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Mechanistically Novel Frontal-Inspired In Situ Photopolymerization:An Efficient Electrode|Electrolyte Interface Engineering Method for High Energy Lithium Metal Polymer Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 273-282页

作者： Ishamol Shaji Diddo Diddens Martin Winter j.j.esh ravi nair Helmholtz-Institute Münster(HI MS) IEK-12Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHCorrensstr.4648149Münster Germany MEET Battery Research Center Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstr.46Münster 48149Germany

The solvent-free in situ polymerization technique has the potential to tailor-make conformal interfaces that are essential for developing durable and safe lithium metal polymer batteries(LMPBs).Hence,much attention has been given to the eco-friendly and rapid ultraviolet(UV)-induced in situ photopolymerization process to prepare solid-state polymer *** this respect,an innovative method is proposed here to overcome the challenges of UV-induced photopolymerization(UV-curing)in the zones where UV-light cannot penetrate,especially in LMPBs where thick electrodes are *** proposed frontal-inspired photopolymerization(FIPP)process is a diverged frontal-based technique that uses two classes(dual)of initiators to improve the slow reaction kinetics of allyl-based monomers/oligomers by at least 50%compared with the conventional UV-curing *** possible reaction mechanism occurring in FIPP is demonstrated using density functional theory calculations and spectroscopic ***,the initiation mechanism identified for the FIPP relies on a photochemical pathway rather than an exothermic propagating front forms during the UV-irradiation step as the case with the classical frontal photopolymerization ***,the FIPP-based in situ cell fabrication using dual initiators is advantageous over both the sandwich cell assembly and conventional in situ photopolymerization in overcoming the limitations of mass transport and active material utilization in high energy and high power LMPBs that use thick ***,the LMPB cells fabricated using the in situ-FIPP process with high mass loading LiFePO_(4)electrodes(5.2 mg cm^(-2))demonstrate higher rate capability,and a 50%increase in specific capacity against a sandwich cell encouraging the use of this innovative process in large-scale solid-state battery production.

关键词： cathodelelectrolyte interface frontal-inspired photopolymerization in situ polymerization lithium metal polymer battery solid polymer electrolyte

Double-sided friction stir welding of Nitronic-40 stainless steel for application in tokamak devices

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第28期159卷 170-183页

作者： Supreeth Gaddam ravi Sankar Haridas Deepthi Tammana Charlie Sanabria Christopher j.Lammi Diana Berman Rajiv S.Mishra Center for Friction Stir Processing Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of North TexasDentonTX76207USA Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Processes Institute University of North TexasDentonTX76207USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of North TexasDentonTX76207USA Commonwealth Fusion Systems CambridgeMAUSA

Nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steels(N-ASS)are widely utilized to fabricate various structural components in tokamak type fusion reactors owing to their suitable mechanical and functional *** components are exposed to a range of temperatures(4-500 K)and interact closely with the magnetic fields that are used to control and contain the plasma within the tokamak ***-40(N40)or XM-11 stainless steel is one such N-ASS used for fabricating structural components in the mag-netic and vacuum vessel systems in tokamak *** of most of the larger components in the magnetic and vacuum vessel systems typically involves some type of fusion-based welding *** study presents a double-sided friction stir welding(FSW)approach as an alternative to fusion welding processes to join 12 mm thick N40 plates to obtain joints with a low fraction ofδferrite(a detrimen-tal ferromagnetic phase),high joint efficiency,no sensitization and loss of hardness in the heat affected zone,and minimal nitrogen desorption from the weld *** double-sided FSW approach yielded superior weldments when compared to similar joints accomplished by fusion welding for application in tokamak devices.

关键词： Friction stir welding Nitronic-40 stainless steel XM-11 stainless steel Magnetic and vacuum vessel systems Tokamak devices

Detection and Classification of Potential Caves on the Flank of Elysium Mons,Mars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第6期22卷 81-90页

作者： ravi Sharma Neeraj Srivastava j.j.T.University Jhunjhunu.Rajasthan 333001India Planetary Science Division Physical Research LaboratoryAhmedabad 380009India

Martian caves have revived interest in the field of subsurface exploration because they are the potential destinations for future human habitats and astrobiological *** are many pits on Mars,but some of them look like collapsed cave *** special pits are formed by the collapse of surface materials into the subsurface void *** signature of life is probable in a subsurface cave on Mars as the subsurface environment can protect life from the harsh and dangerous radiation environment of the *** a cave,there may be an abundance of minerals,fluids,and other key ***,locating the access point of the subsurface cave is essential and crucial for formulating plans for robotic/human explorations of the Red Planet,*** have used remote sensing data from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter(MRO;NASA),Mars Global Surveyor(MGS;NASA),and Mars Odyssey(NASA)for identifying,mapping,and classifying selected special pit candidates on the flank of Elysium Mons,Mars.A total of 32 special pit candidates has been identified and classified based upon morphology and geological *** of these,26 are newly discovered *** thermal behavior of 23 special pit candidates confirms that the special pits are radiating heat energy at nighttime,similar to potential ***,cave entrances have been detected in nine candidates using data from the Hi RISE camera onboard *** sites could be important destinations for future robotic/human exploration and the search for life on Mars.

