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A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.Victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel jiménez-López jose M.Moyano j.vier del ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

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On the friction and adhesion hysteresis between polymer brushes attached to curved surfaces: Rate and solvation effects

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Friction 2015年第2期3卷 148-160页

作者： Sissi de BEER G.DjuidjéKENMOÉ Martin H.MÜser Materials Science and Technology of Polymers MESA+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE Enschedethe Netherlands jülich Supercomputing Centre Institute for Advanced Simulation FZ jülich 52425 JülichGermany Department of Physics Laboratory of Mechanics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéP.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon

Computer simulations of friction between polymer brushes are usually simplified compared to real systems in terms of solvents and *** most simulations,the solvent is only implicit with infinite compressibility and zero *** addition,the model geometries are parallel walls rather than curved or rough as in *** this work,we study the effects of these approximations and more generally the relevance of solvation on dissipation in polymer-brush systems by comparing simulations based on different solvation *** find that the rate dependence of the energy loss during the collision of brush-bearing asperities can be different for explicit and implicit ***,the non-Newtonian rate dependences differ noticeably between normal and transverse motion,i.e.,between head-on and off-center asperity ***,when the two opposing brushes are made immiscible,the friction is dramatically reduced compared to an undersaturated miscible polymer-brush system,irrespective of the sliding direction.

关键词： polymer brushes biomimetic materials molecular dynamics simulation

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Phenotypic and genomic relationships between vulva score categories and reproductive performance in first-parity sows

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 479-491页

作者： Flor-Anita Corredor Leticia P.Sanglard jason W.Ross Aileen F.Keating Richard j.Leach Nick V.L.serão Department of Animal Science Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Iowa Pork Industry Center Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background:One of the biggest challenges in the swine industry is to increase female reproductive ***,vulva score categories(VSC),assessed prior to puberty,has been proposed as an indicator trait of efficient reproductive performance in *** objective of this study was to validate the use of VSC as an indicator trait for reproductive performance,and to perform genetic and genomic analyses for ***:The phenotypic relationship of VSC,using a three-point scale:small(VSC-S),medium(VSC-M),and large(VSC-L),on reproductive performance was evaluated on three *** was measured at 15 weeks of age,for farms 1 and 2,and at 14 weeks of age for farm 3 on 3981 Yorkshire gilts,in which 1083 had genotypes(~50 K SNPs).Genetic parameters for VSC with reproductive traits were estimated using ssGBLUP.A Genome-wide association study(GWAS)for VSC was performed using ***:For the phenotypic analysis of VSC across datasets,differences in performance were identified there was a significant effect(P≤0.05)for the interaction between Farm and VSC for total number dead(TND),and a trend(Pservices until first farrow(NS;0.69±0.38)and unique service with successful first farrow(SFS;−0.71±0.38)for farm *** genomic regions

关键词： Genetic parameters GWAS Reproduction Swine Vulva

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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期 91-98页

作者： j.Pe?as A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil L.Martín A.Reija C.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo j.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio Láser de Aceleración y Aplicaciones RIAIDT Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas y Dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de Salamanca Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are introduced. The assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser irradiations. The automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target, which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel, enables operation at rates up to 10 Hz. Stable and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated, with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

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利用数字孪生技术助力工厂提高生产效率

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现代制造 2023年第S1期 46-47页

作者： jürgen Kläser 不详

随着生产加工过程复杂程度的提高,人们开始借助3D模型确保生产制造过程更高效、更安全可靠,并能大幅缩短生产时间。例如:Okuma公司采用3D虚拟模拟器对机床设备进行了数字孪生的仿真模拟和工艺过程的测试,从而节约了大量的时间和原材料... 详细信息

随着生产加工过程复杂程度的提高,人们开始借助3D模型确保生产制造过程更高效、更安全可靠,并能大幅缩短生产时间。例如:Okuma公司采用3D虚拟模拟器对机床设备进行了数字孪生的仿真模拟和工艺过程的测试,从而节约了大量的时间和原材料。当前,生产制造过程的复杂性和用户需求都在不断提高。基于这一原因,生产过程的数字化和过程模拟的重要性也日益凸显。Okuma公司所开发的数字孪生技术能够在传统生产过程中对真实零部件生产加工的过程提供有益的帮助。

