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Effect of pulsed ultrasound assisted extraction and aqueous acetone mixture on total hydrolysable tannins from pomegranate peel

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 185-196页

作者： E.j.Rifna Madhuresh Dwivedi Department of Food Process Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaOdishaIndia

Pomegranate peels are disposed of as waste even though it is an eminent source of total hydrolysable tannins(THT)and possesses a great worth for *** present study was carried out with the hypothesis that pulsed system ultrasound-assisted extraction(PSUAE)technique optimization would aid in retaining high extract yield and THT recovery yield from pomegranate peel extract(ppe)with enhanced antioxidant *** extraction was performed at various conditions regarding solvent concentration(30-90% of acetone),solvent-feed ratio(10-30 mL/g),extraction time(10-20 min),and ultrasound amplitude(40-80%)for maximum extract yield,THT and antioxidant activity(AA).To model and optimize the process conditions tools namely response surface methodology(RSM)and artificial neural network(ANN)were *** solvent concentration,solvent-feed ratio,extraction time,and amplitude the optimal conditions attained with aid of RSM and ANN were:56%,26.5 mL/g,15 min,55%,and 45%,23 mL/g,15 min,50% *** extract yield and THT content determined with RSM and ANN optimized values were 51.2%,86.4 mg TAE/g,and 62%,98.1 mg TAE/g,*** mean square error value displayed the minimum and R^(2) exhibited maximum value in case of ANN compared to RSM *** significantly augmented the AA of ppe to 77.2±0.50% compared to 49.7±0.35% of conventional *** and HPLC analysis established that ppe produced from PSUAE contains a significant amount of THT compounds(gallic acid and tannic acid derivative).SEM elucidated that the sonication effect resulted in peel cell wall disruptions ensuing in elevated extraction of ***,this pulsed mode of ultrasound extraction could be regarded as an easy,cost-effective,and competent technique for the extraction of preferred natural THT from pomegranate peels that possess high prospective to be applied in food and nutraceutical formulations.

关键词： Pomegranate peel Pulsed ultra-sonication Hydrolysable tannins Antioxidant activity ANN modeling

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Vented Individual Patient(VIP)Hoods for the Control of Infectious Airborne Diseases in Healthcare Facilities

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Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 126-132页

作者： j.Patel F.McGain T.Bhatelia S.Wang B.Sun j.Monty V.Pareek CSIRO Energy MelbourneVIC 3169Australia Western Health MelbourneVIC 3021Australia School of Public Health The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Centre for Integrated Critical Care The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia The Western Australian School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia

By providing a means of separating the airborne emissions of patients from the air breathed by healthcare workers(HCWs),vented individual patient(VIP)hoods,a form of local exhaust ventilation(LEV),offer a new approach to reduce hospital-acquired infection(HAI).Results from recent studies have demonstrated that,for typical patient-emitted aerosols,VIP hoods provide protection at least equivalent to that of an N95 *** a mask,hood performance can be easily monitored and HCWs can be alerted to failure by *** appropriate use of these relatively simple devices could both reduce the reliance on personal protective equipment(ppe)for infection control and provide a low-cost and energy-efficient form of protection for hospitals and *** the development and deployment of VIP hoods has been accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,these devices are currently an immature *** this review,we describe the state of the art of VIP hoods and identify aspects in need of further development,both in terms of device design and the protocols associated with their *** broader concept of individual patient hoods has the potential to be expanded beyond ventilation to the provision of clean conditions for individual patients and personalized control over other environmental factors such as temperature and humidity.

关键词： COVID-19 Vented individual patient hood Airborne transmission Healthcare worker Infectious disease

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COVID-19:Masks do not influence neurocognitive performance during a shift at the emergency department

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World journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第4期14卷 317-321页

作者： jürgen Grafeneder Verena Fuhrmann Katharina Tscherny Maximilian Niederer Wolfgang Schreiber Harald Herkner Dominik Roth Calvin Lukas Kienbacher Department of Emergency Medicine Medical University of ViennaWien 1090Austria Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Hospital ScheibbsScheibbs 3270Austria

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the widespread mandatory use of personal protective equipment(ppe),including filtering face pieces(FFP).Emergency medical care providers now commonly use this equipment.

