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Is There an Association between the Type of Activities and Respiratory Disorders among e-Waste Workers? Case of Two Major Cities in West Africa

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第2期10卷 78-90页

作者： Parfait Houngbégnon Marius Kêdoté Eloïc Atindégla Fadel Tanimomon Alphonse Kpozéhouen jérôme Sossa joaquin Darboux Edgard-Marius Ouendo j.lius fobil Institut Regional de Sante Publique Comlan Alfred Quenum University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin Abomey-Calavi Bénin School of Public Health University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that e-waste workers had a risk to develop the respiratory disorders but this was not specifically differentiated according to the type of the e-waste activities. The main aim of this study was to evaluate if the risk to develop respiratory disorders was different according to the type of activities carried out by the e-waste workers. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Abidjan and Cotonou, two big cities in West Africa. The participants were randomly selected based on the list of e-waste workers provided by the census of different sites of e-waste. The spirometry was performed on all the study participants to assess whether they had respiratory disorders. A regression logistic model was performed to estimate the risk of developing respiratory disorders according to the type of activities carried out by the e-waste workers. Results: In total 308 e-waste workers including 149 at Abidjan and 159 at Cotonou were interviewed. Participants of this study ranged in age from 14 years to 69 years and the mean age was 33.71 ± 10.96. The main activities carried out by the study participants were respectively repairing (44.8%), buying or selling (40.3%), dismantling (31.8%). The prevalence of respiratory disorders was 20.1%. The multivariate analysis had not found a significant association between the type of activities and the presence of respiratory disorders. Conclusion: The effect of exposure to e-waste on respiratory health of workers was not different according to the type of activities. So, any policy that aims to reduce the risk of exposure on respiratory health must take into account all the e-waste workers regardless of the type of activities they perform in this sector.

关键词： e-Waste Activities Respiratory Disorders West Africa

Feasibility to Convert the NuScale SMR from UO₂ to a Mixed (U, Th)O₂ Core: A Parametric Study of Fuel Element—Seed-Blanket Concept

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World journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2023年第2期13卷 11-28页

作者： Giovani Laranjo de Stefani Diego Manoel Enedino Gonçalves Cesar Raitz Marcelo V. da Silva Caio j.lius César Miranda Rodrigues da Cunha Departamento de Engenharia Nuclear Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Insituto de Engenharia Nuclear Rio de Janeiro Brasil Departamento de Energia Nuclear Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Delays in the construction of nuclear reactors due to licensing issues have been a problem across the world, affecting projects in Finland, France, and the United States. Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) emerge as a transition between Generations III+ and IV in order to make nuclear energy more competitive with other energy sources, including renewables. In this study, the SMR NuScale, one of the most promising projects today, is investigated for its conversion into a U-233-producing reactor through the Radkowsky seed-blanket fuel element concept, applied in the Shippingport reactor, in a parametric study. Initially, a validation of the reference reactor (NuScale) was carried out with data from technical documents and papers, thus demonstrating the agreement of the computational model carried out with the SERPENT code. Then, a parametric study is carried out to define the area of the seed and blanket region, proportions of enrichment and pitch length. Finally, a comparison is made between the production of U-233, TRU reduction, burn-up extension and neutronic and thermohydraulic safety parameters. This study demonstrates an improvement in the conversion factor and a considerable reduction in the production of TRU, in addition to the production of U-233 with a low proportion of other uranium isotopes that can lead to the beginning of the thorium cycle with already consolidated technologies.

关键词： Thorium SMR Seed-Blanket NuScale

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北京地区大气中汞污染状况的初步调查

环境化学 2000年第4期19卷 357-361页

作者：陈乐恬刘俊华佟玉芹林玉环王文华 lius CarloyRj 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085 美国Connecticut大学环境研究所

用镀金细砂填充的石英采样管在采暖期和非采暖期于北京地区七个采样点收集空气中的气态汞.用二步汞齐化原子吸收法测定其浓度并与实时分析结果进行比较两种方法的结果都表明,采暖期北京地区大气中汞的浓度低于非采暖期大气中汞的浓度。

关键词：气态汞空气采样北京大气监测

Comparison of Economically Favourable and Further Development Friendly DNA Isolation Methods from Microbial Cultures

