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Dietary nano chromium picolinate can ameliorate some of the impacts of heat stress in cross-bred sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 198-205页

作者： Alex T.Hung Brian j.Leury Matthew A.Sabin Fahri Fahri Kristy DiGiacomo Tu-Fa lien Frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Murdoch Children's Research Institute The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Department of Animal Science National Chiayi UniversityChina Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUnited Kingdom

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of nano chromium picolinate(nCrPic)during heat stress(HS)in *** the initial study,36 Merino×Poll cross-bred sheep were individually penned and allocated to 3 dietary treatments(0,400 and 800μg/kg nCrPic)for 8 *** composition was determined at the beginning and end of the experiment using dual energy X-ray *** sheep remained in their dietary groups but were then placed in metabolic cages and randomly allocated within the dietary group to differing ambient temperature regimes,i.e.,thermo-neutral(TN)(n=18)and HS(n=18),for 3 *** nCrPic had no effect on growth performance and body composition during the initial study conducted under TN *** stress decreased average daily feed intake(ADFI)(P=0.002)whereas sheep under HS had reduced average daily gain(ADG)and indeed lost weight(P<0.001).Dietary nCrPic increased both ADFI(P=0.041)and ADG(P=0.049)under both TH and HS conditions such that the performance of sheep receiving supplemental nCrPic and exposed to HS was similar to that of control sheep maintained under TN *** stress increased rectal temperature(P<0.001)and respiration rate(P<0.001),particularly during the hottest parts of the day as indicated by interactions(P<0.001)between time of day and thermal *** temperature was lower in sheep fed nCrPic(P=0.050),particularly under peak HS conditions during the afternoon as indicated by the interactions between dietary nCrPic and time of day(P<0.001)and dietary nCrPic,thermal treat-ment and time of day(P=0.010).Similarly,respiration rate was lower in sheep fed nCrPic under peak HS conditions during the afternoon as indicated by the interactions between dietary nCrPic and thermal treatment(P<0.001)and dietary nCrPic and time of day(P=0.030).In conclusion,dietary nCrPic can partially ameliorate the negative effects of HS as indicated by the maintenance of ADFI and decreased physiological responses,such as elevatio

关键词： Chromium picolinate Sheep Heat stress Nanotechnology Physiology

Infectious keratitis in Vietnam:etiology,organisms,and management at Vietnam National Eye Hospital

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 128-134页

作者： Pham Ngoc Dong Do Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen Thi Nga Duong Mai Thi lien Angela C.Chen Anthony j.Aldave Vietnam National Eye Hospital Hanoi 10000Vietnam Nam Dinh Eye Hospital Nam Dinh 420000Vietnam Stein Eye Institute UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA 90095USA

AIM:To report the etiologies,risk factors,treatments,and outcomes of infectious keratitis(IK)at a major Vietnamese eye ***:This is a retrospective review of all cases of IK at Vietnam National Eye Hospital(VNEH)in Hanoi,*** histories,demographics,clinical features,microbiological results,and treatment outcomes were ***:IK was diagnosed in 1974 eyes of 1952 patients,with ocular trauma being the greatest risk factor for IK(34.2%),frequently resulting from an agriculturerelated injur y(53.3%).The mean duration between symptom onset and presentation to VNEH was 19.3±14.4 d,and 98.7%of patients had been treated with topical antibiotic and/or antifungal agents prior to evaluation at *** on smear results of 1706 samples,the most common organisms identified were bacteria(n=1107,64.9%)and fungi(n=1092,64.0%),with identification of both bacteria and fungi in 614(36.0%)***-five of 374 bacterial cultures(14.7%)and 426 of 838 fungal cultures(50.8%)were positive,with the most commonly cultured pathogens being Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Streptococcus pneumonia,Fusarium spp.,and Aspergillus *** perforation and descemetocele developed in 391(19.8%)and 93(4.7%)eyes,*** treatment was successful in resolving IK in 50.4%eyes,while 337(17.1%)eyes underwent penetrating or anterior lamellar *** was performed in 7.1%of eyes,most commonly in the setting of fungal ***:Ocular trauma is a major risk factor for IK in Vietnam,which is diagnosed in almost 400 patients each year at *** this,and as approximately one quarter of the eyes that develop IK require corneal transplantation or evisceration,greater emphasis should be placed on the development of prevention and treatment programs for IK in Vietnam.

