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Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain injury in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery L.m.ller nathan K.Evanson j.m.chael Taylor University of Cincinnati College of m.dicine CincinnatiOHUSA Departm.nt of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Departm.nt of Neurology and Rehabilitation m.dicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation m.dicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharm.cologic options for the treatm.nt of cognitive deficits associated with traum.tic brain injury in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traum.tic brain injury,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a djuvant treatm.nt fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traum.tic brain *** queried Pubm.d to identify literature published from.database inception thro ugh june 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traum.tic brain injury and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after elim.nating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traum.tic brain injury,we review results from.14 papers detailing 227 subjects where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both objective and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from.traum.tic brain injury,showing lim.ted *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its prom.se for efficacy in adults with traum.tic brain injury and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traum.tic brain injury is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traum.tic brain injury

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Precise genom.-editing in hum.n diseases:m.chanism.,strategies and applications

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1065-1085页

作者： Yanjiang Zheng Yifei Li Kaiyu Zhou Tiange Li nathan j.VanDusen Yim.n Hua Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Wom.n and Children of m.E Department of PediatricsWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Departm.nt of Cardiovascular Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Departm.nt of Pediatrics Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric ResearchIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Precise genom.-editing platform. are versatile tools for generating specific,site-directed DNA insertions,deletions,and *** continuous enhancem.nt of these tools has led to a revolution in the life sciences,which prom.ses to deliver novel therapies for genetic *** genom.-editing can be traced back to the 1950s with the discovery of DNA’s doublehelix and,after 70 years of developm.nt,has evolved from.crude in vitro applications to a wide range of sophisticated capabilities,including in vivo ***,precise genom.-editing faces constraints such as m.dest efficiency,delivery challenges,and off-target *** this review,we explore precise genom.-editing,with a focus on introduction of the landm.rk events in its history,various platform.,delivery system.,and ***,we discuss the landm.rk events in the history of precise ***,we describe the current state of precise genom.-editing strategies and explain how these techniques offer unprecedented precision and versatility for m.difying the hum.n ***,we introduce the current delivery system. used to deploy precise genom.-editing com.onents through DNA,RNA,and ***,we sum.arize the current applications of precise genom.-editing in labeling endogenous genes,screening genetic variants,m.lecular recording,generating disease m.dels,and gene therapy,including ex vivo therapy and in vivo therapy,and discuss potential future advances.

关键词： precise generating editing

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Solvation Effects on the Dielectric Constant of 1 m.LiPF6 in Ethylene Carbonate:Ethyl m.thyl Carbonate 3:7

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Energy & Environm.ntal m.terials 2024年第1期7卷 253-256页

作者： julian Self nathan T.Hahn Kristin A.Persson Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA m.terial Physical and Chemical Sciences CenterSandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNM 87185USA

We report the dielectric constant of 1 m.LiPF_(6)in EC:Em. 3∶7 w/w(ethylene carbonate/ethyl m.thyl carbonate)in addition to neat EC:Em. 3∶7 w/*** three Debye relaxations,the static perm.ttivity value,or dielectric constant,is extrapolated to 18.5,which is com.ared to 18.7 for the neat solvent *** EC solvent is found to strongly coordinate with the Li^(+)cations of the salt,which results in a loss of dielectric contribution to the ***,the sm.ll am.litude and large uncertainty in relaxation frequency for Em. cloud definitive identification of the Li^(+)solvation ***,the loss of the free EC perm.ttivity contribution due to Li^(+)solvation is alm.st com.letely balanced by the positive contribution of the associated LiPF_(6)salt,dem.nstrating that a significant quantity of dipolar ion pairs exists in 1 m.LiPF_(6)in EC:Em. 3∶7.