关键词： COV Mask protective

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用选择性抑制剂浮选分离塑料

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现代冶金（内蒙古） 2000年第3期 1-7页

作者： Shiba.,j 车丽萍

采用普通的润湿剂如木素磺酸钠、丹宁酸、双－２－乙基己基碘化琥珀酸钠和皂角甙，从人为混合物料中成功地分离了四种重要的，即聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）、聚碳酸酯（ＰＣ）、聚乙缩醛（ＰＯＭ）及聚次苯醚（ＰＰＥ）。由于在表面活化剂吸附... 详细信息

采用普通的润湿剂如木素磺酸钠、丹宁酸、双－２－乙基己基碘化琥珀酸钠和皂角甙，从人为混合物料中成功地分离了四种重要的，即聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）、聚碳酸酯（ＰＣ）、聚乙缩醛（ＰＯＭ）及聚次苯醚（ＰＰＥ）。由于在表面活化剂吸附作用下各自疏水性不同（由水滴的接触角测出），可选择性地还原，这些自然疏水性聚合物能够有效地浮选分离。

关键词：塑料选择性抑制剂临界表面接触角浮选分离

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National preparedness survey of pediatric intensive care units with simulation centers during the coronavirus pandemic

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World journal of Critical Care Medicine 2020年第5期9卷 74-87页

作者： Kamal Abulebda Rami A Ahmed Marc A Auerbach Anna M Bona Lauren E Falvo Patrick G Hughes Isabel T Gross Elisa j Sarmiento Paul R Barach Department of Pediatrics Division of Critical CareIndiana University School of MedicineRiley Hospital for Children at Indiana University HealthIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Emergency Medicine School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatrics Emergency MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06504United States Department of Integrated Medical Science Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Department of Emergency Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06504United States Department of Pediatrics Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMI 48202Jefferson College of Population HealthPhiladelphiaPA19107United States

The coronavirus disease pandemic caught many pediatric hospitals unpreparedand has forced pediatric healthcare systems to scramble as they examine and planfor the optimal allocation of medical resources for the highest priority *** is limited data describing pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) preparednessand their health worker *** describe the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness effortsamong a set of PICUs within a simulation-based network *** A cross-sectional multi-center national survey of PICU medical director(s) fromchildren’s hospitals across the United States. The questionnaire was developedand reviewed by physicians with expertise in pediatric critical care, disasterreadiness, human factors, and survey development. Thirty-five children’shospitals were identified for recruitment through a long-established nationalresearch network. The questions focused on six themes: (1) PICU and medicaldirector demographics;(2) Pediatric patient flow during the pandemic;(3)Changes to the staffing models related to the pandemic;(4) Use of personalprotective equipment (ppe);(5) Changes in clinical practice and innovations;and(6) Current modalities of training including *** report on survey responses from 22 of 35 PICUs (63%). The majority of PICUswere located within children’s hospitals (87%). All PICUs cared for pediatricpatients with COVID-19 at the time of the survey. The majority of PICUs (83.4%)witnessed decreases in non-COVID-19 patients, 43% had COVID-19 dedicatedunits, and 74.6% pivoted to accept adult COVID-19 patients. All PICUsimplemented changes to their staffing models with the most common changesbeing changes in COVID-19 patient room assignment in 50% of surveyed PICUsand introducing remote patient monitoring in 36% of the PICU units. Ninety-fivepercent of PICUs conducted training for donning and doffing of enhanced *** 6 months into the pandemic, one-third of PICUs across the U

关键词： COVID-19 Pediatric intensive care unit Simulation Practice innovations Training Preparedness

