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Collecting Ophiocordyceps sinensis:an emerging livelihood strategy in the Garhwal,Indian Himalaya

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journal of mountain Science 2017年第2期14卷 390-402页

作者： Laura CAPLINS Sarah j.HALVORSON Department of Society and Conservation College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana59812USA Department of Geography College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana59812USA

In the Garhwal of Uttarakhand, India, the Bhotiya, an ethnically and culturally distinct tribal group, were historically engaged in seasonal migration(i.e. transhumance) to take advantage of scarce mountain resources and trade relations with Tibet. This livelihood practice has all but *** are adapting to these changing circumstances by engaging in the collection and sale of the valuable alpine medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis, widely known as Cordyceps. The collection of this fungus has exploded, emerging as a lucrative yet high-risk livelihood strategy for many Bhotiya *** Bhotiyas' historic herding and trade-based interactions and knowledge of these alpine environments where Cordyceps are found uniquely positions them to access this valuable biological resource. Elsewhere in the Himalayan region, some households are earning as much as two-thirds of their income from the collection of Cordyceps; in China Cordyceps is now listed as an endangered species due to intense over-exploitation in the Tibetan *** paper seeks to fill the void in the scientific literature on the social, ecological and economic aspects of the emerging Cordyceps trade in the Garhwal. Our study investigates the socio-spatial dimensions of Cordyceps collection in the high alpine meadows. We document how a fusion of local knowledge and practice with alpine mountain systems has served to reinvigorate the economic integrity of mountain communities at a time of rapid socioeconomic change and to reimagine a new relationship between alpine resources and community *** article offers suggestions to address the sustainability of both Cordyceps collection and livelihood activities which hinge on this fungus population. We find a need for(1) community-based conservation measures that are rooted in(2) secure resource access rights for local communities to continue sustainable collection and sale of Cordyceps and(3) participatory-and science-based proc

关键词： Cordyceps ( Ophiocordyceps sinensis) Garhwal Himalaya Livelihood Alpine meadows Bhotiya Sustainability

HYDROLOGICALLY DRIVEN mECHANISmS OF HEADCUT DEVELOPmENT

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International journal of Sediment Research 2005年第3期20卷 22-30页

作者： m. j. m. RmKENS,S. N. PRASAD USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford mS 38655 USA Department of Civil Engineering University of mississippi University mS 38677 USA

An analytic investigation of the effect of surface seal mechanical properties, overland flow, and subsurface hydrology was performed on headcut development. Headcut growth rates on upland areas have been observed to be quite small (less than 0.00015 meter per second) and that they occur in increments in which chips break off at points where cracks have developed in surface seals. The substrate soil under the seal collapses and is removed by the flow. This mode of headcut development is the result of a strong interaction between the surface and the subsurface processes. The surface process is energetically controlled by the mechanical features of the seal whereas the subsurface process is hydrologically controlled. The analysis yields estimates of the temporal scale of headcut velocities. In cases of infiltration from the vertical gully wall into the substrate, the flexural wave velocity (seismic sound velocity) was found to inversely affect headcut velocity.

关键词： Surface seal Subsurface Headcut Soil erosion Overland flow

The method of multiple Reference Frames Applied to the Diagnosis of Stator Faults in Three-Phase Induction motors

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The Method of Multiple Reference Frames Applied to the Diagn...

Human-Swarm-Teaming Transparency and Trust Architecture

第4届国际电力电子及运动控制国际会议

作者： S.m.A.Cruz A.j.m.Cardoso Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal

This paper exploits the use of the multiple reference frames theory for the diagnosis of stator faults in three-phase induction motors. A simplified mathematical model in d-q-0 axes, able to simulate the behavior of the motor in the presence of stator faults, allowed the development of some analytical relations between the d-q-0 current components in different reference frames. The use of the stationary reference frame, clockwise and counterclockwise synchronous reference frames, allows the extraction and manipulation of the information contained in the three motor supply currents in a way that the effects introduced by the fault are isolated and measured. A severity factor is defined, and simulation and experimental results demonstrate its high independence in relation to the working conditions of the motor such as the load level and unbalances in the voltage supply system.

关键词： multiple reference frames induction motors stator faults diagnosis.

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IEEE/CAA journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第7期8卷 1281-1295页

作者： Adam j.Hepworth Daniel P.Baxter Aya Hussein Kate j.Yaxley Essam Debie Hussein A.Abbass the School of Engineering and Information Technology University of New South WalesCanberraNew South Wales 2612Australia

Transparency is a widely used but poorly defined term within the explainable artificial intelligence *** is due,in part,to the lack of an agreed definition and the overlap between the connected—sometimes used synonymously—concepts of interpretability and *** assert that transparency is the overarching concept,with the tenets of interpretability,explainability,and predictability *** draw on a portfolio of definitions for each of these distinct concepts to propose a human-swarm-teaming transparency and trust architecture(HST3-Architecture).The architecture reinforces transparency as a key contributor towards situation awareness,and consequently as an enabler for effective trustworthy human-swarm teaming(HST).

关键词： Artificial intelligence explainability human-swarm teaming(HST) interpretability predictability swarm shepherding transparency.