关键词： infectious keratitis bacterial keratitis fungal keratitis microsporidial keratitis Acanthamoeba keratitis herpes simplex virus keratitis Vietnam

Computational discovery of ultra-strong, stable, and lightweight refractory multi-principal element alloys. Part II: comprehensive ternary design and validation

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1469-1481页

作者： Kate L.M.Elder joel Berry Aurélien Perron Brandon Bocklund jibril Shittu Connor j.Rietema Hunter B.Henderson Scott K.McCall joseph T.McKeown Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA.✉

Here the discovery of refractory multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs)with high-temperature strength and stability is pursued within a constrained and application-relevant design space.A comprehensive approach is developed and applied to explore all 165 ternary systems in the Al-Ce-Fe-Hf-Mo-Nb-Ta-Ti-V-W-Zr family.A subset of ternary systems that contain large areas in composition–temperature space with high strength and robust BCC phase stability is *** sets of high-performing alloys are identified,each set optimized for one combination of phase constraint,optimization target,and temperature *** mechanical tests support the viability of the *** work highlights the importance of considering phase stability,exploring non-equiatomic regions of composition space,and applying application-relevant *** I and II provide three down-selection techniques for identifying high-performing BCC refractory MPEAs,design guidelines,and many candidates predicted to have BCC phase stability and strengths 2–3 times higher than any reported to date.

关键词： alloys element ternary

Nano-chromium picolinate and heat stress enhance insulin sensitivity in cross-bred sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 173-184页

作者： Alex T.Hung Brian j.Leury Matthew A.Sabin Fahri Fahri Kristy DiGiacomo Tu-Fa lien Frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Murdoch Children's Research Institute The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Department of Animal Science National Chiayi UniversityChiayiChina Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUnited Kingdom

This study evaluated the effects of heat stress(HS)and dietary nano chromium picolinate(nCrPic)on metabolic responses of sheep to an intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGTT),an intravenous insulin tolerance test(ITT)and an intramuscular adrenocorticotropin hormone(ACTH)challenge in ***-six sheep housed in metabolic cages were randomly allocated within 3 dietary groups(0,400 and 800 mg/kg supplemental nCrPic)to either thermoneutral(22℃)or cyclic HS(22 to 40℃)conditions for 3 *** plasma glucose tended to be increased during HS(P=0.052)and decreased by dietary nCrPic(P=0.013)while plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were decreased(P=0.010)by ***-etary nCrPic reduced the plasma glucose area under the curve(P=0.012)while there were no significant effects of HS on plasma glucose area under the curve in response to the *** plasma insulin response over the first 60 min after the IVGTT was decreased by HS(P=0.013)and dietary nCrPic(P=0.022)with the effects being *** response to the ITT plasma glucose reached a nadir sooner(P=0.005)in sheep exposed to HS,although there was no effect on the depth of the *** nCrPic decreased(P=0.007)the plasma glucose nadir after *** the duration of the ITT plasma insulin concentrations were lower in sheep exposed to HS(P=0.013)whereas there was no significant effect of supplemental *** was no effect of either HS or nCrPic on cortisol response to *** nCrPic supple-mentation decreased(P=0.013)mitogen-activated protein kinase-8(jNK)and increased(P=0.050)carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B(CPT1B)mRNA expression in skeletal *** of this experiment demonstrated that animals under HS and supplemented with nCrPic had greater insulin sensitivity.