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杀螟松原油、乳油及可湿性粉剂气相色谱法测定的协作研究

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世界农药 1986年第4期 44-49页

作者： D. L. Mount j. W. Miles 王一麟美国佐治亚州亚特兰大疾病控制中心美国佐治亚州亚特兰大疾病控制中心传染病中心寄生虫病分部传染病中心寄生虫病分部

为了采用气相色谱法(GO)测定原油及制剂中的杀螟松,曾对多种柱填充材料和内标物进行过评价,以便确定最佳的色谱系统。杀螟松及其最相关的异构体,O,O-二甲基O-(4-甲基-3-硝基苯基)硫代磷酸酯,在OV-210和六环聚苯醚(ppe-6R)填充的柱上能... 详细信息

为了采用气相色谱法(GO)测定原油及制剂中的杀螟松,曾对多种柱填充材料和内标物进行过评价,以便确定最佳的色谱系统。杀螟松及其最相关的异构体,O,O-二甲基O-(4-甲基-3-硝基苯基)硫代磷酸酯,在OV-210和六环聚苯醚(ppe-6R)填充的柱上能得到分离。在小范围的协作试验中曾选用以ppe-6R柱,并以萤蒽为内标的GC系统作为分离杀螟松的方法,随后此法又在有二十一位协作者参加的全面协作试验中采用。向每位协作者提供了杀螟松原油、乳油及可湿性粉剂的成对试样。成对杀螟松原油、乳油及可湿性粉剂试样的变异系数(CV)分别为1.02,1.11及1.01。同时还提供了替换法所得的数据,替换法采用OV-210柱,癸二酸二丁酯为内标。本法已被采纳为初审的公定方法(Official First Action)。

关键词：杀螟松内标标的异构体协作试验可湿性粉剂农药剂型原油石油气相色谱法协作研究乳油

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Ionosphere disturbances observed throughout Southeast Asia of the superstorm of 20-22 November 2003

Ionosphere disturbances observed throughout Southeast Asia o...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2008学术年会

作者： K.Tschu K.Igarashi T.Kikuchi K.Nozaki S.Watari L.j.Paxton Harold P.Bulanon Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina. National Institute of Information and Communications Technology TokyoJapan. Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins UniversityLaurelMarylandUSA. physics Department Optoelectronics GroupUniversity of San CarlosCebu CityPhilippines.

[1]Ionospheric disturbances in the Southeast Asian region during the super magnetic storm of 20-22 November 2003 were investigated through an ionosonde chain and a GPS network assisted by the space-borne *** early stage of the storm in the postsunset sector,large enhancements in the critical frequency of F layer and total electron content were observed at northern crest region of the equatorial ionization anomaly(EIA), which might be produced by both the storm meridional wind superimposed with traveling atmospheric disturbances and prompt penetration electric field(ppe).During the main phase of the storm when interplanetary magnetic field started a 12-h southward turning, equatorial ionosphere was elevated to a very high level which should be most probably caused by a long-duration ppe ***,at mid-low latitudes,ionosphere witnessed an initial simultaneous decrease then followed by drastic increases,which is very different from the past observations in this region(Reddy and Nishida,1992). Combined analysis of the data from the ionosonde and other space-based measurement shows that for the present case the penetration efficiency of the interplanetary electric field(IEF) to the equatorial ionosphere was larger at night than in the daytime,which agrees with the results of Fejer et al.(2007) showing the ratios of ppe and IEF changes were highly variable with the local *** the recovery phase,EIA was severely inhibited owing to a wind convergence and possibly because of the westward disturbance dynamo electric field.