关键词： planets and satellites individual(Mars)-planets and satellites surfaces-planets and satellites general

Targeting LIF/LIFR signaling in cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第4期9卷 973-980页

作者： Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli Kalarickal V.Dileep Kam Y.j.Zhang Hareesh B.nair Ratna K.Vadlamudi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229USA Laboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Center for Biosystems Dynamics ResearchRIKENYokohamaKanagawa 230-0045Japan Evestra Inc.San AntonioTX 78245USA Mays Cancer Center University of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229USA

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and its receptor (LIFR), are commonly over-expressed in many solid cancers and recent studies have implicated LIF/LIFR axis as a promising clinical target for cancer therapy. LIF/LIFR activate oncogenic signaling pathways including jAK/STAT3 as immediate effectors and MAPK, AKT, mTOR further downstream. LIF/LIFR signaling plays a key role in tumor growth, progression, metastasis, stemness and therapy resistance. Many solid cancers show overexpression of LIF and autocrine stimulation of the LIF/LIFR axis;these are associated with a poorer relapse-free survival. LIF/LIFR signaling also plays a role in modulating multiple immune cell types present in tumor micro environment (TME). Recently, two targeted agents that target LIF (humanized anti-LIF antibody, MSC-1) and LIFR inhibitor (EC359) were under development. Both agents showed effectivity in preclinical models and clinical trials using MSC-1 antibody are in progress. This article reviews the significance of LIF/LIFR pathways and inhibitors that disrupt this process for the treatment of cancer.

关键词： LIF LIFR LIFR inhibitor STAT3 Targeted therapy

Vitamin E ameliorates aflatoxin-induced biochemical changes in the testis of mice

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Asian journal of Andrology 2001年第4期3卷 305-309页

作者： R.j.Verma Anita nair Department of Zoology University School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad-380 009 IndiaDepartment of Zoology University School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad-380 009 India

Aim: To assess the effect of aflatoxin on biochemical changes in the testis of mice and the possibility of ameliorationby vitamin E treatment. Methods: Adult male albino mice were orally administered with 25 or 50μg of aflatoxin/animal/day (750 or 1500 μg/kg body weight) for 45 days. The testis was isolated and processed for biochemical anal-ysis. Results; There was a significant, dose-dependent reduction in DNA, RNA, protein, sialic acid contents andthe activities of succinic dehydrogenase, adenosine triphosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the testis of aflatoxin-treated mice as compared to the vehicle control. However, the acid phosphatase activity was significantly increased inthe aflatoxin-treated mice. Vitamin E (2 mg/animal/day) treatment significantly ameliorated the aflatoxin-inducedchanges, except the acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in the high dose group. Conclusion; Vitamin E treat-ment ameliorates the aflatoxin-induced changes in the testis of mice. (Asian j Androl 2001 Dec; 3: 305 - 309)

关键词： aflatoxin vitamin E testis biochemical changes

Ameliorative effect of vitamin E on aflatoxin-induced lipid peroxidation in the testis of mice

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Asian journal of Andrology 2001年第3期3卷 217-221页

作者： R.j.Verma Anita nair Department of Zoology University School of Sciences Guarat University Ahmedabad 380009 IndiaDepartment of Zoology University School of Sciences Guarat University Ahmedabad 380009 India

Aim: To evaluate the ameliorative effect of vitamin E on aflatoxin-induced lipid peroxidation in the testis. Meth-ods: Adult male albino mice were orally administered 25 or 50 μg of aflatoxin in 0.2 mL olive oil per d for 45 *** testis was isolated, blotted free of blood and processed for biochemical analysis. Results: There was a dose-de-pendent significantly higher lipid peroxidation in the testis of aflatoxin treated mice than in the controls. The levels ofnon-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, total and reduced ascorbic acid, as well as the activities of enzymaticantioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were significantly lower in the testis ofaflatoxin treated mice. Vitamin E (2 mg/d per animal; orally) pretreatment significantly ameliorates the aflatoxin-in-duced lipid peroxidation which could be due to higher enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the testis of mice ascompared with those given aflatoxin alone. Conclusion: Vitamin E pretreatment significantly ameliorates aflatoxin-induced lipid peroxidation in the testis of mice. (Asian j Androl 2001 Sep; 3: 217 - 221)

关键词： aflatoxins vitamin E testis lipid peroxidation

Can the grains offer each other helping hands?Convergent molecular mechanisms associated with domestication and crop improvement in rice and maize

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Molecular Plant 2022年第5期15卷 793-795页

作者： ravi V.Mural james C.Schnable University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNEUSA

The grasses,Poaceae,are an extraordinarily ecologically success-ful clade,with more than 10000 described extant *** grasses include more than 30 domesticated grain crops,ranging from maize(Zea mays),rice(Oryza sativa),and wheat(Triticum aes-tivum),which are collectively responsible for 50%of all calories consumed by humans around the world,to minor and orphan crops such as teff(Eragrostis tef),pearl millet(Pennisetum glaucum),proso millet(Panicum milaceum),and job's tears(Coix lacryma-jobi)(Glémin and Bataillon,2009).Domestication of grain crops from their wild relatives involved a common suite of phenotypic changes,including loss of seed shattering,loss of dormancy,and increased apical dominance,which are collectively referred to as"domestication syndrome"(Glémin and Bataillon,2009).

