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Agriculture green development in China: insights and advances

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 5-19,I0005页

作者： jianbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Yong HOU Wen-Feng CONG Wen xu jiuliang xu Zhichao AN Xiaoqiang jIAO Kai ZHANG Tianxiang YU Lin MA Oene OENEMA William j.DAVIES Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen6700 AAthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLA14YQUK

Reconciling the tasks of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while preserving the environment and natural ecosystems simultaneously is an enormous challenge. The concept of agriculture green development(AGD) and the necessary governmental policies were developed to address the aforementioned challenge in China and to help achieve the related global sustainable development goals. Agriculture green development emphasizes the synergy between green and development;current agriculture has to transform from the intensive farming with high inputs, high environmental impacts and low resource-use efficiency to a more sustainable agriculture, in order to ensure an adequate supply of nutritious food while delivering environmental integrity, improved economic profitability,and social equity. A research program on AGD was established by China Agricultural University with four research themes, namely: green crop production, green integrated crop-animal production, green food and industry,and green ecological environment and ecosystem services, to provide a scientific basis for future developments and to facilitate the implementation of AGD in practice. AGD requires a multistakeholder approach, fueled by innovative and interdisciplinary research. joint actions have to be taken by governments, farmers, supply industries, consumers, educators, extension services and researchers to support AGD. This requires strong coordination and public awareness campaigns. This review presents the progress that has been made over the past 5 years and makes recommendations for more research and development, in order to better deliver agricultural green and sustainable development on national and international scales.

关键词： Agriculture ecosystem services environmental protection food security green development multi-sectoral cooperation sustainable development

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Significant annealing-induced hardening effect in nanolaminate d-nanotwinne d(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)me dium-entropy alloy by severe cold rolling

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 156-166页

作者： Shuqing Yuan Hui Fu Lei Qian Chi Fai Cheung xu-Sheng Yang State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060China

Due to the easy coarsening caused by poor thermal stability,the verified annealing-induced hardening in nanograined metals can only maintain at a relatively low-temperature *** this study,a nanolam-inated(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)medium-entropy alloy with an average lamellae thickness of∼20 nm embedded by thinner nanotwins was fabricated by severe cold rolling to achieve superior thermal *** with the conventional nanotwinned CrCoNi with nanotwins inside ultra-fined grains,the hier-archical nanolaminated-nanotwinned(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8) exhibits a significant annealing-induced hard-ening effect,i.e.,hardness increasing from∼250 HV in the original specimen to∼500 HV in the cold-rolled status and finally∼630 HV after annealing at 600℃for 1 *** microstructure characterizations reveal that the reduced dislocation density and formation of L1_(2)ordered domain are mainly responsible for such hardening effect,which is facilitated by the effectively suppressed coarsening with annealing temperature,i.e.,slow detwinning process and well-retained low-angle nanolamellar *** coarsening mechanisms from the cold-rolled nanolamellae to the fully recrystallized micro-equiaxed structures under the annealing temperatures ranging from 400 to 800℃ were also elucidated by atomic observations.

关键词： Annealing-induced hardening Thermal stability Nanolaminated-nanotwinned structure CrCoNi Detwinning Grain boundary migration

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A disk I/O optimized system for concurrent graph processing jobs

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 13-29页

作者： Xianghao xu Fang WANG Hong jIANG Yongli CHENG Dan FENG Peng FANG School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Computer Science&Engineering University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China

In order to analyze and process the large graphs with high cost efficiency,researchers have developed a number of out-of-core graph processing systems in recent years based on just one commodity *** the other hand,with the rapidly growing need of analyzing graphs in the real-world,graph processing systems have to efficiently handle massive concurrent graph processing(CGP)***,due to the inherent design for single graph processing job,existing out-of-core graph processing systems usually incur unnecessary data accesses and severe competition of I/O bandwidth when handling the CGP *** this paper,we propose GraphCP,a disk I/O optimized out-of-core graph processing system that efficiently supports the processing of CGP *** proposes a benefit-aware sharing execution model to share the I/O access and processing of graph data among the CGP jobs and adaptively schedule the graph data loading based on the states of vertices,which efficiently overcomes above challenges faced by existing out-of-core graph processing ***,GraphCP adopts a dependency-based future-vertex updating model so as to reduce disk I/Os in the future *** addition,GraphCP organizes the graph data with a Source-Sorted Sub-Block graph representation for better processing capacity and I/O access *** evaluation results show that GraphCP is 20.5×and 8.9×faster than two out-of-core graph processing systems GridGraph and GraphZ,and 3.5×and 1.7×faster than two state-of-art concurrent graph processing systems Seraph and GraphSO.

