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Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 62-72页

作者： Yafeng Wang Eryuan Liang j.julio camarero College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50080Spain

Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally,but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly ***,the size and age of shrubs from 26 Salix shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient(30°-38°N)were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan *** pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of juveniles and adults,and to assess spatial associations between *** intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic *** mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark(shrub height,basal stem diameter,crown width)were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of juveniles and *** equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions,patterns,shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate *** shrublines showed clustered patterns,suggesting the existence of conspecific *** patterns of juveniles and conspecific interactions(potentially facilitation)tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture *** warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub ***,summer warming after2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub ***,shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns,alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to *** changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.

关键词： Alpine shrubline Positive interactions Facilitation Spatial clustering Point pattern analyses

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Linking leaf elemental traits to biomass across forest biomes in the Himalayas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1518-1528页

作者： Nita DYOLA Eryuan LIANG josep PEÑUELAS j.julio camarero Shalik Ram SIGDEL Sugam ARYAL Wentao LIN Xiang LIU Yongwen LIU Xingliang XU Sergio ROSSI State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratoire sur lesécosystèmes terrestres boréaux Département des Sciences FondamentalesUniversitédu QuébecàChicoutimi555Boulevard de l′UniversitéChicoutimi(QC)G7H2B1Canada CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABBellaterraE-08193 CataloniaSpain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallèsE-08193 CataloniaSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avenida Montañana 1005Zaragoza 50059Spain Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Institut für GeographieErlangen 91058Germany State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Plants require a number of essential elements in different proportions for ensuring their growth and *** elemental concentrations in leaves reflect the functions and adaptations of plants under specific environmental ***,less is known about how the spectrum of leaf elements associated with resource acquisition,photosynthesis and growth regulates forest biomass along broad elevational *** examined the influence of leaf element distribution and diversity on forest biomass by analyzing ten elements(C,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Cu,and Mn)in tree communities situated every 100 meters along an extensive elevation gradient,ranging from the tropical forest(80 meters above sea level)to the alpine treeline(4200 meters above sea level)in the Kangchenjunga Landscape in eastern Nepal *** calculated communityweighted averages(reflecting dominant traits governing biomass,i.e.,mass-ratio effect)and functional divergence(reflecting increased trait variety,i.e.,complementarity effect)for leaf elements in a total of 1,859 trees representing 116 *** increasing mass-ratio effect and decreasing complementarity in leaf elements enhance forest biomass accumulation.A combination of elements together with elevation explains biomass(52.2%of the variance)better than individual elemental trait diversity(0.05%to 21%of the variance).Elevation modulates trait diversity among plant species in biomass *** promotes biomass at lower elevations,but reduces biomass at higher elevations,demonstrating an interaction between elevation and *** interaction between elevation and mass-ratio effect produces heterogeneous effects on biomass along the elevation *** research indicates that biomass accumulation can be disproportionately affected by elevation due to interactions among trait diversities across vegetation *** higher trait variation enhances the adaptation of species to environmental changes,it reduces

关键词： Ecosystem function Elevational gradient Functional diversity Functional traits Leaf elements Niche complementarity

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Different xylogenesis responses to atmospheric water demand contribute to species coexistence in a mixed pine–oak forest

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journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 51-62页

作者： Marín Pompa-García j.julio camarero Michele Colangelo Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales de la Universidad juárez del Estado de Durango Río Papaloapan y Blvd.Durango S/N Col.Valle del SurDurangoMéxico Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avda.Montanna 1005ZaragozaSpain School of Agricultural ForestFood and Environmental SciencesUniv.BasilicataPotenzaItaly

Seasonal patterns of wood formation(xylogenesis)remain understudied in mixed pine-oak forests despite their contribution to tree coexistence through temporal niche *** was assessed in three pine species(Pinus cembroides,Pinus leiophylla,Pinus engelmannii)and one oak(Quercus grisea)coexisting in a semi-arid Mexican *** main xylogenesis phases(production of cambium cells,radial enlargement,cell-wall thickening and maturation)were related to climate data considering 5-15-day temporal *** pines,cambium activity maximized from mid-March to April as temperature and evaporation increased,whereas cell radial enlargement peaked from April to May and was constrained by high evaporation and low ***-wall thickening peaked from june to july and in August-September as maximum temperature and vapour pressure deficit(VPD)*** of earlywood and latewood tracheids occurred in May-june and june-july,enhanced by high minimum temperatures and VPD in *** and *** oak,cambial onset started in March,constrained by high minimum temperatures,and vessel radial enlargement and radial increment maximized in April as temperatures and evaporation increased,whereas early wood vessels matured from May to june as VPD ***,15-day wet conditions enhanced cell radial enlargement in *** and ***,whereas early-summer high 15-day temperature and VPD drove cell-wall thickening in *** night conditions and high evaporation rates during spring and summer enhanced *** earlier growth peak in oak and a higher responsiveness to spring-summer water demand in pines contributed to their coexistence.