关键词： batteries dielectric relaxation spectroscopy electrolytes

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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Herm.tia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： nathan m.ijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zom.r Deborah Rjkers H.j.van der Fels-Klerx joop j.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Herm.tia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative anim.l feed *** insects m.y be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aim.d to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"m.del"substances for each of these classes(cyperm.thrin;pirim.phosm.thyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cyperm.thrin(0.4 m./kg)and pirim.phos-m.thyl(4.8 m./kg)were *** addition of PBO to cyperm.thrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were com.ared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(perm.thrin,deltam.thrin;chlorpyrifosm.thyl,m.lathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations com.lying with legal lim.ts can cause significant reductions in *** to m.ltiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltam.thrin was m.st toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 m./*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biom.ss was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(m.8%to 75%for *** to very low lim.ts in insect biom.ss(~0.01 m./kg),high transfer m.y result in *** is recom.ended that rearing com.anies im.lem.nt lower contractual thresholds,and that policym.kers consider adjusting legally allowed m.xim.m.residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： j.Touche C.Calvaruso P.De Donato m.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the com.ng decades in Western Europe m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorption,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.are the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the potassium.K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of potassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.rove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation perform.nce of m.lti-layered periodic foundations

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.j.m.Hm.ODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of m.chanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are num.rically exam.ned for their responses to longitudinal and transverse m.des in the tim. and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,com.rising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber m.terials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is m.deled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the com.lex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the sim.lations of wave transm.ssion in the tim. and frequency dom.ins are perform.d using the COm.OL *** param.tric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity m.dels on the dispersion curves and the wave transm.ssion for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-m.de dam.ing is m.re sensitive to the viscoelasticity m.del than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from.4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered m.tam.terial periodic foundation com.lex dispersion curve wave transm.ssion diagram

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Inhaled volatile anesthetics in the intensive care unit

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World journal of Critical Care m.dicine 2024年第1期13卷 28-39页

作者： Erin D Wieruszewski m.riam.ElSaban Patrick m.Wieruszewski nathan j Sm.schney Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Anesthesiology and Perioperative m.dicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Departm.nt of Anesthesiology&Perioperative m.dicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

The discovery and utilization of volatile anesthetics has significantly transform.d surgical practices since their inception in the m.d-19th ***,a paradigm.shift is observed as volatile anesthetics extend beyond traditional confines of the operating theatres,finding diverse applications in intensive care *** the dynam.c landscape of intensive care,volatile anesthetics em.rge as a prom.sing avenue for addressing com.lex sedation requirem.nts,m.naging refractory lung pathologies including acute respiratory distress syndrom. and status asthm.ticus,conditions of high sedative requirem.nts including burns,high opioid or alcohol use and neurological conditions such as status *** anesthetics can be adm.nistered through either inhaled route via anesthetic m.chines/devices or through extracorporeal m.m.rane oxygenation circuitry,providing intensivists with m.ltiple options to tailor ***,their unique pharm.cokinetic profiles render them.titratable and em.ower clinicians to individualize m.nagem.nt with heightened accuracy,m.tigating risks associated with conventional sedation *** the am.unting enthusiasm.for the use of these therapies,barriers to widespread utilization include expanding equipm.nt availability,staff fam.liarity and training of safe *** article delves into the realm.of applying inhaled volatile anesthetics in the intensive care unit through discussing their pharm.cology,adm.nistration considerations in intensive care settings,com.lication considerations,and listing indications and evidence of the use of volatile anesthetics in the critically ill patient population.

关键词： Anesthesia Critical care m.chanical ventilation Sedation Volatile anesthetics Sedative

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Isolative Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose and Cellulose Nanocrystals from.Typha angustifolia

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Open journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2443-2459页

作者： Lynda S. m.soppirr Evans K. Suter Wesley N. Om.oyo nathan m. Oyaro Sim.hiwe m. Nelana Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Physical Science Maasai Mara University Narok Kenya Biotechnology and Chem.stry Departm.nt Vaal University of Technology Vanderbijlpark South Africa

The application potential of cellulosic m.terials in natural com.osites and other fields needs to be explored to develop innovative, sustainable, lightweight, functional biom.ss m.terials that are also environm.ntally friendly. This study investigated Typha angustifolia (Typha sp.) as a potential new raw m.terial for extracting cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) for application in wastewater treatm.nt com.osites. Alkaline treatm.nts and bleaching were used to rem.ve cellulose from.the stem.fibres. The CNCs were then isolated from.the recovered cellulose using acid hydrolysis. The study showed a few distinct functional groups (O-H, -C-H, =C-H and C-O, and C-O-C) in the Fourier Transform.Infrared (FTIR) spectra. A scanning electron m.croscope (SEm. revealed the sm.oth surface of CPC and CNCs, which resulted from.rem.ving lignin and hem.cellulose from.powdered Typha angustifolia. Based on the crystalline index, the powdered Typha angustifolia, CPC, and CNCs were 42.86%, 66.94% and 77.41%. The loss of the am.rphous section of the Typha sp. fibre resulted in a decrease in particle size. It m.y be inferred from.the features of a Typha sp. CNC that CNCs m.y be em.loyed as reinforcem.nt in com.osites for wastewater treatm.nt.

