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Assessment of large-scale multiple forest disturbance susceptibilities with AutoML framework: an Izmir Regional Forest Directorate case

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journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 73-88页

作者： Remzi Eker Kamber Can Alkiş Abdurrahim Aydın Department of Forest Engineering Faculty of ForestryIzmir KatipÇelebi University35620 IzmirTurkey Graduate School of natural and Applied Sciences Izmir KatipÇelebi University35620 IzmirTurkey Department of Forest Engineering Faculty of ForestryDüzce University81620 DüzceTurkey

Disturbances such as forest fires,intense winds,and insect damage exert strong impacts on forest ecosystems by shaping their structure and growth dynamics,with contributions from climate ***,there is a need for reliable and operational methods to monitor and map these disturbances for the development of suitable management *** susceptibility assessment using machine learning methods has increased,most studies have focused on a single ***,there has been limited exploration of the use of“Automated Machine Learning(AutoML)”in the *** this study,susceptibility assessment for multiple forest disturbances(fires,insect damage,and wind damage)was conducted using the PyCaret AutoML framework in the Izmir Regional Forest Directorate(RFD)in *** AutoML framework compared 14 machine learning algorithms and ranked the best models based on AUC(area under the curve)*** extra tree classifier(ET)algorithm was selected for modeling the susceptibility of each disturbance due to its good performance(AUC values>0.98).The study evaluated susceptibilities for both individual and multiple disturbances,creating a total of four susceptibility maps using fifteen driving factors in the *** to the results,82.5%of forested areas in the Izmir RFD are susceptible to multiple disturbances at high and very high ***,a potential forest disturbances map was created,revealing that 15.6%of forested areas in the Izmir RFD may experience no damage from the disturbances considered,while 54.2%could face damage from all three *** SHAP(Shapley Additive exPlanations)methodology was applied to evaluate the importance of features on prediction and the nonlinear relationship between explanatory features and susceptibility to disturbance.

关键词： AutoML Forest disturbances Forest fire Insect Susceptibility Wind

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Machine learning in liver surgery:Benefits and pitfalls

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2134-2137页

作者： Rafael Calleja Manuel Durán María Dolores Ayllón Ruben Ciria javier Briceño Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaMaimonides Biomedical Research Institute of CordobaCórdoba 14004Spain

The application of machine learning(ML)algorithms in various fields of hepatology is an issue of ***,we must be cautious with the *** this letter,based on a published ML prediction model for acute kidney injury after liver surgery,we discuss some limitations of ML models and how they may be addressed in the *** the future faces significant challenges,it also holds a great potential.

关键词： Machine learning Liver surgery Artificial intelligence Random forest Prediction model

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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第02期 91-98页

作者： j.Pe?as A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil L.Martín A.Reija C.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo j.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio Láser de Aceleración y Aplicaciones RIAIDT Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas y Dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de Salamanca Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are introduced. The assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser irradiations. The automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target, which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel, enables operation at rates up to 10 Hz. Stable and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated, with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

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necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens:Challenges in testing and using alternative products

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Animal nutrition 2024年第01期16卷 288-298页

作者： Robert j.Moore School of Science RMIT University

The global trend towards raising broiler chickens without the use of in-feed antibiotics(IFAs) means that there is an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments capable of delivering the benefits that IFAs previously provided. IFAs supported the productivity performance of chickens and played a key role in maintaining their health. necrotic enteritis(nE) is an important disease of broilers that affects health,productivity, and welfare, and was previously well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA use, nE is resurgent in some countries. Vaccines and various feed additives, including pre-, pro-, and postbiotics, phytobiotics, fatty acids, and phage therapies have been introduced as alternative methods of nE control. While some of these feed additives have specific activity against the nE pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, most have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extensive reviews of the effects of many of these feed additives on gut health have been published recently. Hence, rather than cover previously well reviewed areas of research this review focuses on the challenges and pitfalls in undertaking experimental assessment of alternative nE treatments and translating laboratory research to real world commercial production settings. The review is based on the author's particular experience,reading, thoughts, and analysis of the available information and inevitably presents a particular understanding that is likely to be at odds with others thinking on these issues. It is put forward to stimulate thinking and discussion on the issues covered.

关键词： necrotic enteritis Clostridium perfringens Vaccines Feed additive Farm management

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Mid-term survival of the Optimys short stem: A prospective case series of 500 patients

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 257-265页

作者： Bryan Hamans Sheryl de Waard Sjoerd Kaarsemaker Esther R C janssen Inger n Sierevelt Gino M M j Kerkhoffs Daniël Haverkamp Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Xpert ClinicAmsterdam 1101EANetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Amsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Esther R C janssen Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryViecuri Medisch CentrumVenlo 5912 BLNetherlands Centre for Orthopaedic Research Spaarne ZiekenhuisHoofddorp 2134 TMNetherlands Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Amsterdam UMC-Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Xpert Orthopedic Surgery ClinicAmsterdam 1101 EANetherlands