关键词： Bimodal growth Drought Vapour pressure deficit Wood formation Xylem phenology

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Contrasting climate drivers of seasonal growth in western vs. eastern Mexican mountain conifer forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 64-72页

作者： Marin Pompa-Garcia j.julio camarero Eduardo DVivar-Vivar Laboratorio de Dendroecologia Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y AmbientalesUniversidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRio Papaloapan y Blvd.Durango s/n Col.Valle del SurDurango34120Mexico Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia(IPE-CSIC) Avda.Montanana 100550192ZaragozaSpain

Hydroclimate affects the radial growth responses of trees, but the drivers of their spatial and population variability are not sufficiently understood. We addressed this issue by sampling several conifer populations located at the same latitude, but at different longitude and elevation in western(W) and eastern(E) Mexican regions. We used dendroecology to disentangle how earlywood width(EW), latewood width(LW) and adjusted LW(LWadj),i.e. the residuals after removing EW influences on LW, responded to climate variables(temperature and precipitation), climate indices(Southern Oscillation Index, SOI, Nino 3.4, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, PDO) and a drought index(Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI). The W species(Pinus herrerae Martinez, Pinus durangensis Martinez, Abies durangensis Martínez and Cupressus lusitanica Mill.) showed lower growth rates than the E species(Pinus hartwegii Lindl., Picea mexicana Martinez, Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.) Franco and Abies vejari Martinez). Growth in W benefits mostly from high precipitation in the prior winter and current spring and it is limited by high temperatures in spring, whereas growth in the E showed similar but weaker ***, positive(negative) correlations were found in radial growth with the Nino 3.4(SOI) and the PDO from the prior to current autumns, which were again stronger in absolute terms in the W than in the E regions,excepting SOI in summer. In the W, P. durangensis and C. lusitanica were the least and most responsive species to spring drought, respectively;whilst P. menziesii and A. vejari were very responsive to spring drought compared to P. hartwegii in the E. Our results suggest greater responsiveness to hydroclimate and atmospheric patterns in the W than in the E region. These findings allow better interpretations of future changes in growth and composition in Mexican conifer forests, considering that climate models forecast warmer spring conditions and increased water s

关键词： Drought Earlywood El Nino-Oscillation Latewood

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Growth phenology adjusts to seasonal changes in water availability in coexisting evergreen and deciduous mediterranean oaks

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第5期10卷 535-546页

作者： Filipe Campelo Alvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Fernando Montes Michele Colangelo Cristina Valeriano j.julio camarero Department of Life Sciences University of CoimbraCalçada Martim de FreitasCoimbra3000-456Portugal Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y Del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de MadridCiudad Universitaria S/n28040MadridSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avda.Montanana 1005E-50192ZaragozaSpain Departamento de Dinamica y Gestion Forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA-CSIC)Ctra.La Coruna Km 7.528040MadridSpain Scuola di Scienze Agrarie ForestaliAlimentari e AmbientaliUniversita Della BasilicataViale Dell’Ateneo Lucano 1085100PotenzaItaly

Different leaf(evergreen *** habit)and xylem(***-porous wood)traits represent contrasting strategies to face seasonal changes in water availability and ***,how contrasting leaf and xylem habits of coexisting tree species affect stem wood formation and tree-ring development remains poorly ***,we investigated the spatio-temporal patterns of wood formation in two deciduous oaks(Quercus faginea and Quercus petraea)and two evergreen oaks(Quercus ilex and Quercus suber)coexisting in seasonally dry Mediterranean forests along an aridity gradient in *** hypothesized that growth responses to drought and intra-and inter-annual growth patterns would differ between functional *** simulated intra-and interannual growth using a modified version of the Vaganov-Shashkin(VS)process-based,growth *** VS model simulations were used to estimate growth changes under a high emission scenario(RCP 8.5)for the current distribution of the study oak species and to forecast their future performance under warm(4.8℃)conditions in the Iberian *** simulations indicate that climate warming would induce a shortening of the ringgrowth season and a reduction of radial growth in evergreen and deciduous Mediterranean oaks,particularly in dry sites from southern and eastern Iberia currently occupied by *** and *** oaks may better recover after dry periods than deciduous oaks by resuming growth after the summer *** soil water availability in spring would be more detrimental to growth of deciduous ***-based growth models should be refined and validated to better forecast changes in tree growth as a function of climate.