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第1期10卷 1-13页

作者： Barbara Bánkuti Zoltán Tudós Susan Szathmary László Stipkovits Zsófia Sipos-Kozma Balázs Asványi Adám józsa j.lius Rajcani Kálmán Szenthe Ferenc Bánáti RT-Europe Nonprofit Research Center MosonmagyaróvárHungary Galen-Bio Ltd. MosonmagyaróvárHungary Carlsbad Research Organization ujrónafoHungary

Microorganisms, regardless of whether pathogenic or not, may cause enormous economic losses due to adverse effects on human and animal health, or by damaging the quality of the agricultural and food products. Based on these effects, the development of prompt molecular methods and their involvement in the practical pathogen diagnostic diagnostics is more than actual. This paper is focused on the evaluation of easy-to-perform and highly budget-friendly, PCR-related DNA purification protocols for diagnostic purposes especially in water or similar simple matrices. The slight modifications of earlier described DNA isolation methods, which rely on chelate exchange resin and/or ethanol-sodium-based heat lysis, we reevaluated in comparison with a widely used commercial kit. The efficiency of DNA purification techniques was assessed from Gramnegative as well as Gram-positive bacteria and yeast using quantitative PCR. The effectivity of different methods tested may vary depending on the bacterial or yeast species in question. Nevertheless, in our hands, the chelate exchange resin-based methods were found to be the most robust and/or satisfying at least by an acceptable reproducibility rate. Our presented results support the potential of low-cost but still sensitive molecular microbe detection procedures consisting of only a few pipetting steps resulting in good reproducibility and the least possible environmental burden, serving as a good starting point for developments of matrix-specific processes and methods.

关键词： Microbe Detection DNA Purification Lysis qPCR Developmental Potential

Feasibility to Convert the NuScale SMR from UO2 to a Mixed (U, Th)O2 Core:A Parametric Study of Fuel Element—Seed-Blanket Concept

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Cloning and functional characterization of two cDNAs encoding NADPH-dependent 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductased from developing cotton fibers

World journal of Nuclear Science and Technology（核科学与技术国际期刊） 2023年第2期

作者： Giovani Laranjo de Stefani Diego Manoel Enedino Gonçalves Cesar Raitz Marcelo V. da Silva Caio j.lius César Miranda Rodrigues da Cunha

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Cell Research 2005年第6期15卷 465-473页

作者： Francois MA PUjOL,Alexander j KASTANIOTIS,j Kalervo HILTUNEN Biocenter Oulu and Department of Biochemistry University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 FIN-90014 University of Oulu Finland Biocenter Oulu and Department of Biochemistry University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 FIN-90014 University of Oulu Finland Biocenter Oulu and Department of Biochemistry University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 FIN-90014 University of Oulu Finland

Genes encoding enzymes involved in biosynthesis of very long chain fatty acids were significantly up-regulatedduring early cotton fiber development. Two cDNAs, GhKCR1 and GhKCR2 encoding putative cotton 3-ketoacyl-CoAreductases that catalyze the second step in fatty acid elongation, were isolated from developing cotton fibers. GhKCR1and 2 contain open reading frames of 963 bp and 924 bp encoding proteins of 320 and 307 amino acid residues,respectively. Quantatitive RT-PCR analysis showed that both these genes were highly preferentially expressed duringthe cotton fiber elongation period with much lower levels recovered from roots, stems and leaves. GhKCR1 and 2showed 30%-32% identity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ybr159p at the deduced amino acid level. These cotton cDNAswere cloned and expressed in yeast haploid ybr159w? mutant that was deficient in 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase ***-type growth rate was restored in ybr159w? cells that expressed either GhKCR1 or 2. Further analysis showed thatGhKCR1 and 2 were co-sedimented within the membranous pellet fraction after high-speed centrifugation, similar to theyeast endoplasmic reticulum marker ScKar2p. Both GhKCR(s) showed NADPH-dependent 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductaseactivity in an in vitro assay system using palmitoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA as substrates. Our results suggest thatGhKCR1 and 2 are functional orthologues of ScYbr159p.

关键词： very-long-chain fatty acids endoplasmic reticulum fatty acid elongation system 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase Gossypium hirsutum short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase protein family.