关键词： graph processing disk I/O concurrent jobs

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Towards complex scenes: A deep learning-based camouflaged people detection method for snapshot multispectral images

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 269-281页

作者： Shu Wang Dawei Zeng Yixuan xu Gonghan Yang Feng Huang Liqiong Chen School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Camouflaged people are extremely expert in actively concealing themselves by effectively utilizing cover and the surrounding environment. Despite advancements in optical detection capabilities through imaging systems, including spectral, polarization, and infrared technologies, there is still a lack of effective real-time method for accurately detecting small-size and high-efficient camouflaged people in complex real-world scenes. Here, this study proposes a snapshot multispectral image-based camouflaged detection model, multispectral YOLO(MS-YOLO), which utilizes the SPD-Conv and Sim AM modules to effectively represent targets and suppress background interference by exploiting the spatial-spectral target information. Besides, the study constructs the first real-shot multispectral camouflaged people dataset(MSCPD), which encompasses diverse scenes, target scales, and attitudes. To minimize information redundancy, MS-YOLO selects an optimal subset of 12 bands with strong feature representation and minimal inter-band correlation as input. Through experiments on the MSCPD, MS-YOLO achieves a mean Average Precision of 94.31% and real-time detection at 65 frames per second, which confirms the effectiveness and efficiency of our method in detecting camouflaged people in various typical desert and forest scenes. Our approach offers valuable support to improve the perception capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles in detecting enemy forces and rescuing personnel in battlefield.

关键词： Camouflaged people detection Snapshot multispectral imaging Optimal band selection MS-YOLO Complex remote sensing scenes

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Recent developments in selective laser processes for wearable devices

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 517-547页

作者： Youngchan Kim Eunseung Hwang Chang Kai Kaichen xu Heng Pan Sukjoon Hong Optical Nanoprocessing Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringBK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE CenterHanyang University55 Hanyangdaehak-RoSangnok-GuAnsan 15588Republic of Korea Multiscale Manufacturing Lab J.Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Recently,the increasing interest in wearable technology for personal healthcare and smart virtual/augmented reality applications has led to the development of facile fabrication *** have long been used to develop original solutions to such challenging technological problems due to their remote,sterile,rapid,and site-selective processing of *** this review,recent developments in relevant laser processes are summarized under two separate ***,transformative approaches,such as for laser-induced graphene,are *** addition to design optimization and the alteration of a native substrate,the latest advances under a transformative approach now enable more complex material compositions and multilayer device configurations through the simultaneous transformation of heterogeneous precursors,or the sequential addition of functional layers coupled with other electronic *** addition,the more conventional laser techniques,such as ablation,sintering,and synthesis,can still be used to enhance the functionality of an entire system through the expansion of applicable materials and the adoption of new ***,various wearable device components developed through the corresponding laser processes are discussed,with an emphasis on chemical/physical sensors and energy *** addition,special attention is given to applications that use multiple laser sources or processes,which lay the foundation for the all-laser fabrication of wearable devices.

关键词： Selective laser process Wearable device Transformative approach Laser-induced graphene Ablation Sintering Synthesis

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Vibration-assisted vat photopolymerization for pixelated-aliasing-free surface fabrication

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International journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 440-456页

作者： Han xu Renzhi Hu Shuai Chen junhong Zhu Chi Zhou Yong Chen Center for Advanced Manufacturing University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007United States of America Daniel j.Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States of America Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States of America Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260United States of America

Mask image projection-based vat photopolymerization(MIP-VPP)offers advantages like low cost,high resolution,and a wide material range,making it popular in industry and ***,MIP-VPP employing liquid crystal displays(LCDs)has gained traction,increasingly replacing digital micromirror devices,particularly among hobbyists and in educational settings,and is now beginning to be used in industrial ***,LCD-based MIP-VPPsuffers from pronounced pixelated aliasing arising from LCD’s discrete image pixels and itsdirect-contact configuration in MIP-VPP machines,leading to rough surfaces on the 3D-printed ***,we propose a vibration-assisted MIP-VPP method that utilizes a microscalevibration to uniformize the light intensity distribution of the LCD-based mask image on VPP’s building *** maintaining the same fabrication speed,our technique generates asmoother,non-pixelated mask image,reducing the roughness on flat surfaces and boundary segments of 3D-printed *** light intensity modeling and simulation,we derived an optimal vibration pattern for LCD mask images,subsequently validated by *** assessed the surface texture,boundary integrity,and dimensional accuracy of componentsproduced using the vibration-assisted *** notably smoother surfaces and improved boundary roughness enhance the printing quality of MIP-VPP,enabling its promisingapplications in sectors like the production of 3D-printed optical devices and others.

关键词： additive manufacturing vat photopolymerization piezo vibration sub-pixel resolution aliasing

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Steady-state Voltage Security-constrained Optimal Frequency Control for Weak HVDC Sending-end AC Power Systems

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journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 658-669页

作者： Qiangqiang Wang Liangzhong Yao jian xu Yuping Zheng Wei Li Wei Wang School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center for AC/DC Intelligent Distribution Network(Wuhan University) Wuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group Corporation(State Grid Electric Power Research Institute)Nanjing 211106China

