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Chemically and biologically activated biochars slow down urea hydrolysis and improve nitrogen use efficiency

Pedosphere 2023年第4期33卷 659-669页

作者： Nazmul H.ANTOR Shamim MIA Md.M.HASAN Nowrose j.LIPI Keiji jINDO Miguel A.sanchez-MONEDERO Md.H.RASHID Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602(Bangladesh) Agrosystems Research Groups Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen 6700 AA(The Netherlands) Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management Spanish National Research Council(CEBAS-CSIC)Murcia 30100(Spain)

Biochar is considered a potential technology to enhance chemical fertilizer use efficiency through intensification of the interactions between nutrients and the functional groups on biochar ***,little is known about how the application of activated biochars mixed with urea influences nitrogen(N)mineralization and crop performance in paddy ***,a sawdust-derived fresh biochar(FBC)(ca.400℃)was activated chemically with 15%hydrogen peroxide and biologically with a nutrient solution mixed with a soil inoculum to obtain a chemically activated biochar(CBC)and a biologically activated biochar(BBC),*** chemical and surface properties of FBC,CBC,and BBC were evaluated using spectroscopic methods,i.e.,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance,and potentiometric charge *** N retention capacity of biochars and their interaction with urea hydrolysis were examined in a laboratory incubation ***,a field experiment was carried out in a paddy field with the biochars unmixed or mixed with urea at a 1:1 *** results showed that negative surface functional groups and negative charges were increased on both activated biochars,especially *** activated biochars contributed to a significant reduction in urea-biochar suspension pH and increased N retention in the incubation *** the enhanced surface properties of the activated biochars,no similar increases in rice biomass and grain yield were observed for these biochars in the field ***,rice biomass,grain yield,apparent N use efficiency,and agronomic N use efficiency were significantly higher with the application of the three biochars compared to no-biochar ***,the results indicate that the application of urea mixed with biochar could enhance crop performance,especially in the case of activated biochar,which would enhance N retention in the soil,reducing N loss.

关键词： chemical property crop yield functionalized biochar nitrogen uptake nutrient use efficiency pyrolysis

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On the simulation of shared autonomous micro-mobility

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Communications in Transportation Research 2022年第1期2卷 104-115页

作者： Naroa Coretti sanchez Inigo Martinez Luis Alonso Pastor Kent Larson MIT Media Lab CambridgeMAUSA University of Navarra San SebastianSpain

Fast urbanization and climate change require innovative systems for an efficient movement of people and goods in *** trends towards vehicle-sharing,autonomous vehicles,and the use of micro-mobility systems gain strength,the intersection of these fields appears as an area of great *** could potentially bring the convenience of on-demand mobility into already prevalent shared micro-mobility systems(SMMS),increasing their efficiency and incentivizing more people to use active mobility *** novelty of introducing autonomous driving technology into SMMS and their inherent complexity requires tools to assess and quantify the potential impact of autonomy on fleet performance and user *** paper presents an ad-hoc agentbased simulator for the assessment of the fleet behavior of autonomous SMMS in realistic scenarios,including a rebalancing system based on demand *** also allows comparing its performance to station-based and dockless *** proposed simulation framework is highly configurable and flexible and works with high resolution and precision geospatial *** results of studies carried out with this simulation tool could provide valuable insights for many stakeholders,including vehicle design engineers,fleet operators,city planners,and governments.

关键词： Future mobility Autonomous vehicles Micro-mobility Agent-basedsimulation Multi-agentsystems

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P-functionalized carbon nanotubes promote highly stable electrocatalysts based on Fe-phthalocyanines for oxygen reduction: Experimental and computational studies

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 276-290,I0008页

作者： Beatriz Martinez-sanchez Diego Cazorla-Amors Emilia Morallon Departamento de Quimica Fisica and Instituto Universitario de Materiales de Alicante(IUMA)University of Alicante Ap.99.03080 AlicanteSpain Departamento de Quimica Inorganica and Instituto Universitario de Materiales de Alicante(IUMA) University of AlicanteAp.9903080 AlicanteSpain

