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A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts

Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 33-40页

作者： Diana Marcela Cuesta Parra Felipe Correa Mahecha Andrés Felipe Rubio Pinzon Davidcamilo Ramirez Bustos Leonel Alveyro Teran Llorente Miguel Fernando jimenez jimenez Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Chemical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Mecanical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia

Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach *** studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 1o *** study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-L prototype and identified the optimal operating *** were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm^(2) at the laboratory scale and 1865.0 cm^(2) at the prototype scale.A design for experiments with different operating times,chloride concentrations,and electric current intensities was *** optimal operating time,sodium chloride concentration,and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min,150 g of chloride per liter,and 3 A,respectively,leading to the production of 5.02 g/L of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of Cl_(2) per *** the prototype scale,the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min,a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter,and a current intensity of 70 A,reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of Cl_(2) per *** addition,this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration,current intensity,and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales,and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical *** 22-L prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.

关键词： Disinfection Electrolysis Energy efficiency Optimization Sodium hypochlorite

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Plant micro-reserves in Valencia(E. Spain):A model to preserve threatened flora in China?

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 383-389页

作者： Simón Fos Emilio Laguna juan jimenez Miguel Angel Gómez-Serrano VAERSA-Generalitat Valenciana Avda. Corts Valencianes Servicio de Vida Silvestre Generalitat Valenciana C./ Castan Tobenas Centro para la Experimentación e Investigación Forestal (CIEF) Generalitat Valenciana Avda. Comarques del País Valencia

The Valencian Community(eastern Spain) was the pioneer territory establishing plant micro-reserves(PMRs). Its model to protect small sites for endemic and endangered plants has been exported to several countries around the globe. This paper highlights 1) the role of PMRs to complement the protection provided by large protected areas, 2) how the establishment of PMRs fosters the increase of floristic knowledge, and 3)the fact that continuous monitoring of PMRs also yields new records of endangered species found within the same PMRs. The flexibility of the PMR approach-it can be adapted to other national and regional legislationsallows its transfer to other rich-biodiversity regions and countries such as China.

关键词： Plant micro-reserves in situ conservation Threatened species Endemic plants Protected areas

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An ultrafast reconfigurable nanophotonic switch using wavefront shaping of light in a nonlinear nanomaterial

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 78-84页

作者： Tom Strudley roman Bruck Ben Mills Otto L Muskens Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Physical Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO171BJUK Optoelectronics Research Centre Faculty of Physical Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO171BJUK

We demonstrate a new concept for reconfigurable nanophotonic devices exploiting ultrafast nonlinear control of shaped wavefronts in a multimode nanomaterial consisting of semiconductor *** pulsed laser excitation of the nanowire mat is shown to provide an efficient nonlinear mechanism to control both destructive and constructive interference in a shaped *** of up to 63%are induced by optical pumping,due to a combination of multimode dephasing and induced transient *** show that part of the nonlinear phase dynamics can be inverted to provide a dynamical revival of the wavefront into an optimized spot with up to 18%increase of the peak to background ratio caused by pulsed laser *** concepts of multimode nonlinear switching demonstrated here are generally extendable to other photonic and plasmonic systems and enable new avenues for ultrafast and reconfigurable nanophotonic devices.

关键词： nanophotonics nanowires nonlinear optics reconfigurable ultrafast wavefront shaping

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Investigation of the effect of hydrocarbons and monoesters in the gelators’composition on the properties of edible oleogel

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 96-104页

作者： Yuliya Frolova roman Sobolev Varuzhan Sarkisyan Alla Kochetkova Federal Research Centre of Nutrition Biotechnology and Food Safety2/14 Ustyinsky ProyezdMoscow 109240Russia

Natural wax gelators have different compositions of compounds(hydrocarbons,wax esters,free fatty alcohols,and free fatty acids),which results in oleogels with varying *** maintain a consistent composition,the individual components can be added to the original wax *** content of hydrocarbons and wax esters greatly affects the structuring process of liquid edible oils with *** aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of modifying the properties of beeswax as a gelling agent by adding hydrocarbons or monoesters to obtain oleogels with specific *** tests were conducted to assess the changes in the oleogel properties,such as color,microstructure,oil-binding capacity,thermal and textural *** research results have shown that the addition of the studied fractions has led to a significant change in all properties of *** initial size of oleogel crystals(7.29±1.80μm)changed after adding fractions,varying from 5.28μm to 12.58μm with hydrocarbons and from 9.95μm to 30.41μm with wax *** addition of 30%–50% hydrocarbons decreased the ability of the oleogels to bind oil and made them less firm compared to samples with 10%-20% *** 10%-20% monoesters increased the firmness of the oleogels,but this indicator decreased when their content was increased to 50%.The obtained data indicate that hydrocarbons and wax esters can be used for targeted correction of the gelling properties of beeswax.

