic acid,phenolics,and ***,Si(Tj)outperformed Si(T)and Si(j)in harmonizing the phycological processes,inhibiting Cd translocation,and enhancing Cd detoxification in rice *** the split Si application strategy offers potential for reducing Cd toxicity in rice grain.

关键词： Cadmium Silicon Growth stages Translocation and accumulation Rice Safe production

Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs):molecular mechanisms of induction and applications

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2065-2090页

作者： jonas Cerneckis Hongxia cai Yanhong Shi Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Irell&Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA

The induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)technology has transformed in vitro research and holds great promise to advance regenerative *** have the capacity for an almost unlimited expansion,are amenable to genetic engineering,and can be differentiated into most somatic cell *** have been widely applied to model human development and diseases,perform drug screening,and develop cell *** this review,we outline key developments in the iPSC field and highlight the immense versatility of the iPSC technology for in vitro modeling and therapeutic *** begin by discussing the pivotal discoveries that revealed the potential of a somatic cell nucleus for reprogramming and led to successful generation of *** consider the molecular mechanisms and dynamics of somatic cell reprogramming as well as the numerous methods available to induce ***,we discuss various iPSC-based cellular models,from mono-cultures of a single cell type to complex three-dimensional organoids,and how these models can be applied to elucidate the mechanisms of human development and *** use examples of neurological disorders,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and cancer to highlight the diversity of disease-specific phenotypes that can be modeled using iPSC-derived *** also consider how iPSC-derived cellular models can be used in high-throughput drug screening and drug toxicity ***,we discuss the process of developing autologous and allogeneic iPSC-based cell therapies and their potential to alleviate human diseases.

关键词： mechanisms programming holds

Multistage hydraulic fracturing of a horizontal well for hard roof related coal burst control:Insights from numerical modelling to field application

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第8期34卷 1095-1114页

作者： jiaxin Zhuang Zonglong Mu Wu cai Hu He Lee j.Hosking Guojun xi Biao jiao jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Mine Earthquake Monitoring and Prevention Xuzhou 221116China School of Mines China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources Xuzhou 221116China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Brunel University LondonUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUK Shaanxi Binchang Hujiahe Mining Company Limited Xianyang 713602China

Multistage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells(MFHW)is a promising technology for controlling coal burst caused by thick and hard roofs in ***,challenges remain regarding the MFHW control mechanism of coal burst and assessment of the associated fracturing *** this study,these challenges were investigated through numerical modelling and field applications,based on the actual operating parameters of MFHW for hard roofs in a Chinese coal mine.A damage parameter(D)is proposed to assess the degree of hydraulic fracturing in the *** mechanisms and effects of MFHW for controlling coal burst are analyzed using microseismic(MS)data and front-abutment stress *** show that the degree of fracturing can be categorized into lightly-fractured(D≤0.3),moderately fractured(0.3

关键词： Coal burst Multistage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells Mining-induced seismicity Mining-induced stress Effectiveness evaluation

Linkage Between European and East Asian Heatwaves on Synoptic Scales

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journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第2期30卷 97-105页

作者：蔡奋颖刘彩红杨崧邓开强 KURTHS jürgen School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)ZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Department of Complexity Science Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research(PIK)Member of the Leibniz AssociationPotsdam 14473 Germany Department of Water and Climate Risk Institute for Environmental StudiesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam 1087HV Netherlands Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Department of Physics Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin 12489 Germany

Concurrent extreme weather events in geographically distant areas potentially cause high-end risks for *** using network analysis,the present study managed to identify significant nearly-simultaneous occurrences of heatwaves between the grid cells in East Asia and Eastern Europe,even though they are geographically far away from each *** further composite analysis,this study revealed that hot events first occurred in Eastern Europe,typically with a time lag of3-4 days before the East Asian heatwave *** eastward propagating atmospheric wave train,known as the circumglobal teleconnection(CGT)pattern,bridged the sequent occurrences of extreme events in these two remote *** blockings,amplified by surface warming over Eastern Europe,not only enhanced local heat extremes but also excited a CGT-like pattern characterized by alternative anomalies of high and low *** downstream anticyclones in the middle and upper troposphere reduced local cloud cover and increased downward solar radiation,thereby facilitating the formation of heatwaves over East *** half of East Asian heatwave events were preceded by Eastern European heatwave events in the 10-day time range before East Asian heatwave *** investigation of heatwave teleconnection in the two distant regions exhibits strong potential to improve the prediction accuracy of East Asian heatwaves.