Iron(Ⅱ) phthalocyanines(FePc) supported on functionalized nanostructured carbon materials have been studied as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) in an alkaline medium. Herein, two types of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) have been explored as support, Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Herringbone Carbon Nanotubes(SWCNTs and h CNTs, respectively), both electrochemically modified with ortho-aminophenylphosphonic acid(2APPA), which provides phosphate axial coordinating ligands for the immobilization of FePc molecules. All the catalysts were prepared via a facile incipient wetness impregnation method. Comprehensive experimental analysis together with density functional theory(DFT) calculations has demonstrated both the importance of the five-coordinated Fe macrocycles that favor the interaction between the FePc and the carbon support, as well as the effect of the CNT structure in the ORR. FePc axial coordination provides a better dispersion, leading to higher stability and a favorable electron redistribution that also tunes the ORR performance by lowering the stability of the reaction intermediates. Interestingly, such improvement occurs with a very low content of metal(~1 wt% Fe),which is especially remarkable when h CNT support is employed. This work provides a novel strategy for the development of Fe-containing complexes as precious metal-free catalysts towards the ORR.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Iron phthalocyanine Oxygen reduction Electrocatalysis Axial ligand

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On the performance of shared autonomous bicycles:A simulation study

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Communications in Transportation Research 2022年第1期2卷 116-151页

作者： Naroa Coretti sanchez Inigo Martinez Luis Alonso Pastor Kent Larson MIT Media Lab CambridgeMAUSA University of Navarra San SebastianSpain

As society faces global challenges such as population growth and climate change,rethinking cities is now more imperative than *** design of cities can not be abstracted from the design of their mobility ***,efficient solutions must be found to transport people and goods throughout the city efficiently and *** autonomous bicycle-sharing system would combine the most relevant benefits of vehicle-sharing,autonomy,and micro-mobility,increasing the efficiency and convenience of bicycle-sharing systems and incentivizing more people to bike and enjoy their cities in an environmentally friendly *** to the novelty of introducing autonomous driving technology into bicycle-sharing systems and their inherent complexity,there is a need to quantify the potential impact of autonomy on fleet performance and user *** paper presents the results of an agent-based simulation that provides an in-depth understanding of the fleet behavior of autonomous bicycle-sharing systems in realistic scenarios,including a rebalancing system based on demand *** addition,this work describes the impact of different parameters on system efficiency and service ***,it quantifies the extent to which an autonomous system would outperform current station-based and dockless bicycle-sharing *** obtained results show that with a fleet size three and a half times smaller than a station-based system and eight times smaller than a dockless system,an autonomous system can improve overall performance and user experience even with no rebalancing.

关键词： Future mobility Bicycle-sharing systems Autonomous vehicles Micro-mobility Agent-based simulation Multi-agent systems

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Intraexaminer repeatability and agreement in stereoacuity measurements made in young adults

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第2期8卷 374-381页

作者： Beatriz Antona Ana Barrio Isabel sanchez Enrique Gonzalez Guadalupe Gonzalez Department of Optics II (Optometry and Vision) Faculty of Optics and Optometry Complutense University of Madrid

AIM: To determine the repeatability and agreement of stereoacuity measurements made using some of the most widely used clinical tests: Frisby, TNO, Randot and ***: Stereoacuity was measured in two different sessions separated by a time interval of at least 24 h but no longer than 1wk in 74 subjects of mean age 20.6y using the four methods. The study participants were divided into two groups: subjects with normal binocular vision and subjects with abnormal binocular ***: Best repeatability was shown by the Frisby and Titmus [coefficient of repeatability(COR): ±13 and±12s arc respectively] in the subjects with normal binocular vision though a clear ceiling effect was *** the subjects with abnormal binocular vision, best repeatability was shown by the Frisby(COR: ±69s arc)and Randot(COR: ±72s arc). In both groups, the TNO test showed poorest agreement with the other ***:Therepeatabilityofstereoacuitymeasures was low in subjects with poor binocular vision yet fairly good in subjects with normal binocular vision with the exception of the TNO test. The reduced agreement detected between the tests indicates they cannot be used interchangeably.