BACKGROUnD In recent years,there has been an increase in the number of total hip arthroplasty procedures in the younger patient *** active group has higher expectations of their prosthesis in comparison to the older population,and there is a greater physical demand for the *** femoral stems were in-troduced to retain proximal bone stock and joint biomechanics and became more common to implant in this specific ***,the long-term survival and functional outcomes of various short stems are still being investigated in different *** To determine the 5-year survival of the Optimys hip *** This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of 500 patients conducted in two hospitals in the *** patients received the Optimys short stem(Mathys Ltd,Bettlach,Switzerland).The primary outcome measure was survival of the hip stem,with revision as the *** secondary outcome measurements included patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs).Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate the 5-year survival ***-minus-log transformation was performed to calculate the 95%confidence interval(95%CI).Mixed model analyses were performed to assess the course of the PROMs during the 1st 2 years after *** were modeled separately for the 1st and 2nd years to calculate the yearly change in PROMs during both follow-up periods with accompanying 95%*** The mean age of the total 500 patients was 62.3 years(standard deviation:10.6)and 202 were male(40%).At a median follow-up of 5.5 years(interquartile range:4.5-6.7),7 patients were deceased and 6 revisions were registered,for infection(n=3),subsidence(n=2)and malposition(n=1).This resulted in an overall 5-year survival of 98.8%(95%CI:97.3-99.5).If infection was left out as reason for revision,a stem survival of 99.4%(95%CI:98.1-99.8)was *** questionnaires were completed by 471 patients(94%),317 patients(63%)completed the 1-year follow-up questionna

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Femoral stem Short stem Optimys Survival 5-year survival Revision PROMs

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new trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： Efstathios T Pavlidis Ioannis n Galanis Theodoros E Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeutic Department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(GB)carcinoma,although relatively rare,is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma with aggressiveness and poor *** is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing large(>3 cm)gallstones in up to 90%of *** other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes,GB wall calcification(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcifications,and GB polyps≥1 cm in *** is made by ultrasound,computed tomography(CT),and,more precisely,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Preoperative staging is of great importance in decisionmaking regarding therapeutic *** staging is based on MRI findings,the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging,enhanced three-phase CT angiography,or magnetic resonance angiography for major vessel *** is also necessary to use positron emission tomography(PET)-CT or ^(18)F-FDG PET-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits with active metabolic *** laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherwise found in 20%-28.6%of *** treatment is needed,including surgical resection,targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and *** is of great importance to understand the updated guidelines and current treatment *** extent of surgical intervention depends on the disease stage,ranging from simple cholecystectomy(T1a)to extended resections and including extended cholecystectomy(T1b),with wide lymph node resection in every case or IV-V segmentectomy(T2),hepatic trisegmentectomy or major hepatectomy accompanied by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y,and adjacent organ resection if necessary(T3).Laparoscopic or robotic surgery shows fewer postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery,but much attention must be paid to avoiding *** addition to surgery,novel targe

关键词： Biliary tract neoplasms Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases Biliary tree diseases Gastrointestinal malignancies

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Thermal analysis of the Rindler-Schwarzschild black hole via corrected entropy

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 95-106页

作者： Allah Ditta Xia Tiecheng Riasat Ali AliÖvgün Department of Mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Physics Department Eastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagusta99628 North Cyprus via Mersin 10Turkiye

In this study,we investigate the thermodynamic characteristics of the Rindler–Schwarzschild black hole *** analysis encompasses the examination of energy emission,Gibbs free energy,and thermal *** calculate various quantities such as the Hawking temperature,geometric mass,and heat capacity to assess the local and global thermodynamic *** temperature of the black hole is determined using the first law of thermodynamics,while the energy emission rate is evaluated as *** computing the Gibbs free energy,we explore the phase transition behavior exhibited by Rindler–Schwarzschild black hole,specifically examining the swallowing ***,we derive the corrected entropy to investigate the influence of thermal fluctuations on small and large black ***,we compare the impact of correction terms on the thermodynamic system by comparing the results obtained for large black holes and small black holes.

关键词： black holes thermodynamics thermal fluctuations heat capacity Gibbs free energy energy emission Rindler–Schwarzschild black hole

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Management of obstructed colorectal carcinoma in an emergency setting:An update

