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Efficient nanoparticle-based CRISPR-Cas13d induced mRNA disruption of an eye pigmentation gene in the white-backed planthopper,Sogatella furcifera

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1552-1564页

作者： Yun-Feng Ma Meng-Qi Zhang Lang-Lang Gong Xuan-Zheng Liu Gui-jun Long Huan Guo j.joe Hull Youssef Dewer Ming He Peng He National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina USDA-ARS Arid Land Agricultural Research Center MaricopaAZUSA Phytotoxicity Research Department Central Agricultural Pesticide LaboratoryAgricultural Research CenterDokkiGizaEgypt

The discovery of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)system has driven gene manipulation technology to a new era with applications reported in organisms that span the tree of *** utility of CRISPR-mediated editing was further expanded to mRNA following identification of the RNA-targeting Cas13 family of smaller endonuclease *** of this family to insect research,however,has been more *** this study,the smallest Cas13 family member,Cas13d,and guide RNAs(gRNAs)were complexed with a versatile nanomaterial(star polycation,SPc)to generate a proof-of-concept RNA-editing platform capable of disrupting mRNA expression of the eye pigmentation gene tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase(SfTO)in white-backed planthoppers(WBPHs).The resulting red-eye phenotype was present in 19.76%(with SPc)and 22.99%(without SPc)of the treatment groups and was comparable to the red-eye phenotype generated following conventional RNA interference knockdown(22.22%).Furthermore,the Cas13/gRNA phenotype manifested more quickly than RNA *** with the expected Cas13d mechanism,SfTO transcript levels were significantly *** together,the results indicate that the SPc-CRISPR-Cas13d/gRNA complex negatively impacted expression of the target *** findings confirm the utility of this novel mRNA disruption system in insects and lay the foundation for further development of these tools in the implementation of green agricultural pest management tactics.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas13d RNA editing tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase white-backed planthoppers

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Landslides at Qingjiang River in the Downstream Area of Shuibuya Dam Site, China

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journal of China University of Geosciences 2006年第2期17卷 158-162页

作者： Kallen D 项伟 Ehret D Rohn j University of Karlsruhe Department of Applied Geology Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences

To enhance the general knowledge of landslides in China, the DAAD （German Academic Exchange Service） is financing an investigative project. As part of this project, at the Qingjiang （清江） River, a 10 km^2 area downstream of the Shuibuya （水布垭） dam site was geologically and geotechnicaUy mapped to gather information concerning landslides and their correlation to lithology, slope angles and texture. The geological mapping contained the characterization of the lithological units. The characterization of the shape of landslides and the classification of rocks into units with similar geotechnical behavior is contained in the geotechnical map. Samples were taken and investigated using X-ray diffraction to identify the clay minerals and geotechnical tests to determine the effective shear angle and cohesion of rocks and soils. Geotechnical mapping showed a close connection between lithology, slope angle and texture concerning the occurrence of landslides. Most landslides occur on the northern bank of the Qingjiang River where the dip angle of the bedding is nearly parallel to the slope, resulting in potential and effective slide planes. On the southern bank only sporadic and small landslides occur because the bedding is antipodal to the slope angle. This pilot work is a base for further and more detailed investigations in this area.

关键词： landslide geotechnical mapping geological mapping shear test and X-ray diffraction Shuibuya dam site.

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Revisiting the gravity laws of inter-city mobility in megacity regions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第2期66卷 271-281页

作者： Pengjun ZHAO Haoyu HU Liangen ZENG jun CHEN Xinyue YE College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen518055China Laboratory for Laboratory for Earth Surface System and Human-Earth Relations Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen518055China National Geomatics Center of China Beijing100048China Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA

Inter-city mobility is one of the most important issues in the UN Sustainable Development Goals,as it is essential to access the regional labour market,goods and services,and to constrain the spread of infectious *** the gravity model has been proved to be an effective model to describe mobility among settlements,knowledge is still insufficient in regions where dozens of megacities interact closely and over 100 million people *** addition,the existing knowledge is limited to overall population mobility,while the difference in inter-city travel with different purposes is unexplored on such a large geographic *** revisited the gravity laws of inter-city mobility using the 2.12 billion trip chains recorded by 40.48 million mobile phone users’trajectories in the jing-jin-ji Region,which contains China’s capital ***,unlike previous studies,we found that non-commuting rather than commuting is the dominant type of inter-city mobility(89.3%).Noncommuting travellers have a travel distance 42.3%longer than commuting ***,we developed more accurate gravity models for the spatial distribution of inter-city commuting and non-commuting *** also found that inter-city mobility has a hierarchical structure,as the distribution of inter-city travel volume follows Zipf’s *** particular,the hierarchy of non-commuting travel volume among the cities is more in line with an ideal Zipf distribution than commuting *** findings contribute to new knowledge on basic inter-city mobility laws,and they have significant applications for regional policies on human mobility.