Experimental on C50 Ultra-high-early Strength Concrete

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武汉理工大学学报 2010年第17期32卷 176-178,185页

作者： ZHA j Wuhan Harbour Engineering Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd Wuhan 430071China Key Lab of Large-span Bridge Construction Technology Ministry of CommunicationsWuhan 430071China School of materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

In this paper,C50 ultra-high-early-strength concrete was prepared with rapid-harden sulphoaluminate cement,alkali carbonate early strength agent,inorganic tribasic acid retarder and polycarboxylate water reducing agent. The properties testing results of C50 ultra-high-early-strength concrete indicated that the compressive strength at 12 h exceeded 37 mPa and at 3 d exceeded 59 mPa. Compared to the C50 ordinary reference concrete,the durability of C50 ultra-high-early strength concrete was investigated. The results indicated that C50 ultra-high-early-strength concrete had the same chloride ion permeability resistance,carbonization resistance and abrasion resistance to the C50 ordinary concrete. As to the sulfate resistance,the ultra-high-early-strength concrete was much better than the ordinary concrete.

关键词： ultra-high-early strength concrete rapid-harden sulphoaluminate cement alkali carbonate early strength agent inorganic tribasic acid retarder durability

Access to biodiversity for food production:Reconciling open access digital sequence information with access and benefit sharing

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molecular Plant 2021年第5期14卷 701-704页

作者： Brad Sherman Robert j.Henry ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture BrisbaneQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Synthetic Biology University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

CHALLENGES TO EXiSTING LEGAL SCHEmES Over the last 40 years or so,a complex web of international legal agreements was developed that regulate the access,transfer,and use of plant genetic *** include the Convention on ... 详细信息

关键词： Access Figure legal

Drought can offset potential water use efficiency of forest ecosystems from rising atmospheric CO2

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 262-274页

作者： Ning Liu jatin Kala Shirong Liu Vanessa Haverd Bernard Dell Keith R.j.Smettem Richard j.Harper Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150 Australia Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 10091 China CSIRO Oceans&Atmosphere ACT 2600 Australia

Increasing atmospheric CO2 is both leading to climate change and providing a potential fertilisation effect on plant ***,southern Australia has also experienced a significant decline in rainfall over the last 30 years,resulting in increased vegetative water *** better understand the dynamics and responses of Australian forest ecosystems to drought and elevated CO2,the magnitude and trend in water use efficiency(WUE)of forests,and their response to drought and elevated CO2 from 1982 to 2014 were analysed,using the best available model estimates constrained by observed fluxes from simulations with fixed and time-varying *** ratio of gross primary productivity(GPP)to evapotranspiration(ET)(WUEe)was used to identify the ecosystem scale WUE,while the ratio of GPP to transpiration(Tr)(WUEc)was used as a measure of canopy scale *** increased significantly in northern Australia(pmes(months),but notably varied for WUEe,with a long time-lag(mean of 10 months).The dissimilar responses of WUEe and WUEc to climate change for different geographical areas result from the different proportion of Tr in ***2 fertilization and a wetter climate enhanced WUE in northern Australia,whereas drought offset the CO2 fertilization effect in southern Australia.

关键词： Water use efficiency Elevated CO2 Carbon sequestration,drought Forest Australia

p53:a tumor suppressor hiding in plain sight

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journal of molecular Cell Biology 2019年第7期11卷 536-538页

作者： Suzanne j.Baker Bert Vogelstein St jude Children's Research Hospital Department of Developmental Neurobiology262 Danny Thomas PlaceMemphisTN 38105USA Ludwig Center Howard Hughes medical Institute Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center1650 Orleans Street StBaltimoreMD 21205USA

It is a pleasure to join the other authors in this issue to hon orDr Arnold Levi neand the remarkable impact of his *** paths crossed with Amie's when our genetic analyses of colorectal cancers led us to investigate the p53 gene and identify it as a tumor suppressor gene.p53 was initially identified by Arnie and others as an oncogene and tumor antigen,nearly a decade before its role as a tumor suppressor gene was *** fondly remember Arnie visiting our lab,and we visiting his,to discuss the implications of the genetic alterations our group identified in human cancers and how we could work together to investigate the voluminous new questions these mutations raised.

关键词： pleasure Arnold raised

硅基PbSe/BaF_2/CaF_2薄膜及其光电特性

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红外与毫米波学报 2001年第2期20卷 154-156页

作者：金进生吴惠桢常勇寿翔 X.m.Fang P.j.mcCann 浙江大学物理系浙江杭州310028 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所红外物理国家重点实验室上海200083 School of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Oklahoma

采用分子束外延方法在 Si(111)衬底上生长了 Pb Se/ Ba F2 / Ca F2 薄膜 ,扫描电镜和 X-光衍射分析显示 ,通过生长 Ba F2 / Ca F2 缓冲层的方法 ,在 Si(111)衬底上外延的 Pb Se薄膜晶体质量高 ,Pb Se表面光亮 ,无开裂现象发生 ,X-光衍... 详细信息

采用分子束外延方法在 Si(111)衬底上生长了 Pb Se/ Ba F2 / Ca F2 薄膜 ,扫描电镜和 X-光衍射分析显示 ,通过生长 Ba F2 / Ca F2 缓冲层的方法 ,在 Si(111)衬底上外延的 Pb Se薄膜晶体质量高 ,Pb Se表面光亮 ,无开裂现象发生 ,X-光衍射峰峰宽窄 (15 3arcs) .外延生长的 Pb Se薄膜被应用于制作光电二极管 ,首次采用热蒸发金属铝膜在 Pb Se表面形成 Al- Pb Se肖特基结光电二极管 ,获得了比 Pb- Pb Se肖特基结更为稳定和理想的电流

关键词： PbSe薄膜 BaF2/CaF2缓冲层肖特基结 I-V特性分子束外延光电二极管 Si(111)