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Pyogenic liver abscess:An audit of 10 years’experience

World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1622-1630页

作者： Tony CY Pang Thomas Fung j.swinder samra Thomas j Hugh Ross C smith Upper Gastrointestinal surgical Unit Royal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySt Leonards NSW 2065Australia

AIM:To describe our own experience with pyogenic liver abscesses over the past 10 years and investigate the risk factors associated with failure of initial percutaneous ***:A retrospective study of records of 63 PLA patients presenting between 1998 and 2008 to Australian tertiary referral centre,were *** and hydatid abscesses were ***,clinical,radiological,and microbiological characteristics,as well as surgical/radiological interventions,were ***:sixty-three patients(42 males,21 females) aged 65(±14) years[mean±(sD) ]had prodromal symptoms for a median(interquartile range;IQR) of 7(5-14) *** 59%of patients were febrile at presentation;however,the serum C-reactive protein was elevated in all 47 in whom it was *** function tests were non-specifically abnormal.67%of patients had a solitary abscess,while 32%had>3 abscesses with a median(IQR) diameter of 6.3(4-9) *** organisms were:streptococcus milleri 25%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 21%,and Escherichia coli 16%.A presumptive cryptogenic cause was most common (34%).Four patients died in this series:one from sepsis,two from advanced cancer,and one from acute myocardial *** initial procedure was radiological aspiration±drainage in 54 and surgery in two patients.17%underwent surgical management during their *** hypoalbuminaemia[mean (95%CI) :32(29-35) g/L vs 28(25-31) g/L,P=0.045] on presentation was found to be the only factor related to failure of initial percutaneous therapy on univariate ***:PLA is a diagnostic challenge,because the presentation of this condition is *** antibiotics and radiological drainage in the first instance allows resolution of most PLAs;However,a small proportion of patients still require surgical drainage.

关键词： Pyogenic liver abscess Image guided drainage surgical drainage C-reactive protein Hypoalbuminaemia

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Ampullary cancer of intestinal origin and duodenal cancer-A logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup in periampullary cancer

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 407-415页

作者： Manju D Chandrasegaram Anthony j Gill j.s samra Tim Price john Chen jonathan Fawcett Neil D Merrett the Prince Charles Hospital school of Medicine University of Queensland sydney Medical school University of Sydney Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group Kolling Institute of Medical Research Royal North Shore Hospital Department of surgery Royal North Shore Hospital Queen Elizabeth Hospital University of Adelaide Flinders Medical Centre Royal Adelaide Hospital Princess Alexandra Hospital Department of Upper GI surgery Bankstown Hospital Discipline of surgery Western Sydney University

Periampullary cancers include pancreatic, ampullary, biliary and duodenal cancers. At presentation, the majority of periampullary tumours have grown to involve the pancreas, bile duct, ampulla and duodenum. This can result in difficulty in defining the primary site of origin in all but the smallest tumors due to anatomical proximity and architectural distortion. This has led to variation in the reported proportions of resected periampullary cancers. Pancreatic cancer is the most common cancer resected with a pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by ampullary(16%-50%), bile duct(5%-39%), and duodenal cancer(3%-17%). Patients with resected duodenal and ampullary cancers have a better reported median survival(29-47 mo and 22-54 mo) compared to pancreatic cancer(13-19 mo). The poorer survival with pancreatic cancer relates to differences in tumour characteristics such as a higher incidence of nodal, neural and vascular invasion. While small ampullary cancers can present early with biliary obstruction, pancreatic cancers need to reach a certain size before biliary obstruction ensues. This larger size at presentation contributes to a higher incidence of resection margin involvement in pancreatic cancer. Ampullary cancers can be subdivided into intestinal or pancreatobiliary subtype cancers with histomolecular staining. This avoids relying on histomorphology alone, as even some poorly differentiated cancers preserve the histomolecular profile of their mucosa of origin. Histomolecular profiling is superior to anatomic location in prognosticating survival. Ampullary cancers of intestinal subtype and duodenal cancers are similar in their intestinal origin and form a logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup of periampullary cancers. They respond to 5-FU based chemotherapeutic regimens such as capecitabine-oxaliplatin. Unlike pancreatic cancers, KRAs mutation occurs in only approximately a third of ampullary and duodenal cancers. Future clinical trials should group ampullary cancer