关键词： Mobility Inter-city Travel behaviour Megacity region Zipf’s law China

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Abrogation of immune complex glomerulonephritis by native carboxypeptidase and pharmacological antagonism of the C5a receptor

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第5期13卷 651-657页

作者： jessy j. Alexander Lee D. Chaves Anthony Chang Shruti Dighe Alexander jacob Richard j. Quigg Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Health Sciences Buffalo NY USA Department of Pathology The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Correspondence: Dr Jessy J. Alexander Division of Nephrology State University of New York at Buffalo Clinical and Translational Research Center 875 Ellicott Street 8-022 Buffalo NY 14203 USA

Activation of complement generates C5a which leads to signaling through C5aR 1. This is tightly controlled, including by the plasma proteins factor H （FH） and carboxypeptidase N. Here we studied a chronic serum sickness （CSS） model of glomerulonephritis （GN） in which there is an active humoral immune response, formation of glomerular immune complexes （ICs）, and resulting glomerular inflammation. The antibody response, glomerular IC deposition, the degree of GN, and consequent renal functional insufficiency in CSS were all worse in FH-/- mice compared to wild-type FH＋/＋ animals. This was ameliorated in the former by giving a C5aR1 antagonist for the final 3 weeks of the 5-week protocol. In contrast, blocking CP-mediated inactivation of C5a increased these disease measures. Thus, complement regulation by both plasma FH and CP to limit the quantity of active C5a is important in conditions where the humoral immune response is directed to a continuously present foreign antigen. Signaling through C5aR1 enhances the humoral immune response as well as the inflammatory response to ICs that have formed in glomeruli. Both effects are relevant even after disease has begun. Thus, pharmacological targeting of C5a in IC-mediated GN has potential clinical relevance.

关键词： C5a carboxypeptidase N factor H glomerulonephritis

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Fisher Information and Complexity Measure of Generalized Morse Potential Model

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第9期65卷 275-279页

作者： C.A. Onate j.O.A. Idiodi Physics Department University of Benin Nigeria

The spreading of the quantum-mechanical probability distribution density of the three-dimensional system is quantitatively determined by means of the local information-theoretic quantity of the Shannon information and information energy in both position and momentum spaces. The complexity measure which is equivalent to Cramer–Rao uncertainty product is determined. We have obtained the information content stored, the concentration of quantum system and complexity measure numerically for n = 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

关键词： fisher information Shannon entropy complexity measures

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Solvent-Free Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids and Amide Analogs of CAPE(Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester)under Infrared Irradiation Conditions

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2015年第2期5卷 81-91页

作者： Pablo A.Martínez-Soriano jose R.Macías-Perez Ana Maria velazquez Brigida del Carmen Camacho-Enriquez Gustavo Pretelin-Castillo Monica B.Ruiz-Sanchez Victor H.Abrego-Reyes Saul Villa-Trevino Enrique Angeles Laboratorio de Quimica Medicinal y Teorica Departamento de Ciencias QuimicasFES CuautitlanUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCuautitlan IzcalliMexico Departamento de Biologia celular Centro de Investigacion y Estudios AvanzadosInstituto Politecnico NacionalMexicoD.F.Mexico Qsar Analytics S.A.de C.V.Ciudad Satelite Naucalpan de JuarezMexico

A convenient and easy method is described for the formation of carboxamides from carboxylic acids and primary amines in solventless conditions using infrared (IR) light. Thus, under IR light, cinnamic acid derivatives... 详细信息

关键词： Amides Carboxylic Acids Amines Infrared Light Solventless CAPE CAPA Cinnamic Acid Analogs

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Decorin treatment for reversing trabecular meshwork fibrosis in open-angle glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第6期11卷 922-923页

作者： Lisa j Hill Zubair Ahmed Ann Logan Neuroscience and Ophthalmology University of Birmingham