关键词： stereoacuity repeatability agreement tereopsis

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Grass-Root Coaches Knowledge, Understanding, Attitude And Confidence to Deliver Injury Prevention Training in Youth Soccer: a Comparison of Coaches in Three EU Countries

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journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 367-374页

作者： Mark De Ste Croix F.Ayala S.Hernandez sanchez M.Lehnert j.Hughes School of Sport and Exercise University of GloucestershireCheltenham GL502RHUK Department of Sport Sciences Sport Research CentreMiguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Pathology and Surgery Physiotherapy Area Miguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Sport and Physical Culture Palacky UniversityOlomouc 77200Czech Republic

Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such training to youth *** aim of this study was to explore differences in knowledge,understanding,attitude and confidence to deliver such injury prevention training in three European *** A total of 269 grass-root soccer coaches from 3 European countries(Czech Republic,UK,Spain)were recruited for this study.A validated questionnaire exploring knowledge,understanding,attitude towards and confidence to deliver youth injury prevention training was completed prior to a 2 h workshop on injury prevention *** between countries was examined using Bayesian factors to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence(H0)by assuming a Poisson sampling scheme(as there was no a priori restriction on any cell count,nor on the grand total)(BF10 Poisson).Results Current knowledge,attitude and confidence to deliver injury prevention training to youth players was poor across all three European *** few coaches were currently using injury prevention training in their coaching sessions(23%).There were some country specific differences for attitude towards injury prevention training and confidence to deliver injury training,with Spanish coaches reporting a more positive attitude and confidence to deliver such *** fewer coaches in the UK were using injury prevention training compared to coaches in Spain and the Czech *** As coaches identified a need for coach education and few were delivering injury prevention training,there is a clear need to embed and implement this programme into the grassroots coaching framework of sports governing bodies to improve adoption,implementation and maintenance.

关键词： Youth Injury prevention training Coach education Movement competency

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Confirmatory factor analysis of VISA-P scale and measurement invariance across sexes in athletes with patellar tendinopathy

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第3期6卷 365-371页

作者： Sergio Hernandez-sanchez Ferran Abat María D.Hidalgo Antonio I.Cuesta-Vargas Victor Segarra jose M.sanchez-Ibanez Antonia Gomez-Conesa Department of Pathology and Surgery Physiotherapy AreaMiguel Hernandez UniversityValencia 03550Spain Sports Orthopaedic Surgeon ReSport ClinicBarcelona 08017Spain Department of Basic Psychology and Methodology University of MurciaMurcia 30100Spain Department of Physiotherapy Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MalagaMalaga 29009Spain

Background:The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Patella(VISA-P) scale is the most condition-specific patient-reported outcome measure used to assess symptom severity in athletes with patellar *** exploratory factor analyses have been conducted to evaluate the scale's dimensionality,with inconsistent results,and the factor structure of the scale remains *** aims of the present study were to determine the factorial structure of the VISA-P scale using confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) and test measurement invariance across ***:The study included a convenience sample of 249 Spanish athletes with patellar *** was performed to assess factorial *** 1-and 2-factor models were *** invariance across sexes was evaluated via multi-group CFA with several fit indices using EQS 6.1 ***:The internal consistency coefficient was *** CFA models were examined and the 1-factor model in which errors for Items 7 and8 were correlated showed acceptable fit in terms of comparative fit index(CFI) and goodness-of-fit index(GFI) statistics(CFI = 0.93;GFI = 0.94;standardized root mean square residual = 0.06;root mean square error of approximation = 0.10;90% confidence interval:0.08–0.13).This model was invariant across ***:The 1-factor model of the Spanish version of the VISA-P scale(VISA-P-Sp) in which errors for Items 7 and 8 were correlated demonstrated relative fit in *** obtained via VISA-P-Sp can be compared between men and women without sexes *** studies should examine the VISA-P scale and other single-score patient-reported outcome measures concurrently.