Molecularly defined adult-type hypolactasia among working age people with reference to milk consumption and gastrointestinal symptoms

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第8期13卷 1230-1235页

作者： Sari R Anthoni Heli A Rasinper Antti j Kotamies Hanna A Komu Harri K Pihlajamki Kaija-Leena Kolho Irma E jrvel Hospital for Children and Adolescents University of Helsinki Finland Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Finland Helsinki Centre of Economic Research Helsinki Finland Central Military Hospital Helsinki Finland Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Helsinki Finland

AIM: To study milk consumption and subjective milk- related symptoms in adults genotyped for adult-type hypolactasia. METHODS: A total of 1900 Finnish adults were genotyped for the C/T-13910 variant of adult-type hypolactasia and filled in a structured questionnaire concerning milk consumption and gastrointestinal problems. RESULTS: The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia was present in 18% of the study population. The prevalence of the C/C-13910 genotype was higher among subjects who were undergoing investigations because of abdominal symptoms (24%, P jects with either the C/T-13910 or the T/T-13910 genotype of lactase persistence (18% vs 38%; 18% vs 36%, P jects with the C/C-13910 genotype had experienced more gastrointestinal symptoms (84%) during the preceding three-month period than those with the C/T-13910 (79%, P jects with the C/C-13910 genotype consumed milk and reported no symptoms from ***: Gastrointestinal symptoms are more common among adults with the C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia than in those with genotypes of lactase persistence.

关键词： Lactase persistence Lactose malabsorption C/T-13910 genotype Abdominal symptoms Milk consumption

Prevalence of lactase persistent/non-persistent genotypes and milk consumption in a young population in north-west Russia

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第15期15卷 1849-1853页

作者： Yulia Khabarova Suvi Torniainen Hanna Nurmi Irma jrvel Mauri Isokoski Kari Mattila Department of Family Medicine Northern State Medical University Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Tampere School of Public Health University of Tampere Medical School University of Tampere33014 and Centre of General PracticeHealth District of Pirkanmaa

AIM： TO estimate the prevalence of the lactase non-persistent genotype （C/C-23910） in a northern Russian population in accordance with ethnicity, and to evaluate self-reported milk consumption depending on lactase activity. METHODS： Blood samples for genotyping lactase activity, defining the C/T-13910 variant by polymerase chain reaction, and direct sequencing were taken from 231 medical students of Russian origin aged 17-26 years. We analyzed milk product consumption by questionnaire which was specially designed for the estimation of milk consumption and abdominal complaints. RESULTS： We found that the prevalence of the C/C-13190 genotype in the northern Russian population was 35.6%. The other genotypes nearby C/T-13910 and associated with lactase activity were not present in the study population. The consumption of milk among people with the non-persistent genotype tended to be lower than among the lactose tolerant subjects, but was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION： An investigation of the lactase persistent genotype in a northern Russian population has not been performed before, The genotype did not affect the consumption of milk products in this population which could be explained by low consumption of milk products among the entire study population.

关键词： C/C-13910 genotype Hypolactasia Lactasepersistence/non-persistence Lactose malabsorption Milk consumption North-west Russia

Lactase non-persistence and milk consumption in Estonia

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第45期12卷 7329-7331页

作者： Margus Lember Suvi Torniainen Mart Kull Riina Kallikorm Peeter Saadla Tarvo Rajasalu Hanna Komu Irma jrvel Department of Internal Medicine University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department ofMedical Genetics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Laboratory of Molecular genetics Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland

AIM： To define the frequency of the cfr-13910 variant associated with lactase persistence/non-persistence trait and to analyze the milk consumption of lactase non- persistent subjects in Estonia. METHODS： We genotyped 355 Estonians by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing, Milk consumption was analyzed by a questionnaire, specially developed to analyze milk consumption and abdominal complaints. RESULTS： The frequency of the genotype of the C/ C-13910 （lactase non-persistence） was found to be 24.8% in native Estonians. No other single nucleotide polymorphisms covering the region of 400 bp adjacent to the C/T-13910 variant were found. Lactase non- persistence subjects were found to consume less milk than lactase persistence subjects. CONCLUSION： The frequency of lactase non- persistence defined by the C/C-13910 genotype confirms the results of the previous studies based on indirect methods of determining hypolactasia, Milk consumption of lactase non-persistence subjects is consistent with previously reported figures of adult-type hypolactasia in Estonia, However, lactase non-persistence does not prevent the intake of milk in many adults.

关键词： Lactase persistence Milk Estonia