关键词： Periampullary cancer Pancreatobiliary subtype Intestinal subtype Ampullary cancer Duodenal cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor Pancreatic cancer Chemotherapy Pancreaticoduodenectomy KRAs

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One hundred and seventy-eight consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies without mortality:role of the multidisciplinary approach

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第4期10卷 415-421页

作者： j.swinder s samra Raul Alvarado Bachmann julian Choi Anthony Gill Michael Neale Vikram Puttaswamy Cameron Bell Ian Norton sarah Cho steven Blome Ritchie Maher sivakumar Gananadha Thomas j Hugh Upper Gastrointestinal surgical Unit University of SydneyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSW2065SydneyAustralia Department ofAnatomical Pathology University of SydneyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSW2065SydneyAustralia Department of Vascular surgery University of SydneyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSW2065SydneyAustralia Department of Gastroenterology University of SydneyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSW2065SydneyAustralia Department of Radiology University of SydneyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSW2065SydneyAustralia

BACKGROUND:Pancreatoduodenectomy offers the only chance of cure for patients with periampullary ***,however,is a major undertaking in most patients and is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality.A multidisciplinary approach to the workup and follow-up of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy was initiated at our institution to improve the diagnosis,resection rate,mortality and *** undertook the study to assess the effect of this approach on diagnosis,resection rates and short-term outcomes such as morbidity and ***:A prospective database of patients presenting with periampullary cancers to a single surgeon between April 2004 and April 2010 was *** cases were discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting comprising surgeons,gastroenterologists,radiologists,oncologists,radiation oncologists,pathologists and nursing staff.A standardized investigation and management algorithm was *** were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo ***:A total of 295 patients with a periampullary lesion were discussed and 178 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (resection rate 60%).sixty-one patients (34%) required either a vascular or an additional organ ***-nine patients experienced complications,of which the commonest was blood transfusion (12%).Thirty-four patients (19%) had major complications,*** 3 or *** was no in-hospital,30-day or 60-day ***:Pancreatoduodenectomy can safely be performed in high-volume centers with very low *** surgeon’s role should be careful patient selection,intensive preoperative investigations,use of a team approach,and an unbiased discussion at a multidisciplinary meeting to optimize the outcome in these patients.

关键词： pancreatoduodenectomy multidisciplinary vascular resection

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A review on current conventional and biotechnical approaches to enhance biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in stevia rebaudiana

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第2期34卷 92-104页

作者： samra Basharat Ziyang Huang Mengyue Gong Xueqin Lv Aqsa Ahmed Iftikhar Hussain jianghua Li Guocheng Du Long Liu science Center for Future Foods Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of EducationJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China school of Food science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is commonly called stevia and mostly found in the north east regions of south *** is an herbaceous and shrubby plant belonging to the Asteraceae *** is considered as a natural sweetener and a commercially important plant *** leaves of *** contain steviol glycosides(sGs)which are highly potent and non-caloric *** sweetening property of *** is contributed to the presence of these high potency,calorie free steviol *** are considerably suitable for replacing sucrose and other artificial sweetening agents which are used in different industries and *** amount in the plant mostly varies from 8%to 10%,and the enhancement of sGs is always in *** glycosides have the potential to become healthier alternatives to other table sugars for having desirable taste and zero *** are almost 300 times sweeter than *** used as alternative sugar intensifier the commercial value of this plant in biopharmaceutical,food and beverages industries and in international market is increasing day by *** have made stevia an important part of the medicinal world as well as the food and beverage industry,but the limited production of plant material is not fulfilling the higher global market ***,researchers are working worldwide to increase the production of important sGs through the intercession of different biotechnological approaches in *** review aims to describe the emerging biotechnological strategies and approaches to understand,stimulate and enhance biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in *** and biotechnological methods for the production of steviol glycosides have been briefly reviewed and discussed.