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 598-613页

作者： Efstathios T Pavlidis Ioannis n Galanis Theodoros E Pavlidis 2nd Propedeutic Department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Colorectal carcinoma is common,particularly on the left *** 20%of patients,obstruction and ileus may be the first clinical manifestations of a carcinoma that has advanced(stage II,III or even IV).Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation,plain abdominal radiogram,computed tomography(CT),CT colonography and positron emission tomography/*** best management strategy in terms of short-term operative or interventional and long-term oncological outcomes re-mains *** the most common left-sided obstruction,the first choice should be either emergency surgery or endoscopic decompression by self-expen-dable metal stents or *** operative plan should be either one-stage or two-stage ***-stage resection with on-table bowel decompression and irrigation can be accompanied or not accompanied by proximal defunctioning stoma(colostomy or ileostomy).Primary anastomosis is more convenient but has increased risks of anastomotic leakage and ***-stage resection(Hart-mann’s procedure)is safer and the most widely used despite temporally affecting quality of *** control surgery in high-risk frail patients is less frequently performed since it can be successfully substituted with endoscopic stenting or *** the less common right-sided obstruction,one-stage surgical resection is more beneficial than endoscopic *** role of minimally invasive surgery(laparoscopic or robotic)is a subject of *** laparoscopic-assisted management is advantageous to some extent but requires much expertise due to inherent difficulties in dissecting the distended colon and the risk of rup-ture and subsequent septic *** decompressing stent as a bridge to elective surgery more substantially decreases the risks of morbidity and mortality than emergency surgery for decompression and has equivalent medium-term overall survival and disease-free survival *** combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation may have a p

关键词： Acute abdomen Obstructive ileus Colorectal carcinoma Emergency surgery Colectomy Intraluminal metal stents

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Enhanced heavy and extra heavy oil recovery: Current status and new trends

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PETROLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 399-410页

作者： Gomaa, Sayed Salem, Khalaf G. El-hoshoudy, A. n. Al Azhar Univ Fac Engn Min & Petr Engn Dept Cairo Egypt South Valley Egyptian Petr Holding Co GAnOPE Dept Reservoir Engn Cairo Egypt Egyptian Petr Res Inst PVT Lab Prod Dept Cairo 11727 Egypt Egyptian Petr Res Inst EPRI PVT Serv Ctr Cairo 11727 Egypt

Due to the increased demand for energy resources these days, especially due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, the focus of the major countries is turning strongly towards improving oil production, especially heavy and extra heavy oil, which represents 40% of the world oil reserve. Steam-based and thermal (EOR) procedures are promising techniques for recovering heavy oil reservoirs, but they suffer from a sequence of problems and complications that arise after long-term application. These complications comprise steam breakthrough, steam overlap, and steam/rock interactions. This research presents the currently applied techniques to maximize the productivity of heavy oil, such as steam injection, cyclic steam stimulation, in-situ combustion, and steam-assisted gravity drainage. Thermal technologies face numerous obstacles, as they are energy and water-intensive processes that are not environmentally friendly. The research also presents future trends in energy-saving and environmentally friendly techniques that enhance heavy oil recovery through vapor extraction (VAPEX) steam-solvent hybrid techniques, electromagnetic energy, sonication, and nanotechnology. The findings of this review reported that all the presented techniques focus on how to reduce the oil viscosity and in-situ upgrade the crude oil properties. In turn, these enhance both the productivity rate and oil recovery and minimize the production cost. This article can be considered a comprehensive review of thermal recovery methods in heavy and extra-heavy oil, in addition to screening criteria used for each method. (c) 2023 Southwest Petroleum University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-nC-nD license (http:// ***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Enhanced oil recovery Heavy crude oil Steam flood Hybrid techniques nanotechnology In-SITU-COMBUSTIOn ASSISTED GRAVITY-DRAInAGE CYCLIC-STEAM-STIMULATIOn ROCK WETTABILITY VAPOR EXTRACTIOn InjECTIOn PERFORMAnCE BITUMEn SAGD EOR

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Tuning structural,electrical,dielectric and magnetic properties of Mg-Cu-Co ferrites via dysprosium(Dy^(3+))doping

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 137-146,I0005页

作者： Maria Akhtar M.S.Hasan nasir Amin n.A.Morley Muhammad Imran Arshad Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Physics The University of Lahore53700Pakistan Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of SheffieldS13JDUK Department of Physics&Astronomy University College LondonUK

In current research work,Dy3+substituted Mg0.5Cu0.25Co0.25Fe2-xDyxO4(0.0≤x≤0.04 with the step interval of 0.01)soft ferrites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto combustion *** prepared samples were characterized by the techniques using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,curre nt-voltage(Ⅰ-Ⅴ)measurement,LCR meter,vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and *** data reveal that the average crystallite size is 49.71 nm and the lattice constant is 0.83703 nm for sample x=*** non-uniform grain growth was demonstrated by micrographs and impurity-free elemental composition was observed from EDX *** DC resistivity has an increasing and decreasing trend in ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regions with an increase in ***,the high resistivity is observed with the order of 1010Ω·cm,and the activation energy is 0.944 eV for samples x=*** dielectric parameters including dielectric constant,dielectric losses,and impedance gradually decrease with the increase in frequency from 8 Hz to 8 *** minimum dielectric loss at high frequency is found for sample x=*** coercivity(Hc)and saturation magnetization(Ms)are found in the ranges of 520.82-544.02 Oe and 20.5841-21.1473 emu/g,*** observations confirm that dysprosium(x=0.03)doped MCC-soft ferrites may be applicable in transformer cores,microwave absorbance,and telecommunication devices.

关键词： Soft ferrites DC resistivity Dielectric loss Impedance Coercivity Rare earths

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