关键词： Oleogel Beeswax Hydrocarbons Wax monoesters Component composition of gelator Textural properties Food

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Investigation of the different weight models in Kalman filter:A case study of GNSS monitoring results

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第3期9卷 220-228页

作者： roman Shults Andriy Annenkov Faculty of GIS and Territories Management Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Department of Engineering Geodesy Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

During geodetic monitoring with GNSS technology one of important steps is the correct processing and analysis of the measured displacements. We used the processing method of Kalman filter smoothing algorithm, which allows to evaluate not only displacements, but also the speed, acceleration, and other characteristics of the deformation model. One of the important issues is the calculation of the obser- vations weight matrix in the Kalman filter. Recurrence algorithm of Kalman filtering can calculate and specify the weights during processing. However, the weights obtained in such way do not always exactly correspond to the actual observation accuracy. We established the observations weights based on the accuracy of baseline measurements. In the presented study, we offered and investigated different models of establishing the accuracy of the baselines. The offered models and the processing of the measured displacements were tested on an experimentally geodetic GNSS network. The research results show that despite of different weight models, changing weights up to 2 times do not change Kalman filtering ac- curacy extremely. The significant improvements for Kalman filtering accuracy for baselines shorter than 10 km were not got. Therefore, for typical GNSS monitoring networks with baseline range 10-15 km, we recommend to use any kind of models. The compulsory condition for getting correct and reliable results is checking results on blunders. For baselines, which are longer than 15 km we propose to use weight model which include baseline standard deviation from network adjustment and corrections for baseline length and its accuracy.

关键词： Kalman filter Weight model GNSS Vertical displacement Baseline accuracy

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Reasons for breaking of chemical bonds of gas molecules during movement of explosion products in cracks formed in rock mass

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第2期30卷 265-269页

作者： Valerii Sobolev Nataliia Bilan roman Dychkovskyi Edgar Caseres Cabana Adam Smolinski Department of Constraction Geotechnics and GeomechanicsDnipro University of TechnologyDnipro 49005Ukraine Department of General and Structural Geology Dnipro University of TechnologyDnipro 49005Ukraine Department of Underground Mining Dnipro University of TechnologyDnipro 49005Ukraine Scientific Research Institute of the Center of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency San Agustin National University ArequipaArequipa PE-04000Peru Central Mining Institute Katowice 40-166Poland

The purpose of this study was to develop a physico-mathematical model and technique for estimation of chemical bond stability depending on electric field intensity of an external point charge.A hypothesis for a possible physico-chemical mechanism of the formation of additional harmful gases in the rock destruction by blasting was *** theoretical basis of the hypothesis is the method of theretical evaluation of bond energy depending on the distance to a point charge,the third Coulomb *** quantum-mechanical model for calculating the electronic terms of molecules makes it possible to solve problems associated with the determination of parameters of molecules under the action of various physical fields on the system under *** model was approved for some diatomic *** discrepancy between the experimental data and calculated data did not exceed 14%,which proves accuracy of the obtained *** model can be used in the field of research into the causes of gas-dynamic phenomena in underground coal mines,in studies of the degree of stability of nanostructured components of coal under physical influences,and in the theoretical design of new compounds and structures in the field of nanomaterial science and nanotechnology.

关键词： Underground coal mine Gas sorption Quantum-mechanical model Rock mass

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Study of relationship between motion of mechanisms in gas operated weapon and its shock absorber

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 42-54页

作者： jiri Balla roman Vitek Dung Nguyen Van Zbynek Krist Hung Nguyen Van Department of Weapons and Ammunition University of Defence BrnoCzech Republic Department of Weapons Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoiViet Nam Department of Design and Special Engineering Alexander Dubcek University of TrencinSlovakia

The article deals with the motion of the breech block carrier and the weapon casing of an automatic weapon mounted on a flexible carriage and the base of the *** works,which did not consider the dynamic properties of the base of the weapon,did not allow to reconcile the calculated and experimental results of the weapon casing displacement when shooting from firing *** the analysis of the motion of individual parts,the methods of mathematical modelling and firing experiments using a high-speed camera were *** show the best accord with experiment when modelling the system with 4 degrees of *** oscillation of the system regarding the movement of the breech block carrier and the weapon casing was investigated under changed conditions of rate of fire,the use of a muzzle brake and different types of shock *** velocities and displacements of the weapon casing and the breech block carrier at different values of the impulse of the gases to the breech block carrier were determined.