关键词： Process-based growth model Quercus ilex Quercus suber Quercus faginea Quercus petraea Tree-ring growth

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Growth plasticity of conifers did not avoid declining resilience to soil and atmospheric droughts during the 20th century

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第2期10卷 238-251页

作者： Tong Zheng jordi Martínez-Vilalta Raúl García-Valdés Antonio Gazol j.julio camarero Changcheng Mu Maurizio Mencuccini Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040China CREAF E08193 Bellaterra(Cerdanyola del Vallès)CataloniaSpain Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona E08193 Bellaterra(Cerdanyola del Vallès)CataloniaSpain Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya(CTFC) E-25280SolsonaSpain Department of Biology GeologyPhysics and Inorganic ChemistryRey Juan Carlos University28933MóstolesMadridSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50059Spain ICREA 08010BarcelonaSpain

Background:Plasticity in response to environmental drivers can help trees cope with ***,our understanding of the importance of plasticity and physiological adjustments in trees under global change is ***:We used the International Tree-Ring Data Bank(ITRDB)to examine 20th century growth responses in conifer trees during(resistance)and following(resilience)years of severe soil and atmospheric droughts occurring in isolation or as compound *** resilience indices were calculated using observed growth divided by expected growth to avoid spurious correlations,in which the expected values were obtained by the autoregressive moving average(ARIMA)*** used high atmospheric vapour pressure deficit(VPD)to select years of atmospheric drought and low annual values of the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)to select years with soil *** acquired the sensitivities(i.e.,the slopes of the relationships)by fitting the resilience indices as a function of environmental drivers,and assessed how these sensitivities changed over time for different types of drought events using linear mixed *** also checked whether plasticity in growth responses was sufficient to prevent long-term trends of growth reductions during or after severe *** acknowledge that by focusing on the response of surviving trees from the ITRDB we are potentially biasing our results towards higher resilience,as stand level responses(e.g.,mortality)may result in lowered competition after the disturbance ***:Sensitivities of resilience to VPD and SPEI changed throughout the 20th century,with the directions of these changes often reversing in the second half of the *** the 1961–2010 period,changing sensitivities had positive effects on resilience,especially following years of high-VPD and compound events,avoiding growth losses that would have occurred if sensitivities had remained *** sensitivity changes,resilience

关键词： Tree rings Growth Drought Vapor pressure deficit Plasticity Acclimation

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Tree growth is more limited by drought in rear-edge forests most of the times

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 330-344页

作者： j.julio camarero Antonio Gazol Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda Marta Vergarechea Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez Nicolás Cattaneo Sergio M.Vicente-Serrano Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avda.Montañana 1005E-50192 ZaragozaSpain Ei FAB-iu FOR University of ValladolidCampus Duques de SoriaE-42004 SoriaSpain NIBIO Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchPostboks 155NO-1431ÅsNorway Department of Biology Wilfrid Laurier UniversityN2L 3C575 Univ.Avenue WWaterlooOntarioCanada

Background:Equatorward,rear-edge tree populations are natural monitors to estimate species vulnerability to climate *** to biogeographical theory,exposition to drought events increases with increasing aridity towards the equator and the growth of southern tree populations will be more vulnerable to drought than in central ***,the ecological and biogeographical margins can mismatch due to the impact of ecological factors(topography,soils)or tree-species acclimation that can blur large-scale geographical imprints in trees responses to drought making northern populations more drought ***:We tested these ideas in six tree species,three angiosperms(Fagus sylvatica,Quercus robur,Quercus petraea)and three gymnosperms(Abies alba,Pinus sylvestris and Pinus uncinata)by comparing rear-edge tree populations subjected to different degrees of *** used dendrochronology to compare the radial-growth patterns of these species in northern,intermediate,and southern tree populations at the continental rear *** and conclusions:We found marked variations in growth variability between species with coherent patterns of stronger drought signals in the tree-ring series of the southern populations of ***,***,and *** was also observed in species from cool-wet sites(*** and ***),despite their limited responsiveness to ***,in the case of *** the intermediate population showed the strongest relationship to *** drought-sensitive species as *** and ***,southern populations presented more variable growth which was enhanced by cool-wet conditions from late spring to *** found a trend of enhanced vulnerability to drought in these two *** response of tree growth to drought has a marked biogeographical component characterized by increased drought sensitivity in southern populations even within the species distribution rear ***,the relationship