关键词： steviol glycosides Biosynthesis secondary metabolites stevia rebaudiana

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入侵者：使用数据挖掘进行入侵检测的混合分类器

入侵者：使用数据挖掘进行入侵检测的混合分类器

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作者： samra Zafar 大连理工大学

学位级别：硕士

随着互联网的快速增长和使用,网络攻击的数量在过去几年中急剧增加。现在面临的问题是出于安全考虑,需要有效地观察这些攻击。由于大量的安全审计数据以及入侵行为的复杂和动态特性,优化IDs的性能成为一个重要的开放性问题,并在研究领... 详细信息

随着互联网的快速增长和使用,网络攻击的数量在过去几年中急剧增加。现在面临的问题是出于安全考虑,需要有效地观察这些攻击。由于大量的安全审计数据以及入侵行为的复杂和动态特性,优化IDs的性能成为一个重要的开放性问题,并在研究领域中受到越来越多的关注。本文研究的动机是探索某些算法是否对某些攻击类别表现更好的不确定性。因此,监控和处理这些攻击是很重要的,入侵检测系统(IDs)具有潜在的诊断能力来处理这些攻击,以确保网络的安全。现有的研究提出了多种入侵检测方法,但这些方法的主要问题在于方法性能在提高检测效率和降低误报率方面有待提高。优化IDs的性能是一个非常重要且具有挑战性的问题,得到了研究界的更多关注。本文提出了一种基于两种分类器算法的入侵-挖掘混合分类方法,用于网络异常检测。因此,采用主成分分析(PCA)和费雪判别比(FDR)进行特征选择和噪声去除。将该混合方法与j48、Bayesnet、jRip、sMO、IBK进行了比较,并使用KDD99数据集对性能进行了评估。实验结果表明,与其他先进的算法相比,该方法具有较低的误报率和较高的误报率,检测精度为96.1%。仿真结果表明,将本文模型应用于多种网络攻击的识别,可以获得明显的进步和实时的入侵检测。

关键词：入侵检测系统主成分分析 Intrusion-Minor Fisher判别率

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比较超声乳化术中林格液和乳酸盐林格液对角膜内皮细胞的影响（英文）

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国际眼科杂志 2019年第8期19卷 1269-1275页

作者： Eman Desoky Amir Abou samra Hany Ahmed Helaly Alexandria大学医学院眼科

目的:比较林格液和乳酸林格液(RL)在超声乳化术中作为冲洗液的差异,并探讨其对角膜内皮细胞的影响。方法:这是一项前瞻性介入性双盲临床研究,包括100例(100眼)年龄在50~65岁之间的年龄相关性白内障患者。随机分为两组(每组各50眼)。组1... 详细信息

目的:比较林格液和乳酸林格液(RL)在超声乳化术中作为冲洗液的差异,并探讨其对角膜内皮细胞的影响。方法:这是一项前瞻性介入性双盲临床研究,包括100例(100眼)年龄在50~65岁之间的年龄相关性白内障患者。随机分为两组(每组各50眼)。组1使用林格液,组2使用乳酸盐林格液冲洗液。结果:组1患者平均年龄57.5±8岁,组2患者平均年龄58.6±9岁。3mo后,组1内皮细胞密度平均下降8.5%,组2平均下降3.6%(P=0.013)。此外,组1中央角膜厚度平均增加6.9%,组2平均增加1.5%(P=0.006)。通过将测厚仪和高光显微镜参数的变化率与灌水量相关联得出两者间无显著相关性。结论:与乳酸盐林格液相比,使用林格液作为冲洗液可减少术后内皮细胞的损失,也可减轻术后水肿。