In this perspective,we discuss the use of an anti-fibrotic agent Decorin to treat established fibrosis associated with glaucoma originally published by Hill et al.（2015）.Glaucoma describes a group of progressive opt... 详细信息

关键词： glaucoma trabecular originally irreversible progressive optic outflow ganglion progression elevated

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Laser-induced microjet-assisted ablation for high-quality microfabrication

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International journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第3期4卷 122-130页

作者： Yang Guo Pei Qiu Shaolin Xu Gary j Cheng School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906United States of America

Liquid-assisted laser ablation has the advantage of relieving thermal effects of common laser ablation processes, whereas the light scattering and shielding effects by laser-induced cavitation bubbles, suspended debris, and turbulent liquid flow generally deteriorate laser beam transmission stability, leading to low energy efficiency and poor surface quality. Here, we report that a continuous and directional high-speed microjet will form in the laser ablation zone if laser-induced primary cavitation bubbles asymmetrically collapse sequentially near the air-liquid interface under a critical thin liquid layer. The laser-induced microjet can instantaneously and directionally remove secondary bubbles and ablation debris around the laser ablation region, and thus a very stable material removal process can be obtained. The shadowgraphs of high-speed camera reveal that the average speed of laser-induced continuous microjet can be as high as 1.1 m sin its initial 500 μm displacement. The coupling effect of laser ablation, mechanical impact along with the collapse of cavitation bubbles and flushing of high-speed microjet helps achieve a high material removal rate and significantly improved surface quality. We name this uncovered liquid-assisted laser ablation process as laser-induced microjet-assisted ablation(LIMjAA) based on its unique characteristics. High-quality microgrooves with a large depth-to-width ratio of 5.2 are obtained by LIMjAA with a single-pass laser scanning process in our experiments. LIMjAA is capable of machining various types of difficult-to-process materials with high-quality arrays of micro-channels, square and circle microscale through-holes. The results and disclosed mechanisms in our work provide a deep understanding of the role of laser-induced microjet in improving the processing quality of liquid-assisted laser micromachining.

关键词： liquid-assisted laser ablation laser-induced microjet cavitation bubbles laser microfabrication

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Diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy using an intraductal anchoring balloon

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 3992-3996页

作者： Mansour A Parsi Tyler Stevens john j Vargo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

AIM:To report our experience using a recently introduced anchoring balloon for diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy(DPOC).METHODS:Consecutive patients referred for diagnostic or therapeutic peroral cholangioscopy were evaluated in a prospective cohort *** patients underwent DPOC using an intraductal anchoring balloon,which was recently introduced to allow consistent access to the biliary tree with an ultraslim upper *** device was later voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the ***:Fourteen patients underwent DPOC using the anchoring *** access with an ultraslim upper endoscope was accomplished in all 14 *** 12(86%) patients,ductal access required sphincteroplasty with a 10-mm dilating *** placement of the ultraslim upper endoscope allowed satisfactory visualization of the biliary mucosa to the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts in 13 of 14 patients(93%).Therapeutic interventions by DPOC were successfully completed in all five attempted cases(intraductal biopsy in one and DPOC guided laser lithotripsy in four).Adverse events occurred in a patient on immunosuppressive therapy who developed an intrahepatic biloma at the site of the anchoring *** required hospitalization and *** endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 8 wk after the index procedure showed resolution of the ***:Use of this anchoring balloon allowed consistent access to the biliary tree for performance of diagnostic and therapeutic DPOC distal to the biliary bifurcation.

关键词： Anchoring balloon Direct peroral cholangioscopy Cholangiocarcinoma Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Choledocholithiasis

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Penile reconstruction

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Asian journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 16-19页

作者： Giulio Garaffa Salvatore Sansalone David j Ralph St Peter's Andrology London WIG 6B J UK Tor Vergata University Rome 00133 Italy

During the most recent years, a variety of new techniques of penile reconstruction have been described in the literature. This paper focuses on the most recent advances in male genital reconstruction after trauma, excision of benign and malignant disease, in gender reassignment surgery and aphallia with emphasis on surgical technique, cosmetic and functional outcome.

关键词： female to male transsexuals fibrosis free flaps glans reconstruction glans sculpture lichen sclerosus lymphoedema of the genitalia penile prosthesis Peyronie's disease phalloplasty scrotoplasty shaft reconstruction skin graft penile reconstruction

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