关键词： sativa crops collective

Emerging role of caldesmon in cancer:A potential biomarker for colorectal cancer and other cancers

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第9期14卷 1637-1653页

作者： Alya R Alnuaimi Vidhya A nair Lara j Bou Malhab Eman Abu-Gharbieh Anu Vinod Ranade Gianfranco Pintus Mohamad Hamad Hauke Busch jutta Kirfel Rifat Hamoudi Wael M Abdel-Rahman Sharjah Institute for Medical Research University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates College of Medicine University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Clinical Sciences University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Basic Medical Sciences University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Biomedical Sciences University of SassariSassari 07100Italy University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein and Luebeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology University of LuebeckLuebeck 23560Germany Institute of Pathology University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinLuebeck 23560Germany Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a devastating disease, mainly because of metastasis. As a result, there is a need to better understand the molecular basis of invasion and metastasis and to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets to aid in managing these tumors. The actin cytoskeleton and actin-binding proteins are known to play an important role in the process of cancer metastasis because they control and execute essential steps in cell motility and contractility as well as cell division. Caldesmon(CaD) is an actin-binding protein encoded by the CALD1 gene as multiple transcripts that mainly encode two protein isoforms: High-molecular-weight CaD, expressed in smooth muscle, and low-molecular weight CaD(l-CaD), expressed in nonsmooth muscle cells. According to our comprehensive review of the literature, CaD, particularly l-CaD, plays a key role in the development, metastasis, and resistance to chemoradiotherapy in colorectal, breast, and urinary bladder cancers and gliomas, among other malignancies. CaD is involved in many aspects of the carcinogenic hallmarks, including epithelial mesenchymal transition via transforming growth factor-beta signaling, angiogenesis, resistance to hormonal therapy, and immune evasion. Recent data show that CaD is expressed in tumor cells as well as in stromal cells, such as cancerassociated fibroblasts, where it modulates the tumor microenvironment to favor the tumor. Interestingly, CaD undergoes selective tumor-specific splicing, and the resulting isoforms are generally not expressed in normal tissues, making these transcripts ideal targets for drug design. In this review, we will analyze these features of CaD with a focus on CRC and show how the currently available data qualify CaD as a potential candidate for targeted therapy in addition to its role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.

关键词： Bladder cancer CALD1 Caldesmon Chemoresistance Colorectal cancer Gastric cancer Glioma Epithelial to mesenchymal transition Invasion Metastasis

Relative effects of different leaf attributes on sapling growth in tropical dry forest

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journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第6期7卷 544-558页

作者： ravi K.Chaturvedi A.S.Raghubanshi j.S.Singh Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Ecosystems Analysis laboratory Department of BotanyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India

Aims Soil moisture content(SMC)influences establishment,survival and development of plant species and is considered as the most important limiting factor in tropical dry forest(TDF).In this study we attempt to establish the relationship between leaf attributes and of tree saplings in TDF and address the following questions:(i)how are the functional attributes of dominant tree saplings of TDF affected by seasonal changes in SMC at different habitats?,(ii)what is the relationship of functional attributes with each other?,(iii)how are the functional attributes and their plasticity affected by habitat con-ditions?and(iv)can the functional attributes in single or in com-bination predict the growth rate of tree saplings of TDF?The study was conducted on four sites(Hathinala,Gaighat,Harnakachar and Ranitali,listed in order of decreasing SMC)within the tropical dry deciduous forest in northern *** We analysed eight leaf attributes,specific leaf area(SLA);leaf dry matter content(LDMC);leaf nitrogen concentration(leaf N);leaf phosphorus concentration(leaf P);chlorophyll concentration(Chl);mass-based photosynthetic rate(Amass);mass-based stomatal con-ductance(Gsmass);intrinsic water use efficiency(WUEi)and three growth attributes,relative diameter increment(RDI);relative height increment(RHI);relative growth rate(RGR)of the 10 dominant tree saplings(viz.,Acacia catechu,Anogeissus latifolia,Boswellia serrata,Buchanania lanzan,Diospyros melanoxylon,Hardwickia binata,Lagerstroemia parviflora,Lannea coromandelica,Shorea robusta and Terminalia tomentosa)of a TDF and observed the effects of site,season and species for a period of 2 *** were selected in gradients of ***-wise multiple regression was performed to predict RDI,RHI and RGR from mean values of SMC and leaf *** Findings All the 11 attributes were interrelated and differed significantly among the 10 *** response varied across sites and *** the SMC g

关键词： tropical dry forest soil moisture content deciduousness tree saplings leaf attributes relative growth rate