关键词：林格液乳酸盐林格液超声乳化术角膜水肿角膜内皮显微镜

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川西亚高山云杉天然林和人工林土壤酶化学计量特征比较

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生态学杂志 2024年第6期43卷 1531-1539页

作者：高浩英付双嘉宋世钰 samra Batool 王丽霞长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室四川农业大学林学院成都611130

土壤酶以及化学计量比是表征土壤养分可用性和微生物养分限制的关键指标。然而,对川西亚高山天然林转换为人工林后土壤酶活性和化学计量比的变化特征及其关键驱动因素尚不清晰。本研究以川西亚高山云杉天然次生林和人工林为对象,测定了... 详细信息

土壤酶以及化学计量比是表征土壤养分可用性和微生物养分限制的关键指标。然而,对川西亚高山天然林转换为人工林后土壤酶活性和化学计量比的变化特征及其关键驱动因素尚不清晰。本研究以川西亚高山云杉天然次生林和人工林为对象,测定了两种林分的土壤理化性质和酶活性。结果表明:(1)天然林土壤碳氮比(C∶N)显著低于人工林(P<0.05),其土壤碳磷比(C∶P)和氮磷比(N∶P)则均显著高于人工林土壤(P<0.05);(2)天然林的酶碳氮比(C∶N_(EEA))和酶碳磷比(C∶P_(EEA))显著高于人工林,而酶氮磷比(N∶P_(EEA))却显著低于人工林(P<0.01);人工林的碳质量指数CQI1和CQI2显著高于天然林(P<0.05),而矢量长度和矢量角度显著低于天然林(P<0.01);(3)天然林土壤微生物受到了一定程度的碳、磷限制,人工林土壤微生物则受氮严重限制;(4)冗余分析结果表明,全氮是影响酶化学计量比的主要因素。以上研究结果表明,在本区域内人工林土壤养分管理中,需充分考虑微生物对氮素的需求。

关键词：川西亚高山天然林人工林酶化学计量比云杉

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川西亚高山云杉天然林转换为人工林对土壤细菌群落及功能的影响

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应用与环境生物学报 2024年第3期30卷 504-512页

作者：付双嘉高浩英宋世钰 samra Batool 邓若愚王丽霞四川农业大学林业碳汇研究中心成都611130

川西亚高山地区天然林向人工林的转换造成了土壤生态功能的退化,而细菌群落对土壤生态功能维持和提升有重要的调节作用;然而,关于天然林向人工林转换对土壤细菌群落及功能群影响的研究目前还比较缺乏.以川西亚高山云杉天然林和人工林为... 详细信息

川西亚高山地区天然林向人工林的转换造成了土壤生态功能的退化,而细菌群落对土壤生态功能维持和提升有重要的调节作用;然而,关于天然林向人工林转换对土壤细菌群落及功能群影响的研究目前还比较缺乏.以川西亚高山云杉天然林和人工林为研究对象,采用高通量测序和Faprotax功能预测相结合的研究方法测定土壤细菌群落组成、多样性和功能群,分析森林转换对它们的影响,阐明驱动变化的关键因子.结果表明:云杉天然林土壤细菌群落的shannon指数显著高于云杉人工林土壤,而simpson指数显著低于人工林.主坐标分析(PCoA)显示天然林和人工林土壤细菌群落组成存在明显差异.两个林分共同拥有81.61%的OTUs数量,属水平上相对丰度大于1%的土壤细菌群落组成基本一致,共有23个属.其中慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、Vicinamibacterales和KD4-96是两个森林类型中具有显著差异的优势属.通过功能预测分析发现,云杉人工林中化能异养作用、有氧化能异养作用和固氮作用优势细菌功能群的相对丰度显著高于天然林.冗余分析(RDA)结果表明土壤pH、含水率、全氮、铵态氮、微生物生物量氮是影响土壤细菌群落组成和功能群的主要因子.综上,川西亚高山云杉天然林向人工林转换显著影响土壤细菌群落多样性和组成,并提高了与碳氮循环相关的细菌功能群的相对丰度;上述研究结果可为深入理解森林转换对土壤生态功能的影响提供科学依据.