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石榴果皮提取物对奶牛营养物质消化、瘤胃发酵和性能的影响

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饲料博览 2014年第1期24卷 24-24页

作者： Abarghuei M j Rouzbehan Y Salem A Z M Zamiri M j

试验研究了石榴果皮提取物(ppe)对营养物质消化、瘤胃发酵特性、原虫数量和奶牛性能的影响。试验选取荷斯坦奶牛4头,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,试验期为4 d,分为ppe 0(不添加提取物)、ppe 400(ppe 400 mL·头-1·d-1)、ppe 800(ppe 800 m... 详细信息

试验研究了石榴果皮提取物(ppe)对营养物质消化、瘤胃发酵特性、原虫数量和奶牛性能的影响。试验选取荷斯坦奶牛4头,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,试验期为4 d,分为ppe 0(不添加提取物)、ppe 400(ppe 400 mL·头-1·d-1)、ppe 800(ppe 800 mL·头-1·d-1)、ppe 1 200(ppe 1 200 mL·头-1·d-1)4组。测定干物质采食量、产奶量,干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的消化率。同时还测定奶牛瘤胃发酵特性,包括瘤胃pH、NH3-N的浓度、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度、瘤胃液VFA各组分摩尔浓度、原虫数量和微生物氮。ppe组提高了产奶量、4%标准乳产奶量、乳脂、乳蛋白质产量和产奶性能。添加ppe对奶中乳脂、真蛋白质和乳糖的百分比无影响。ppe降低了NH3-N浓度、总原虫数量、等毛虫属原虫和内毛虫属原虫数量,但微生物氮产量上升。添加ppe对总VFA和VFA各组分摩尔浓度无影响。研究表明,添加ppe可以减少原虫数量、NH3-N浓度,并能提高微生物氮和奶牛的产量和质量。

关键词：奶牛牛奶原生动物瘤胃参数

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乌干达HIV感染患者并发瘙痒性丘疹皮损的病因学研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 6-6页

作者： Resneck jr.j.S. Van Beek M. Furmanski L. 牛新武 Department of Dermatol og y Univ.of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSchool of M edicineSan FranciscoCA 94143-0363Unite d StatesDr.

Context:A frequent cause of human im munodeficiency virus(HIV)-related morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa i s a commonly occurring,intensely prur itic skin *** re-sulting scars ar e disfiguring and *** the substantial prevalence of pruritic p apular eruption(ppe)among HIV-infected Africans,the cause has been elusive. Objective:To determine the etiolog y of ppe occurring in HIV-infected individu ***,Setting,and Patients:Cross-sectional study of HIV-infec ted pat ients with active ppe from clinics in Uganda conducted from May 19through june 6,*** occurred in the month preceding May *** partici pant was clinically examined by 2dermatologists,had laboratory stu dies perfor med,was ad-ministered an epidemiologic questionnaire,and had a skin biopsy of a new lesion evaluated by a d *** Outcome Measures:Histolo gical characteristics of new pruritic *** assessm ents included CD4c ell count,eosinophil count,and physic ian-assessed rash ***:Of 109patients meeting inclusion cri-teria,102(93.6%)-completed th e *** CD4cell counts in this study population were generally low(median ,46/μL)and inversely related to increasing rash severity(median CD4cell counts:122for mild,41for moderate,and 9for severe;P<.001for trend ).Eighty-six patients(84%;95%confidence interval,77%-91%)had biopsy findings characteristic of arthropod *** with arthropod bite s on biopsy had signifi-cantly higher peripheral eosinophi l counts(median, 330vs180/μL;P=.02)and had a trend toward lower CD4cell counts(me dian,40vs 99/μL;P=.07)than those without histological evidence of a rthropod ***-sions:Pruritic papular eruption oc curring in HIV-infe cted individuals may be a reaction to arth ropod *** hy-pothesize that th is condition refle cts an altered and exag-gerated immune response to arthropod antigens in a subset of susceptible HIV-infected patien ts.

关键词： HIV感染患者病因学研究细胞计数免疫缺陷病毒瘙痒性皮疹 median 皮肤科医师组织学特征瘢痕形成研究人群

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