Due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(RESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVDC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVDC sending-end AC power systems have *** has resulted in potential system operating problems such as overvoltage and overfrequency,which occur simultaneously when block faults exist in the HVDC *** this study,a steady-state voltage security-constrained optimal frequency control method for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is *** integrated virtual inertia control of RESs is employed for system frequency *** dynamic reactive power compensation devices are utilized to control the voltage of all nodes meet voltage security ***,an optimization model that simultaneously considers the frequency and steady-state voltage security constraints for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is *** optimal control scheme with the minimum total cost of generation tripping and additional dynamic reactive power compensation required is obtained through the optimization *** are conducted on a modified IEEE 9-bus test system and practical Qing-Yu line commutated converter based HVDC(LCC-HVDC)sending-end AC power system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Renewable energy source(RES) high-voltage direct current(HVDC) AC power system optimal frequency control steady-state voltage security dynamic reactive power compensation

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Accurate characterization of bubble mixing uniformity in a circular region using computational geometric theory

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 149-159页

作者： Hui Sun jianxin xu Shibo Wang Guangcheng Cai Hua Wang Wuliang Yin State Key Laboratory ofComplex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650093China bFaulty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650093China Faculty of Science Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650500China Department of Elec.and Electronic Engineering.University of Manchester ManchesterM139PL UK

The present study proposes a novel method based on the geometric theory for measuring the distribution of bubble swarms in the circular region of a direct-contact heat *** was determined that the mixing is uniform when the average distance between the bubble swarms in the unit circular region is approximately 0.9054,which is the standard reference *** effect of sample size(i.e.,the number of bubbles)on mixing uniformity was investigated to determine the optimal sample *** was verified that the metric's accuracy and stability were higher with a sample size of ***,it was proposed to increase the sample size by filling irregular bubbles using a segmentation method,which enabled a further accurate assessment of the mixing *** mixing uniformity of bubble swarms in the circular region and its maximum internal connection with the square region was accurately *** was revealed that the relative average error increased by approximately 3.47% due to information *** proposed method was demonstrated to be rotationally *** present study provided novel insights into evaluating mixing uniformity,which would guide enhanced heat transfer and the effective evaluation of the spatiotemporal characteristics of transient mixing in circular regions or the cross-sections of chemical transport pipelines.

关键词： Direct-contact heat exchanger Circular region Bubble swarm Distribution uniformity AD-Circle method

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Atomistic Investigation of Shock-Induced Amorphization within Micro-shear Bands in Hexagonal Close-Packed Titanium

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1590-1600页

作者： Z.C.Meng K.G.Wang T.Ali D.Li C.G.Bai D.S.xu S.j.Li A.H.Feng G.j.Cao j.H.Yao Q.B.Fan H.Wang R.Yang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Interdisciplinary Centre for Additive Manufacturing(ICAM) School of Materials and ChemistryUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials Under Shock and Impact School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401135China

The mechanical response of a single crystal titanium sample against(0001)α surface impact was investigated using molecular dynamics ***,non-uniform plastic deformation was observed in the *** high strain rates,amorphization occurred near the edge of the contact region where severe shear strain induced a large number of stacking faults(SFs)and *** contrast,the central part of the contact region underwent less deformation with significantly fewer ***,instead of amorphization by consuming SFs and dislocations,there was a gradual increase in the density of dislocations and SFs during the process of *** local amorphous regions eventually grew into shear bands.

关键词： Shock compression Amorphization Shear band Titanium Molecular dynamics

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Tuning electronic properties of cobalt phthalocyanines for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 398-407页

作者： jianlin jiang Zhen Liu Shuaijun Pan Xinnian Xia Bing Qin Yang Hu xuxu Wang jiamin Lan Yu Gu Encai Ou Weijian xu joseph j.Richardson Rui Guo SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Department of Chemical Engineering The University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia

Metal–phthalocyanines are a class of catalytically active materials promising in energy conversion and storage fields(e.g.,electrocatalysis).However,understanding and controlling the electrochemical properties in metal-phthalocyanine systems is ***,we elucidate the electrocatalytic origins of a series of cobalt-phthalocyanine molecular catalysts and finetune their electronic properties at the atomic level,both experimentally and *** interactions between the cobalt center and the local coordination environment are regulated by introducing either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups on the phthalocyanine ligand,and the spin-orbit splitting of cobalt is increased by~0.15 eV compared with the nonsubstituted ***,the aminated cobalt phthalocyanine-based electrocatalysts exhibit low free energies in the ratedetermining steps of the oxygen reduction(-1.68 eV)and oxygen evolution reactions(0.37 eV).This contributes to the high electrocatalytic activity(e.g.,a halfwave potential of 0.84 V and an overpotential of 0.30 V at 10 mAcm^(-2)),featuring a high selectivity of a four-electron pathway(i.e.,a negligible by-product of hydrogen peroxide).These catalysts also exhibit exceptional kinetic current density(Tafel slope of 100 mV dec^(-1))in oxygen reduction reactions,in addition to a superior power density(158 mWcm^(-2))and a high cycling stability(>1,300 cycles)in Zn-air batteries,outperforming the commercial Pt/C and/or RuO2counterparts.

关键词： interfacial wettability molecular catalysts carbon nanotubes density functional theory electrochemistry

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