关键词：生产制造过程生产加工过程机床设备 3D模型工艺过程仿真模拟用户需求过程模拟

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MAN公司游艇和工作船用新型6缸发动机

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汽车与新动力 2017年第1期49卷 26-28页

作者： B.Huneke j.Kleesattel S.Lser M.Zundel 李媛媛

MAN公司在量产的D26商用车发动机的基础上开发了1款单位功率质量较小且省油的紧凑型船用发动机——新款D2676发动机。该发动机不仅符合当前的排放标准,也为满足未来排放法规做好了准备。MAN公司有针对性地采用车用发动机标准件和非标准... 详细信息

MAN公司在量产的D26商用车发动机的基础上开发了1款单位功率质量较小且省油的紧凑型船用发动机——新款D2676发动机。该发动机不仅符合当前的排放标准,也为满足未来排放法规做好了准备。MAN公司有针对性地采用车用发动机标准件和非标准件,以可接受的成本开发了经全面验证的船用发动机。

关键词：船用发动机燃烧排放冷却系统

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近场区地面旋转运动研究

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世界地震译丛 2010年第2期41卷 54-71页

作者： M.Stupazzini j.de la Puente C.Smerzini M.Kser H.Igel A.Castellani 袁美巧中国地震局地球物理研究所

在19和20世纪,地震观测者主要记录地震引起的平移波场,而缺乏对旋转运动的观测和研究。我们的目的是进一步认识地面旋转运动及其与平移波场的关系,着重研究离震源几个波长的近场,在那里可能需要考虑与旋转运动有关的破坏。通过收集大量... 详细信息

在19和20世纪,地震观测者主要记录地震引起的平移波场,而缺乏对旋转运动的观测和研究。我们的目的是进一步认识地面旋转运动及其与平移波场的关系,着重研究离震源几个波长的近场,在那里可能需要考虑与旋转运动有关的破坏。通过收集大量已公布的强旋转运动数据,得到了一幅包括可获得的旋转振幅及其变化值的基本图件。为了得到更加详细的图件,我们对在格勒诺布尔谷发生的一个走滑型地震进行了大规模的三维数值研究,通过对那里的地形、震源和场地效应相结合,从而产生了逼真的波场。根据旋转和平移的峰值振幅,以及它们与土壤非线性和震源方向性这两个影响因素的关系,分析了合成数据集。在软土层上测得MW6.0级地震的峰值旋转运动量是1mrad,峰值旋转速率是10mrad/s。这些值很大程度上依赖于震源位置、场地条件和地形特征,这些因素会导致20km内的值发生几乎一个数量级的变化。最后,我们利用峰值地面速度(PGV)和峰值地面旋转量(PGω),对数值模拟的结果和类似条件下通过台阵技术得到的野外资料(帕克菲尔德)进行对比,以研究浅源中等大小地震在近场所预期的平移与旋转运动振幅的关系。我们的数值模拟的结果与过去研究中的观测值拟合良好。再有,PGV/PGω比值的空间变化呈现出一个趋势,而这个趋势与研究所选择模型的速度结构有关。

关键词：旋转运动近场区地面走滑型地震震源位置地形特征数值模拟速度结构

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Comparative morphometric and chemical analyses of phenotypes of two invasive ambrosia beetles （Euwallacea spp.） in the United States

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 647-662页

作者： Yigen Chen Paul L. Dallara Lori j. Nelson Tom W. Coleman Stacy M. Hishinuma Daniel Carrillo Steven j. Seybold Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis USA USDA Forest service Pacific Southwest Research Station Davis USDA Forest service Forest Health Protection San Bemardino California USA Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead Florida USA

