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The Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)Project in Central Asia:The Case for a Regional Hydroclimate Project

Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： Michael BRODY Maksim KULIKOV sagynbek ORUNBAEV Peter j.VAN OEVELEN International Agricultural University Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mason University FairfaxVirginia 22030USA University of Central Asia Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American University of Central Asia Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX project George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central Asia consists of the former soviet Republics,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz Republic,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,and *** region’s climate is continental,mostly semi-arid to *** is a significant part of the region’s *** its nature of intensive water use,agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have significantly increased the demand for water in the *** climate change issues include melting glaciers and a shrinking snowpack,which are the foundation of the region’s water resources,and a changing precipitation *** glaciers are located in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,leading to transboundary water resource *** already has extremely high *** indicate that Central Asia has been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is expected to increase,but its spatial and temporal distribution depends upon specific global *** of future precipitation show significant uncertainties in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Projects(RHPs)are an approach to studying these *** steps to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely distributed online survey about these climate *** was followed up with an online workshop and then,in 2023,an in-person workshop,held in Tashkent,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)project for the region include both observations and modeling,as well as development of better and additional precipitation observations,all of which are topics for the next workshop.A well-designed RHP should lead to reductions in critical climate uncertainties in policy-relevant timeframes that can influence decisions on necessary investments in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central Asia climate change agriculture

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Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅢB:a current review and exploration of the AAV therapy landscape

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 355-359页

作者： Courtney j.Rouse Victoria N.jensen Coy D.Heldermon Lacerta Therapeutics AlachuaFLUSA University of Florida College of Medicine GainesvilleFLUSA

Mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for *** results in the aggregation of heparan sulfate polysaccharides within cell lysosomes that leads to progressive and severe debilitating neurological *** treatment options are expensive,limited,and presently there are no approved cures for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢ***-associated virus gene therapy has significantly advanced the field forward,allowing researchers to successfully design,enhance,and improve potential *** group recently published an effective treatment using a codon-optimized triple mutant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that restores N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels,auditory function,and lifespan in the murine model for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB to that seen in healthy ***,we review the current state of the field in relation to the capsid landscape,adeno-associated virus gene therapy and its successes and challenges in the clinic,and how novel adenoassociated virus capsid designs have evolved research in the mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB field.

关键词： adeno-associated virus central nervous system gene therapy heparan sulfate immune response mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase newborn screening

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Biomass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:New horizons for industry decarbonisation

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journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第6期140卷 306-318页

作者： Luis F.Bobadilla Lola Azancot Miriam González-Castañ Estela Ruíz-López Laura Pastor-Pérez Francisco j.Durán-Olivencia Runping Ye Katie Chong Paula HBlanco-sánchez Zenthao Wu Tomás R.Reina joséA.Odriozola Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de sevilla Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de SevillaAvda.Américo Vespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad Loyola AndalucíaAvda.de Las Universidades s/nSevilla 41704Spain Key Laboratory of jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute(EBRI) Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUnited Kingdom

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission *** implementation of renewables should provide major opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply *** fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector,particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are *** addition,it helps reducing the carbon footprint of these sectors in the *** on biomass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the laboratory to *** review deals with the transformation biogenic residues into a valuable bioenergy carrier like biomethanol as the liquid sunshine based on the combination of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as membranes and microchannel *** abatement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment,for this,membrane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this *** reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised biomethanol synthesis from biogenic ***,the development of a process chain for the production of(i)methanol as an intermediate energy carrier,(ii)electricity and(iii)heat for decentralised applications based on biomass feedstock flexible gasification,gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed.

关键词： Biogenic residues Gasification Biomethanol Circular Economy Microreactors

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minisCIDOM: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino M.Reimold E.Beyreuther F.-E.Brack F.Kroll j.Pawelke j.D.schilz M.schneider U.schramm M.E.P.Umlandt K.Zeil T.Ziegler j.Metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based minisCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

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One-neutron stripping process in the^(209)Bi(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)^(210)Bi*reaction reaction