关键词：川西亚高山森林转换土壤细菌群落结构细菌功能群

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NKR-P1B expression in gut-associated innate lymphoid cells is required for the control of gastrointestinal tract infections

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第11期16卷 868-877页

作者： Elias Abou-samra Zachary Hickey Oscar A.Aguilar Michal scur Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud sergey Pyatibrat Megan M.Tu jeffrey Francispillai Arthur Mortha james R.Carlyle Mir Munir A.Rahim Andrew P.Makrigiannis Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Ottawa451 Smyth RoadOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Department of Immunology University of Toronto1 King’s College CircleTorontoON M5S 1A8Canada sunnybrook Research Institute 2075 Bayview AvenueTorontoON M4N 3M5Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie University5850 College StreetHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada College of Applied Medical sciences Taibah UniversityMadinah MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Division of Anatomical Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe Ottawa HospitalUniversity of Ottawa501 Smyth RoadOttawaON K1H 8L6Canada

Helper-type innate lymphoid cells(ILC)play an important role in intestinal *** of the NKR-P1 gene family are expressed in various innate immune cells,including natural killer(NK)cells,and their cognate Clr ligand family members are expressed in various specialized tissues,including the intestinal epithelium,where they may play an important role in mucosalassociated innate immune *** this study,we show that the inhibitory NKR-P1B receptor,but not the Ly49 receptor,is expressed in gut-resident NK cells,ILC,and a subset ofγδT cells in a tissue-specific ***3 cells constitute the predominant cell subset expressing NKR-P1B in the gut lamina *** known NKR-P1B ligand Clr-b is broadly expressed in gut-associated cells of hematopoietic *** genetic deletion of NKR-P1B results in a higher frequency and number of ILC3 andγδT cells in the gut lamina ***,the function of gut-resident ILC3,NK,andγδT cells in NKR-P1B-deficient mice is impaired during gastrointestinal tract infection by Citrobacter rodentium or salmonella typhimurium,resulting in increased systemic bacterial dissemination in NKR-P1B-deficient *** findings highlight the role of the NKR-P1B:Clr-b recognition system in the modulation of intestinal innate immune cell functions.

关键词： Innate lymphoid cells Natural killer cells Gut-associated immune cells NKR-P1B receptor Innate immunity

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流域治理:印度锡瓦利克地区的牲畜群体结构变化、收入及牲畜迁移

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人类环境杂志 1994年第7期23卷 446-450页

作者： swarn Lata Argy Y.Agnihotri j.s.samra 摆万奇国家科学院

本文对印度北部锡瓦利克地区流域综合治理给一个典型山麓村庄的畜群组成、迁移、饲料生产和供给,以及村庄经济所带来的影响作了评估。该村总收入的54%来自畜牧业,33%来自农业,其余来自非农牧活动。在1983/1984-1990/1991年7年间,水牛和... 详细信息

本文对印度北部锡瓦利克地区流域综合治理给一个典型山麓村庄的畜群组成、迁移、饲料生产和供给,以及村庄经济所带来的影响作了评估。该村总收入的54%来自畜牧业,33%来自农业,其余来自非农牧活动。在1983/1984-1990/1991年7年间,水牛和奶牛的数量有所增加,而山羊的数量减少了。群众的参与对在可持续的基础上提高耕地和非耕地的生产力起了重要作用。该项目完成后,可利用的青饲料、干饲料和精饲料分别增加了144%、56%和95%。然而,由于家畜组成的变化,饲料供需之间的缺口并未明显缩小。该计划实施后,奶牛继续迁移他处寻求饲料和水源,而水牛的迁移则从87%降为36%。村民从迁移牲畜中得到的收入占总收入的25%,这有助于减小家庭间的收入不均。

关键词：印度锡瓦利克地区牲畜群体畜牧业

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