关键词： jumper's knee Measurement invariance Patient-reported outcome measure Structural validity

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Detecting accidental punctures and lacerations during cholecystectomy in large datasets: Two methods of analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第5期17卷 430-436页

作者： Artem Shmelev Anne M Sill Gopal C Kowdley juan A sanchez Steven C Cunningham Department of Surgery Saint Agnes Hospital and Cancer Center

Background: After the Institute of Medicine(IOM) report To Err Is Human highlighted the impact of medical errors, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ) developed Patient-Safety Indicators(PSI) to improve quality by identifying potential inpatient safety problems. PSI-15 was created to study accidental punctures and lacerations(APL), but PSI-15 may underestimate APLs in populations of patients. This study compares PSI-15 with a more inclusive approach using a novel composite of secondary diagnostic and procedural codes. Methods: We used Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS) data(20 0 0–2012) from AHRQ’s Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project(H-CUP). We analyzed PSI-15-positive and-negative cholecystectomies. Cross tabulations identified codes that were significantly more frequent among PSI-15-positive cases; these secondary diagnostic and procedural codes were selected as candidate members of a composite marker(CM) of APL. We chose cholecystectomy patients for study because this is one of the most common general operations, and the large size of NIS allows for meaningful analysis of infrequent occurrences such as APL rates. Results: CM identified 1.13 times more APLs than did PSI-15. Patients with CM-detected APLs were significantly older and had worse mortality, comorbidities, lengths of stay, and charges than those detected with PSI-15. Further comparison of these two approaches revealed that time-series analysis for both APL markers revealed parallel trends, with inflections in 2007, and lowest APL rates in july. Conclusions: Although CM may yield more false positives, it appears more inclusive, identifying more clinically significant APLs, than PSI-15. Both measures presented similar trends over time, arguing against inflation in PSI-15 reporting. While arguably less specific, CM may increase sensitivity for detecting APL events during cholecystectomies. These results may inform the interpretation of other large population studies of APLs following abd

关键词： Cholecystectomy Patient safety Accidental lacerations AHRQ PSI-15

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Conserving and restoring the Caicos pine forests: The first decade

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 75-83页

作者： Michele Dani sanchez Bryan Naqqi Manco junel Blaise Marcella Corcoran Martin Allen Hamilton The Herbarium Royal Botanic Gardens Department of Environment and Coastal Resources National Environmental Centre

The severe and rapid attack on the Caicos pine Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis(Pinaceae) by the nonnative invasive pine tortoise scale, Toumeyella parvicornis, has resulted in the death of most of the trees in the Turks and Caicos Islands(TCI) in just over a decade. Local and international conservation efforts have enabled the necessary multi-disciplinary research, data gathering, and monitoring to develop and implement a restoration strategy for this endemic tree from the Bahaman archipelago. The native plant nursery established on North Caicos and horticultural expertise acquired throughout the years were crucial to the successful rescue of Caicos pine saplings from the wild populations and cultivation of new saplings grown from locally sourced seeds. These saplings have been used to establish six Restoration Trial Plots on Pine Cay and a seed orchard on North Caicos in TCI. Core Conservation Areas(CCAs) for the Caicos pine forests have been identified and mapped. To date, forest within the Pine Cay CCA has been supplemented by planting more than 450 pine trees, which have survived at a high(>80%)rate.

关键词： Pine forest restoration Plant nursery Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis Caribbean Conservation Turks and Caicos Islands

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Solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using porous polymeric resin(XAD-7) functionalized with D_(2)EHPA

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： P.A.Martínez-Montoya R.G.sanchez-Alvarado D.Y.Medina-Velazquez M.L.Carrera-jota P.Garnica-Chávez A.de j.Morales-Ramirez Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico Metropolitan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico Center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is proposed by applying a solid-liquid extraction process using di-2-ethyl hexylphosphoric acid(D2EHPA) as extracting *** extracting agents were supported on a macro porous polymeric resin XAD-7(solid phase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were performed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/L Y(liquid phase) at 25℃ with *** effects of pH of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(S/L)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% D_(2)EHPA functionalized resin,pH=1.5 and an S/L ratio of 10 mg/mL The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/L [H_(2)SO_(4)] as stripping *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the striping *** all experiments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,experiments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best pH value to strip the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the proposed process was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp powder leached in H_(2)SO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,separating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAD-7 resin Fluorescent lamps recycling Solid-liquid kinetics extraction

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