关键词： Chromium picolinate Sheep Heat stress Insulin sensitivity

Analytical quality-by-design approach for sample treatment of BSA-containing solutions

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journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2015年第1期5卷 27-32页

作者： lien Taevernier Evelien Wynendaele Matthias D'Hondt Bart De Spiegeleer Drug Quality and Registration(DruQuaR)Group Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent UniversityHarelbekestraat 72B-9000 GhentBelgium

The sample preparation of samples conlaining bovine serum albumin（BSA）,e.g..as used in transdermal Franz diffusion cell（FDC） solutions,was evaluated using an analytical qualily-by-design（QbD）*** precipitation of BSA by adding an equal volume of organic solvent,often successfully used with conventional HPLC-PDA,was found insufficiently robust when novel fused-core HPLC and/or UPLC-MS methods were *** this study,three factors（acetonitrile（%）.formic acid（%） and boiling time（min）） were included in the experimental design to determine an optimal and more suitable sample treatment of BSAcontaining FDC *** a QbD and Derringer desirability（D） approach,combining BSA loss,dilution factor and variability,we constructed an optimal working space with the edge of failure defined as D〈*** design space is modelled and is confirmed to have an ACN range of 83 ± 3% and FA content of 1 ±0.25%.

关键词： Bovine serum albumin(BSA)solutions Franz diffusion cell(FDC) Analytical quality-by-design(QbD) Sample preparation Design of experiment(DOE) Derringer desirability(D)

Carbohydrate Yield and Biomethane Potential from Enzymatically Hydrolysed <i>Saccharina latissima</i>and Its Industrial Potential

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第4期9卷 359-371页

作者： jacob j. Lamb Dag R. Hjelme Kristian M. lien Department of Electronic Systems & Enersense NTNU Trondheim Norway Department of Energy and Process Engineering & Enersense NTNU Trondheim Norway

The demand for fuel for utilisation of machinery and transport has culminated in large amounts of fossil fuel usage in the last century. The environmental dangers attached with the usage of fossil fuels have created a large demand for alternative sources of fuels. There is an array of polysaccharides contained within macroalgae, such as mannitol, cellulose and laminarin. These polysaccharides have potential for production of alternative biofuels;however, they are not easily accessible for biological digestion. By pretreatment of macroalgae with enzymes, these polysaccharides may be easier to access by microbes, allowing effective utilization in anaerobic digestion. Saccharina latissima, available in abundance on the Norwegian coast line, is a brown macroalgae with a high level of carbohydrates. This study assesses the ability for utilisation of enzymatically pre-treated Saccharina latissima for production of biogas through anaerobic digestion. The harvested Saccharina latissima was analysed to contain 30.11 ± 2.30 g of reducing sugars per 100 g of dry sample upon enzymatic hydrolysis. This was able to yield 459 ± 30 mL per gVS of biogas through anaerobic digestion, with a methane content of 56%. This suggests a biomethane potential of 1760 m3 per ha of productive sea floor growing Saccharina latissima. An evaluation of this process has been performed to demonstrate the industrial potential of Saccharina latissima in biogas production.

关键词： Macroalgae Hydrolysis Biogas Biomethane Enzymatic Hydrolysis

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高等植物的多糖成分及其药理活性

国外医药（植物药分册） 1991年第6期6卷 259-262页

作者： lien j E 方唯硕

从高等植物分出的各种类型的多糖中,大部分是具有复杂结构的杂多糖。一部分多糖分子内相邻的糖元之间形成氢键,从而产生了二级乃至三级结构。多糖可刺激和调节免疫系统,其中一些还有降血糖活性。它们的抗补体活性与分子的酸性、分子量... 详细信息

从高等植物分出的各种类型的多糖中,大部分是具有复杂结构的杂多糖。一部分多糖分子内相邻的糖元之间形成氢键,从而产生了二级乃至三级结构。多糖可刺激和调节免疫系统,其中一些还有降血糖活性。它们的抗补体活性与分子的酸性、分子量和羟基有关,有抗肿瘤活性则与对肝中药物代谢酶的抑制密切相关。