关键词： concurrent heatwaves Eastern Europe East Asia circum-global teleconnection pattern

Tributyltin causes generational neurodevelopmental toxicity and the protective effect of folic acid in zebrafish

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 615-625页

作者： Haoxing cai Naying Zheng Chen Tang Yuxuan Zhang Zhenghong Zuo Chengyong He State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Life SciencesXiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Tributyltin(TBT),a common organotin environmental pollutant,may pose a threat to human development during critical early-life *** aimed to assess the neurodevelopmental intergenerational toxicity of early-life exposure to TBT and the protective effect of DNA methyl donor folic acid(FA).Specifically,after early-life exposure(1–21 days postfertilization,dpf)to TBT(0,1,10 and 100 ng/L),zebrafish(Danio rerio)were cultured in clean medium until sexual *** exposed females were mated with unexposed males to produce embryos(F1).The F1 generation were cultured(4–120 hours post-fertilization,hpf)with and without 1 mmol/L *** neurotoxic effects of early-life TBT exposure for zebrafish and their offspring(F1)were significantly enhanced anxiety and reduced aggression,decreased gene expression of DNA methyltransferase in the brain and increased serotonin levels in the ***,the intergenerational neurodevelopmental toxicity,as manifested in the F1 generation,was attenuated by FA *** summary,early-life TBT exposure led to intergenerational neurodevelopmental deficits in zebrafish,and DNA methyl donors had a protective effect on F1 neurodevelopment,which can inform the prevention and treatment of intergenerational neurotoxicity due to organotin pollutants.

关键词： Tributyltin Neurodevelopment Intergeneration DNA methylation Folic acid Zebrafish

Experimental Study of Fuel-Air Mixing and Dilution jets on Outlet Temperature Distribution in a Small Gas Turbine Combustor

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journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1883-1896页

作者： cai Wenzhe WU jing HU Yingqi YANG Zhiqiang xUE xin LIN Yuzhen National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics Research Institute of Aero-EngineBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Power Machinery Beijing 100074China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Experimental analysis was conducted to study the impact of fuel-air mixing and dilution jet on the temperature distribution in a small gas turbine combustor using various optical diagnostic *** strength and velocity of the swirler at the venturi exit were adjusted to modify the fuel-air mixture,which is presumed to dominate the heat release of the main combustion ***,the dilution hole configuration,including the number and size of the holes,was varied to investigate the dilution effect on outlet temperature *** optical diagnostic techniques,such as particle image velocimetry,planar Mie scattering,and OH~*chemiluminescence,were used to measure the flow field,fuel spray distribution,and flame structure,respectively.A reduction in swirling strength led to a decrease in the average flow rate in the throat,which improved the structure and symmetry of the axial vortex system in the sleeve,enhanced the mixing of fuel and gas in the dome swirling air,and ultimately,improved the temperature uniformity of the heat release *** to larger and sparse dilution jets,smaller and dense dilution jets tended to generate hot spots shifted towards the radial middle area.

关键词： small gas turbine combustor fuel-air mixing outlet temperature distribution dilution jet laser diagnostics

Accurate characterization of bubble mixing uniformity in a circular region using computational geometric theory

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 149-159页

作者： Hui Sun jianxin xu Shibo Wang Guangcheng cai Hua Wang Wuliang Yin State Key Laboratory ofComplex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650093China bFaulty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650093China Faculty of Science Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650500China Department of Elec.and Electronic Engineering.University of Manchester ManchesterM139PL UK

The present study proposes a novel method based on the geometric theory for measuring the distribution of bubble swarms in the circular region of a direct-contact heat *** was determined that the mixing is uniform when the average distance between the bubble swarms in the unit circular region is approximately 0.9054,which is the standard reference *** effect of sample size(i.e.,the number of bubbles)on mixing uniformity was investigated to determine the optimal sample *** was verified that the metric's accuracy and stability were higher with a sample size of ***,it was proposed to increase the sample size by filling irregular bubbles using a segmentation method,which enabled a further accurate assessment of the mixing *** mixing uniformity of bubble swarms in the circular region and its maximum internal connection with the square region was accurately *** was revealed that the relative average error increased by approximately 3.47% due to information *** proposed method was demonstrated to be rotationally *** present study provided novel insights into evaluating mixing uniformity,which would guide enhanced heat transfer and the effective evaluation of the spatiotemporal characteristics of transient mixing in circular regions or the cross-sections of chemical transport pipelines.

关键词： Direct-contact heat exchanger Circular region Bubble swarm Distribution uniformity AD-Circle method