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 120-129页

作者： Gao-Long Zhang Zhen-Wei jiao Guang-Xin Zhang E.N.Cardozo B.Paes shi-Peng Hu jian-Qiang Qian Daniele Mengoni Wei-Wei Qu Cong-Bo Li Yun Zheng Huan-Qiao Zhang Hui-Bin sun Nan Wang Chun-Lei Zhang j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.La Commara A.Goasduff D.Bazzacco D.R.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana s.Bakes I.Zanon s.Aydin Gde Angelis M.siciliano R.Menegazzo s.M.Lenzi s.Akkoyun L.F.Canto j.Lubian school of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340 NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratorio TANDAR Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBKNA1650 San MartíınArgentina Institute for Advanced study in Nuclear Energy and safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPaduaItaly Dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell’Universita di padova PaduaItaly state Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro INFN35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di Napoli80126 NaplesItaly Dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II”80131 NaplesItaly Department of Natural and Mathematical sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkey Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro CP 6852821941-972Brazil

One-neutron stripping process between^(6)Li and^(209)Bi was studied at 28,30,and 34 MeV using the in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy ***γ-γcoincident analysis clearly identified twoγ-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isomeric states,which were employed to determine the cross *** one-neutron stripping cross sections were similar to the cross sections of complete fusion in the^(6)Li+^(209)Bi system,but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased more gradually at the sub-barrier region.A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was performed to study the detailed reaction mechanism of the one-neutron stripping process in^(6)*** calculations indicated that the first excited state of 5 Li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer mechanism,and the valence proton of 209Bi can be excited to the low-lying excited state in(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)reaction,unlike in the(d,p)reaction.

关键词： Transfer reaction Weakly bound nuclei Cross section

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Extremely thin but very robust:surprising cryptogam trait combinations at the end of the leaf economics spectrum

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 621-629页

作者： Tana Wuyun Lu Zhang Tiina Tosens Bin Liu Kristiina Mark joséÁngel Morales-sanchez jesamine jöneva Rikisahedew Vivian Kuusk Ülo Niinemets Institute of Agricultural and Environmental sciences Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi 1Tartu 51014Estonia College of Landscape and Architecture Zhejiang A&F University666 Wusu StreetHangzhou 311300China Estonian Academy of sciences Kohtu 6Tallinn 10130Estonia

Leaf economics spectrum(LEs)describes the fundamental trade-offs between leaf structural,chemical,and physiological ***,structurally robust thick leaves with high leaf dry mass per unit area(LMA)exhibit lower photosynthetic capacity per dry mass(Amass).Paradoxically,“soft and thinleaved”mosses and spikemosses have very low Amass,but due to minute-size foliage elements,their LMA and its components,leaf thickness(LT)and density(LD),have not been systematically ***,we characterized LEs and associated traits in cryptogams in unprecedented details,covering five evolutionarily different *** found that mosses and spikemosses had the lowest LMA and LT values ever measured for terrestrial *** a broad range of species from different lineages,Amass and LD were negatively *** contrast,Amass was only related to LMA when LMA was greater than 14 g cm^(-2).In fact,low Amass reflected high LD and cell wall thickness in the studied *** conclude that evolutionarily old plant lineages attained poorly differentiated,ultrathin mesophyll by increasing *** plant lineages,LD,not LMA,is the trait that represents the trade-off between leaf robustness and physiology in the LEs.

关键词： Investment strategy Leaf density Leaf structural traits LMA estimation bias Non-seed plants Trait trade-offs

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Photon orbits and phase transition for Letelier Ads black holes immersed in perfect fluid dark matter

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 247-259页

作者： Ashima sood Md sabir Ali j.K.singh sushant G.Ghosh Department of Mathematics Netaji Subhas University of TechnologyNew Delhi-110078India Centre for Theoretical Physics Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi 110025India Department of Physics Mahishadal Raj CollegePurba MedinipurWest Bengal721628India Institute of Theoretical Physics&Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics&Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa

We obtain an exact solution for spherically symmetric Letelier Ads black holes immersed in perfect fluid dark matter(PFDM).Considering the cosmological constant as the positive pressure of the system and volume as its conjugate variable,we analyze the thermodynamics of our black holes in the extended phase *** to the background clouds of strings parameter(a)and the parameter endowed with PFDM(β),we analyze the Hawking temperature,entropy,and specific ***,we investigate the relationship between the photon sphere radius and phase transition for the Letelier Ads black holes immersed in *** the analysis,with a particular condition,non-monotonic behaviors are found between the photon sphere radius,impact parameter,PFDM parameter,temperature,and *** can regard the changes in both the photon sphere radius and impact parameter before and after phase transition as the order parameter;their critical exponents near the critical point are equal to the same value,1/2,similar to that in ordinary thermal *** indicates that a universal relation of gravity may exist near the critical point for a black hole thermodynamic system.