关键词： Shock absorber Gas-operated weapon Force-impulse diagram Recoil system Breech block carrier

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Low-frequency laboratory measurements of the elastic properties of solids using a distributed acoustic sensing system

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第9期15卷 2330-2338页

作者： Vassily Mikhaltsevitch Maxim Lebedev roman Pevzner Alexey Yurikov Konstantin Tertyshnikov Curtin University GPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DrJoondalupWA 6027Australia

In recent decades,low-frequency(LF)experiments based on the forced-oscillation(FO)method have become common practice in many rock physics laboratories for measuring the elastic and anelastic properties of ***,the use of the electronic displacement sensors in traditional acquisition systems of FO devices such as conventional capacitive transducers or strain gauges seriously limits both the efficiency and productivity of LF measurements,and,due to the limited contact area of the displacement sensors with a sample under test,increases the requirements for sample *** this paper,we present the first results obtained in the development of a new laboratory method elaborated to measure the elastic properties of *** method is a further development of the FO method where traditional data acquisition is replaced by acquisition based on fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)*** new method was tested in a laboratory study using two FO setups designed for measurements under uniaxial and confining *** study was carried out on a sample made from polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)and an aluminium standard,first under uniaxial pressure at FO frequencies of 1,10,30,60 and 100 Hz,and then under confining pressure at an FO frequency of 1 *** uniaxial and confining pressures were equal to 10 MPa,and the strain in the PMMA sample in all measurements did not exceed 4×10^(-8).The performance of DAS acquisition was compared with the measurements conducted at a strain of 1×10^(-6) using the traditional FO method based on the use of semiconductor strain gauges and the ultrasonic *** results of the DAS measurements are in good agreement with the FO measurements carried out using semiconductor strain gauges and with the literature data.

关键词： Elasticity and anelasticity Acoustic properties Fourier analysis Wave propagation

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Geomechanical analysis of the influence of CO2 injection location on fault stability

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第6期8卷 805-818页

作者： Victor Vilarrasa roman Makhnenko Sohrab Gheibi école Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne LausanneSwitzerland Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research(IDAEA-CSIC) BarcelonaSpain Associated Unit:Hydrogeology Group(UPC-CSIC) BarcelonaSpain Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUSA Norwegian University of Science and Technology TrondheimNorway

Large amounts of carbon dioxide(CO2) should be injected in deep saline formations to mitigate climate change,implying geomechanical challenges that require further *** build-up induced by CO2injection will decrease the effective stresses and may affect fault *** effects of overpressure induced by CO2injection either in the hanging wall or in the foot wall on fault stability are ***2injection in the presence of a low-permeable fault induces pressurization of the storage formation between the injection well and the *** low permeability of the fault hinders fluid flow across it and leads to smaller overpressure on the other side of the *** variability in the fluid pressure distribution gives rise to differential total stress changes around the fault that reduce its *** a significant pressure build-up induced by the fault,caprock stability around the injection well is not compromised and thus,CO2leakage across the caprock is unlikely to *** decrease in fault stability is similar regardless of the side of the fault where CO2is *** results show that fault core permeability has a significant effect on fault stability,becoming less affected for high-permeable *** appropriate pressure management will allow storing large quantities of CO2without inducing fault reactivation.

关键词： Carbon dioxide(CO_2) injection Geomechanics Fault stability Induced seismicity Fault permeability

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Influence of parameters on the microstructure of a duplex stainless steel joint welded by a GMAW welding process

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第4期32卷 415-423页

作者： Sandra Chacón-Fernández Antonio Portolés García Gerardo romaní Labanda Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales UPM

Duplex stainless steels（DSSs） are widely used in industry for their desirable properties. Any fusion welding technique modifies the microstructure and, consequently, the properties of the material. This paper presents a parametric study of the variables that determine the energy contribution（current, voltage and welding speed） and the structural modifications produced during gas metal arc welding. The analysis comprises metallographic study,phase balance, dimensioning of the weld beads and tensile and hardness tests. The influence of the variables studied on the thermal cycles obtained（temperatures reached and cooling rate） was determined by using a finite element model. The results showed that, in addition to the indicated parameters, the parameter power transfer per volume（W/m3） and the geometry in the bead must be controlled due to their influence on the heat flow distribution and phase balance.

关键词： Welding Heat input GMAW Duplex stainless steels (DSS) Finite element model (FEM)

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