关键词： Typha angustifolia Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis Chem.cally Purified Cellulose Cellulose Nanocrystals

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Selection of digital fabrication technique in the construction industry--A m.lti-criteria decision-m.king approach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 977-997页

作者： m.P.SALAIm.NIm.GUDAm.j.jAYAPRAKASH Departm.nt of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering School of Civil EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Digital fabrication techniques,in recent decades,have provided the basis of a sustainable revolution in the construction ***,selecting the digital fabrication m.thod in term. of m.nufacturability and functionality requirem.nts is a com.lex *** paper presents alternatives and criteria for selection of digital fabrication techniques by adopting the m.lti-criteria decision-m.king *** alternatives considered in the study are concrete three-dim.nsional(3D)printing,shotcrete,sm.rt dynam.c casting,m.terial intrusion,m.sh m.lding,injection concrete 3D printing,and thin form.ng *** criteria include form.ork utilization,reinforcem.nt incorporation,geom.trical com.lexity,m.terial enhancem.nt,assem.ly com.lexity,surface finish,and build *** dem.nstrates different m.lti-criteria decision-m.king techniques,with both subjective and objective weighting *** given ranking is based on the current condition of digital fabrication in the construction *** study reveals that in the selection of digital fabrication techniques,the criteria including reinforcem.nt incorporation,build area,and geom.trical com.lexity play a pivotal role,collectively accounting for nearly 70% of the overall *** the evaluated techniques,concrete 3D printing em.rged as the best perform.r,however the shotcrete and m.sh m.lding techniques in the second and third positions.

关键词： digital fabrication m.lticriteria decision-m.king concrete 3D printing

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Lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod form.lation for sim.lation of therm.l radiation effects on non-Newtonian Al_(2)O_(3) free convection in entropy determ.nation

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1085-1106页

作者： m.NEm.TI m.SEFID A.KARIm.POUR A.j.CHAm.HA Faculty of m.chanical Engineering Yazd UniversityYazd ***Iran Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran Faculty of Engineering Kuwait College of Science and TechnologyDoha 35004Kuwait

The sim.ltaneous investigation on the param.ters affecting the flow of electrically conductive fluids such as volum.tric radiation,heat absorption,heat generation,and m.gnetic field(m.)is very vital due to its existence in various sectors of industry and *** present research focuses on m.them.tical m.deling to sim.late the cooling of a hot com.onent through power-law(PL)nanofluid convection *** tem.erature reduction of the hot com.onent inside a two-dim.nsional(2D)inclined cham.er with two different cold wall shapes is *** form.lation of the problem.is derived with the lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod(LBm.by code writing via the FORTRAN *** variables such as the radiation param.ter(0–1),the Hartm.nn num.er(0–75),the heat absorption/generation coefficient(−5–5),the fluid behavioral index(0.8–1.2),the Rayleigh num.er(103–105),the im.osed m. angle(0°–90°),the cham.er inclination angle(−90°–90°),and the cavity cold wall shape(sm.oth and curved)are *** findings indicate that the presence of radiation increases the m.an Nusselt num.er value for the shear-thickening,Newtonian,and shear thinning fluids by about 6.2%,4%,and 2%,*** m.st cases,the presence of nanoparticles im.roves the heat transfer(HT)rate,especially in the cases where therm.l conduction dom.nates *** is the lowest cooling perform.nce index and m. effect for the cavity placed at an angle of 90°.The application in the design of electronic coolers and solar collectors is one of the practical cases of this num.rical research.

关键词： therm.l perform.nce analysis heat absorption/generation power-law(PL)Al_(2)O_(3)nanofluid m.gnetohydrodynam.cs natural convection volum.tric radiation inclined cavity

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