关键词： Climate change Dendroecology Latitudinal gradient Mediterranean forests Standardized evapotranspiration precipitation index(SPEI)

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Warming-induced phenological mismatch between trees and shrubs explains high-elevation forest expansion

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National Science Review 2023年第10期10卷 62-71页

作者： Xiaoxia Li Eryuan Liang j.julio camarero Sergio Rossi jingtian Zhang Haifeng Zhu Yongshuo H.Fu jian Sun Tao Wang Shilong Piao josep Pe?uelas State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources (TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux Département des Sciences FondamentalesUniversité du Québec à Chicoutimi Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC) College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University CREAF Cerdanyola del Valles CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB

Despite the importance of species interaction in modulating the range shifts of plants,little is known about the responses of coexisting life forms to a warmer ***,we combine long-term monitoring of cambial phenology in sympatric trees and shrubs at two treelines of the Tibetan Plateau,with a meta-analysis of ring-width series from 344 shrubs and 575 trees paired across 11 alpine treelines in the Northern *** a spring warming of +1℃,xylem resumption advances by 2-4 days in trees,but delays by 3-8 days in *** divergent phenological response to warming was due to shrubs being3.2 times more sensitive than trees to chilling *** winters increased the thermal requirement for cambial reactivation in shrubs,leading to a delayed response to warmer *** meta-analysis confirmed such a mechanism across continental *** warming-induced phenological mismatch may give a competitive advantage to trees over shrubs,which would provide a new explanation for increasing alpine treeline shifts under the context of climate change.

关键词： chilling climate warming forcing treeline shift xylogenesis

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No benefits from warming even for subnival vegetation in the central Himalayas

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Science Bulletin 2021年第18期66卷 1825-1829,M0003页

作者： Shalik Ram Sigdel jayram Pandey Eryuan Liang Sher Muhammad Flurin Babst Steven W.Leavitt Miaogen Shen Haifeng Zhu Franco Salerno Shilong Piao j.julio camarero josep Penuelas State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) KathmanduNepal Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of ArizonaAZ 85721USA Water Research Institute-National Research Council(IRSA-CNR) Brugherio 20861Italy Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza 50080Spain CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABCerdanyola del VallesCatalonia 08913Spain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallesCatalonia 08913Spain

普遍认为变暖有利于高山植被生态系统,并已经导致冰缘植物向高海拔的扩张.珠峰山谷金字塔气象站(海拔5050 m)1994~2018的气象记录显示,高海拔山区呈显著的暖干化趋势.然而,我们依然不清楚暖干化是否对冰缘植被更新和分布造成显著影响?... 详细信息

普遍认为变暖有利于高山植被生态系统,并已经导致冰缘植物向高海拔的扩张.珠峰山谷金字塔气象站(海拔5050 m)1994~2018的气象记录显示,高海拔山区呈显著的暖干化趋势.然而,我们依然不清楚暖干化是否对冰缘植被更新和分布造成显著影响?本研究在喜马拉雅山中段3个山谷建立了8块(30 m×120 m)滇藏方枝柏(juniperus indica)和高山柏(juniperus squamata)灌木线样地(海拔介于4344~5074 m之间).样地调查揭示,自20世纪90年代之前所有样地种群更新呈增加的趋势,然而90年代以来更新持续下降.种群更新与春季、夏季温度之间呈现显著的负相关关系,暗示了暖干化加剧了水分胁迫,并限制了种群的更新.另外,近60年来所有灌木线位置稳定.近30年遥感数据也证实,研究区冰缘植被无变绿趋势,甚至出现2%-6%的植被生长减弱现象.因此,进一步研究应该探讨冰缘植被生长减弱对喜马拉雅山区水循环和生物多样性的影响.

关键词：生物多样性喜马拉雅山区高海拔山区种群更新植被生态系统植被生长气象记录

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A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.Beeren G.Dos Santos P.j.Dijkstra C.Mota j.Bauer H.Ferreira Rui L.Reis N.Neves S.camarero-Espinosa M.B.Baker L.Moroni Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3B’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell *** of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies available to control the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k(PCL5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PCL75k at different *** porous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight PCL *** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model compound on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm^(2).Subsequently,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a basic medium,cells expressed higher levels of BMP receptor II(BMPRII)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol/cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material ***,we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing Blending Surface functionalization Surface density Click chemistry Human

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