The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in Los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has become a major pest of many hardwood trees in urban and wildland forests throughout southern California. PSHB is nearly identical in morphology and life history to the tea shot hole borer （TSHB）, Euwallaceafornicatus, an invasive pest of hardwoods in Florida, USA and many other parts of the world. However, molecular studies have suggested that the taxa are different species. We conducted morphometric and chemical analyses of the pheno- types of Euwallacea sp. collected in southern California （Los Angeles County） and E. fornicatus collected in Florida （Miami-Dade County）. Our analyses indicated that PSHB has 3 larval instars. The third larval instar was separated from the first 2 instars by head capsule width with 0 probability of misclassification. The body length, head width, and pronotal width of PSHB adult males were significantly less than those of females. Head width and pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly less than those of female TSHB. In contrast, body length, and ratio of body length to pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly greater than those of female TSHB. However, females of these 2 species could not be separated completely by these 4 measurements because of the overlapping ranges. Cuticular hydrocarbons detected in both species were exclusively alkanes （i.e., n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, and trimethylalkanes）. Cuticular hydro- carbon profiles of PSHB males and females were similar, but they both differed from that of TSHB females. Cuticular hydrocarbons of PSHB were predominantly internally branched dimethylalkanes with backbones of 31 and 33 carbons, whereas cuticular hydro- carbons of TSHB females were dominated by internally branched monomethylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with backbones of 28 and 29 carbons. Multiple compounds within these classes appear

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbons Euwallaceafornicatus larval instars polyphagousshot hole borer Scolytidae tea shot hole borer

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Stellarins F and G, two new cyclopeptides from Stellaria yunnanensis

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Chinese journal of Chemistry 1995年第6期13卷 552-557页

作者： Zhao, YR Wang, XK Zhou, j Cheng, CX Huang, XL Wu, HM W CHINA UNIV MED SCI SCH PHARMDEPT MED CHEM NAT PRODCHENGDU 610041SICHUANPEOPLES R CHINA CHINESE ACAD SCI KUNMING INST BOTLAB PHYTOCHEMKUNMING 650204YUNNANPEOPLES R CHINA CHINESE ACAD SCI SHANGHAI INST ORGAN CHEMSTATE KEY LAB BIOORGAN CHEM & NAT PRODSHANGHAI 200032PEOPLES R CHINA

In the previous papers, we reported the structural elucidation of stellarins A-E, five new cyclopeptides from the fresh roots of Stellaria yunnanensis Franch. Further chemical study on this plant led to the isolation of two other new cyclopeptide named stellarins F(1) and G(2). By a combination of 2D-NMR, enzymatic degradation and FABMS, their structures were established to by cyclo(Gly-Ala-Gly-ser-Pro-Trp-Phe-Pro) and cyclo(Gly-Ala-Tyr-Leu-Ala), respectively.

关键词： Stellaria yunnanensis caryophyllaceae cyclopeptides stellarins F and G

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The EPSPS Pro106ser substitution solely accounts for glyphosate resistance in a goosegrass(Eleusine indica) population from Tennessee, United States

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第6期15卷 1304-1312页

作者： janel L Huffman Chance W Riggins Lawrence E Steckel Patrick j Tranel Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Plant Sciences University of Tennessee Jackson TN 38301 USA

Previous studies have documented the occurrence of glyphosate-resistant （GR） goosegrass （Eleusine indica （L.） Gaertn.） and, in at least some cases, resistance is due to an altered target site. Research was performed to determine if an altered target site was responsible for GR in a Tennessee, United States goosegrass population （TennGR）. DNA sequencing revealed a mutation in TennGR plants conferring the Prol06ser 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase （EPSPS） substitution previously identified in other GR populations. F2 populations were derived from TennGR plants crossed with plants from a glyphosate-susceptible population （TennGS） and analyzed for their response to glyphosate and genotyped at the EPSPS locus. Plants from the F2 populations segregated 1：2：1 sensitive：intermediate：resistant in response to a selec- tive dose of glyphosate, and these responses co-segregated with the EPSPS genotypes （PP106, PS106, and SS106）. To separately investigate the effect of the Prol06ser substitution on GR, glyphosate dose-response curves and 50% effective dose （EDso） values were compared among the three genotypes and the two parental populations. The SS106 genotype was 3.4-fold resistant relative to the PP106 genotype, identical to the resistance level obtained when comparing the resistant and susceptible parental populations. We conclude that the mutation conferring a Prol06ser EPSPS mutation is solely responsible for GR in the TennGR goosegrass population.

关键词： herbicide resistance monogenic trait glyphosate PCR amplification of specific alleles (PASA) EPSPS target-site mutation

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