关键词： Ads black holes perfect fluid dark matter Letelier spacetime photon orbit extended phase space thermodynamics correlation of photon orbit and thermodynamics

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Revolutionizing plasmonic platform via magnetic field-assisted confined ultrafast laser deposition of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine nanoparticle arrays

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International journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 428-438页

作者： jin Xu Lingfeng Wang Peilin Yang Haoqing jiang Huai Zheng Licong An Xingtao Liu Gary j Cheng school of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906United States of America Institute of Technological sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072People’s Republic of China

The remarkable capabilities of 2D plasmonic surfaces in controlling optical waves havegarnered significant ***,the challenge of large-scale manufacturing of uniform,well-aligned,and tunable plasmonic surfaces has hindered their *** address this,we present a groundbreaking tunable plasmonic platform design achieved throughmagnetic field(MF)assisted ultrafast laser direct deposition in *** precise control of metal nanoparticles(NPs),with cobalt(Co)serving as the model material,employing an MF,and fine-tuning ultrafast laser parameters,we have effectively converted coarse and non-uniform NPs into densely packed,uniform,and ultrafine NPs(~3 nm).This revolutionary advancement results in the creation of customizable plasmonic‘hot spots,’which play a pivotal role insurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(sERs)*** profound impact of this designable plasmonic platform lies in its close association with plasmonic resonance and *** the plasmonic nanostructures resonate with incident light,they generate intense local electromagnetic fields,thus vastly increasing the Raman scattering *** enhancement leads to an outstanding 2–18 fold boost in sERs performance and unparalleled sensing sensitivity down to 10^(-10)***,the plasmonic platform also demonstratesrobustness,retaining its sensing capability even after undergoing 50 cycles of rinsing andre-loading of ***,this work adheres to green manufacturing standards,making it an efficient and environmentally friendly method for customizing plasmonic‘hot spots’insERs *** study not only achieves the formation of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine NP arrays on a tunable plasmonic platform but also showcases the profound relation betweenplasmonic resonance and energy *** outstanding results observed in sERs sensors further emphasize the immense potential of this technology for energy-relatedapplications,including photocatalysis,ph

关键词： magnetic field manipulation laser deposition metasurface sERs

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Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： jorge A.Gutierrez III jeremy L.Barth Rodney j.schlosser Thomas s.Edwards Timothy L.smith Zachary M.soler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRs)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRs patients without polyps(CRssNP).Methods:Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRssNP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRssNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multiple comparisons,one upregulated gene(Immediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(Psis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(Psignaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRssNP can provide valuable information regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflammation may play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some patients with *** study also prompts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

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Optimizing spatial Pattern Analysis in serial Remote sensing Images through Empirical Mode Decomposition and Ant Colony Optimization

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journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年第4期31卷 52-60页

作者： j srinivasan s Uma saleem Raja Abdul samad jayabrabu Ramakrishnan Department of Computer Applications Madanapalle Institute of Technology&Science(MITS)Madanapalle 517325Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Information Technology Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennai 600123India Information Technology Department College of Computing and Information SciencesUniversity of Technology and Applied Sciences-Shinas 324Sultanate of Oman Department of Information Technology and security College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJazan UniversityJazan 45142Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

serial remote sensing images offer a valuable means of tracking the evolutionary changes and growth of a specific geographical area over *** the original images may provide limited insights,they harbor considerable potential for identifying clusters and *** aggregation of these serial remote sensing images(sRsI)becomes increasingly viable as distinct patterns emerge in diverse scenarios,such as suburbanization,the expansion of native flora,and agricultural *** a novel approach,we propose an innovative method for extracting sequential patterns by combining Ant Colony Optimization(ACD)and Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD).This integration of the newly developed EMD and ACO techniques proves remarkably effective in identifying the most significant characteristic features within serial remote sensing images,guided by specific *** findings highlight a substantial improvement in the efficiency of sequential pattern mining through the application of this unique hybrid method,seamlessly integrating EMD and ACO for feature *** study exposes the potential of our innovative methodology,particularly in the realms of urbanization,native vegetation expansion,and agricultural activities.

关键词： spatial pattern analysis EMD ACO

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