关键词：多糖免疫调节药理活性

Intracellular Delivery of mRNA in Adherent and Suspension Cells by Vapor Nanobubble Photoporation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第12期12卷 404-420页

作者： Laurens Raes Stephan Stremersch juan CFraire Toon Brans Glenn Goetgeluk Stijn De Munter lien Van Hoecke Rein Verbeke jelter Van Hoeck Ranhua Xiong Xavier Saelens Bart Vandekerckhove Stefaan De Smedt Koen Raemdonck Kevin Braeckmans Laboratory of General Biochemistry&Physical Pharmacy Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Cancer Research Institute Ghent(CRIG) 9000 GhentBelgium Department of Diagnostic Sciences Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology 9052 GhentBelgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium

Efficient and safe cell engineering by transfection of nucleic acids remains one of the long-standing hurdles for fundamental biomedical research and many new therapeutic applications,such as CAR T cell-based *** has recently gained increasing attention as a more safe and versatile alternative tool over viral-or DNA transposon-based approaches for the generation of adoptive T ***,limitations associated with existing nonviral mRNA delivery approaches hamper progress on genetic engineering of these hard-to-transfect immune *** this study,we demonstrate that gold nanoparticle-mediated vapor nanobubble(VNB)photoporation is a promising upcoming physical transfection method capable of delivering mRNA in both adherent and suspension *** transfection experiments on HeLa cells showed the importance of transfection buffer and cargo concentration,while the technology was furthermore shown to be effective for mRNA delivery in jurkat T cells with transfection efficiencies up to 45%.Importantly,compared to electroporation,which is the reference technology for nonviral transfection of T cells,a fivefold increase in the number of transfected viable jurkat T cells was ***,our results point toward the use of VNB photoporation as a more gentle and efficient technology for intracellular mRNA delivery in adherent and suspension cells,with promising potential for the future engineering of cells in therapeutic and fundamental research applications.

关键词： Transfection mRNA Photoporation Optoporation Gold nanoparticles Vapor nanobubbles

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仅用选择性絮凝和脱泥法选别贫铁矿

国外金属矿选矿 1979年第10期 1-14+34页

作者： H.O.lien j.G.Morrow 吴绪珍

在已知的加拿大铁矿床中,许多矿石是低品位的,需要选别才能成为满意的高炉原料。不少矿床由于缺少适宜的富集方法而从未考虑工业上的应用。许多属于这一类型的矿床位于安大略省的北部。提高这些矿石品位有三个方面的问题。第一,铁以磁... 详细信息

在已知的加拿大铁矿床中,许多矿石是低品位的,需要选别才能成为满意的高炉原料。不少矿床由于缺少适宜的富集方法而从未考虑工业上的应用。许多属于这一类型的矿床位于安大略省的北部。提高这些矿石品位有三个方面的问题。第一,铁以磁铁矿和赤铁矿混合物的形式产出;第二,物料的粒度很细;第三,脉石矿物是由硅石、片状硅酸盐和碳酸盐组成的复杂混合物,这种混合物在细磨时会大量泥化。Algoma 钢铁公司致力于选别这种含铁物料所取得的成果是发展了采用脱泥作为唯一选别工艺的“选择性絮凝和脱泥法”。在两段磨矿和总共七次脱泥的试验室工作中,已成功地应用了本方法。脱泥之前,用改进的淀粉作絮凝剂,从充分分散的矿浆中选择性絮凝含铁的细粒。用硅酸钠作分散剂。用安大略省北部 Geraldton 城附近的特定铁矿石进行试验,试图确定本方法的某些最佳条件。淀粉的制备是很严格的。这些情况以及评价淀粉分子降解程度所用的方法都进行过仔细的讨论。实验室的结果在半工业工厂中得到证实,流程的特征为第一段自磨、砾磨和总共四次脱泥。初磨物料一次脱泥、砾磨以后三次脱泥以生产含可溶性铁为65%、含硅为5%的最终精矿是适宜的,铁回收率为73—75%。

关键词：脱泥磨矿选择性指数选择性絮凝矿泥选别