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Evaluating provincial-level employment challenge during the coal transition in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第5期13卷 729-737页

作者： Caitlin hamilton jiawei SONG Ryna CUI Colin OLSON Diyang CUI Center for Global Sustainability School of Public PolicyUniversity of MarylandCollege Park 20742USA

As China works to move away from coal in its energy system as a critical strategy to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060,there are several challenges which will affect the coal *** challenge that has not been fully explored is the impact on coal *** are millions of people employed in various sectors along the coal supply chain,including mining,processing,transport,and power *** this study,we developed a framework to understand the magnitude and characteristics of the employment challenges associated with the coal transition across ***,the magnitude and characteristics of the challenges are evaluated from multiple dimensions,including existing coal sector employment,coal production,coal consumption,GDp contribution from the coal industry,and coal mining productivity,to explore how the transition of the coal industry will likely affect different *** results showed that provinces with large total coal employment today are often those with high coal production and consumption,high GDp contribution from the coal industry,and low productivity of coal *** found that employment impacts of a coal transition will not be equally distributed in China,as both the magnitude and characteristics of the employment challenges vary substantially across all *** is therefore important to develop a tailored strategy to tackle specific needs for each province.

关键词： Coal transition just transition Coal employment province China

Effects of N on plant Response to Heat-wave:A Field Study with prairie Vegetation

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journal of Integrative plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1416-1425页

作者： Dan Wang Scott A. Heckathorn Kumar Mainali E. William hamilton Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo Toledo Ohio 43606 USA Department of Biology Washington and Lee University Lexington Virginia 24450 USA

More intense, more frequent, and longer heat-waves are expected in the future due to global warming, which could have dramatic ecological impacts. Increasing nitrogen （N） availability and its dynamics will likely impact plant responses to heat stress and carbon （C） sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. This field study examined the effects of N availability on plant response to heat-stress （HS） treatment in naturally-occurring vegetation. HS （5 d at ambient or 40.5 ℃） and N treatments （±N） were applied to 16 1 m^2 plots in restored prairie vegetation dominated by Andropogon gerardii （warm-season C4 grass） and Solidago canadensis （warm-season C3 forb）. Before, during, and after HS, air, canopy, and soil temperature were monitored; net CO2 assimilation （pn）, quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ （ФpsⅡ）, stomatal conductance （gs）, and leaf water potential （ψw） of the dominant species and soil respiration （Rsoll） of each plot were measured daily during HS. One week after HS, plots were harvested, and C% and N% were determined for rhizosphere and bulk soil, and above-ground tissue （green/senescent leaf, stem, and flower）. photosynthetic N-use efficiency （pNUE） and N resorption rate （NRR） were calculated. HS decreased pn, gs, ψw, and pNUE for both species, and ＋N treatment generally increased these variables （±HS）, but often slowed their post-HS recovery. Aboveground biomass tended to decrease with HS in both species （and for green leaf mass in S. canadensis）, but decrease with ＋N for A. gerardii and increase with ＋N for S. canadensis. For A. gerardii, HS tended to decrease N% in green tissues with ＋N, whereas in S. canadensis, HS increased N% in green leaves. Added N decreased NRR for A. gerardii and HS increased NRR for S. canadensis. These results suggest that heat waves, though transient, could have significant effects on plants, communities, and ecosystem N cycling, and N can influence the effect of heat waves.

关键词： global climate change heat stress N resorption rate photosynthesis photosynthetic N-use efficiency.

Time for a paradigm shift in the classification of muscle injuries

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第3期6卷 255-261页

作者： Bruce hamilton juan-Manuel Alonso Thomas M.Best High performance Sport New Zealand Millennium Institute of Sport and HealthMairangi BayAuckland 0110New Zealand Sports Medicine Department Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine HospitalDoha 22922Qatar UHealth Sports Medicine Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA

Muscle injuries remain one of the most common injuries in sport,yet despite this,there is little consensus on how to either effectively describe or determine the prognosis of a specific muscle *** approaches to muscle classification and grading of medicine have been applied over the last century,but over the last decade the limitations of historic approaches have been *** a consequence,in the past 10 years,clinical research groups have begun to question the historic approaches and reconsider the way muscle injuries are classified and *** a narrative approach,this manuscript describes several of the most recent attempts to classify and grade muscle injuries and highlights the relative strengths and weaknesses of each *** each of the new classification and grading systems have strengths,there remains little consensus on a system that is both comprehensive and evidence *** of the currently identified features within the grading systems have relevance to accurately determining prognosis.

关键词： Classification Grading Magnetic resonance imaging Muscle injury Return to play Ultrasound

plastic deformation of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass fabricated by selective laser melting

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第1期60卷 139-146页

作者： L.Deng K.Kosiba R.Limbach L.Wondraczek U.Kühn S.pauly IFW Dresden Institute for Complex MaterialsHelmholtzstraße 20D-01069DresdenGermany Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research University of JenaFraunhoferstraße 6D-07743JenaGermany University of Applied Sciences Aschaffenburg Würzburger Straße 45D-63743AschaffenburgGermany

Fully amorphous Zr_(52.5)Cu_(17.9)Ni_(14.6)Al_(10)Ti_(5) bulk metallic glass(BMG) samples with a relative density exceeding 98% were fabricated via selective laser melting(SLM).High fracture stresses of around1700 Mpa and a reproducible plastic strain of about 0.5% were obtained for cylindrical SLM *** analysis of the observed serrations during compressive loading implies that the shear-band dynamics in the additively manufactured samples distinctly differ from those of the as-cast *** phenomenon appears to originate from the presence of uniformly dispersed spherical pores as well as from the more pronounced heterogeneity of the glass itself as revealed by instrumented *** these heterogeneities,the shear bands are straight and form in the plane of maximum shear *** manufacturing,hence,might not only allow for producing large BMG samples with complex geometries but also for manipulating their deformation behaviour through tailoring porosity and structural heterogeneity.

关键词： powder bed fusion Selective laser melting Bulk metallic glass Serrated flow Heterogeneity

Gamma Vibrational Bands and Chiral Doublet Bands in A≈100 Neutron-rich Nuclei

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原子核物理评论 2009年第S1期26卷 64-69页

作者： j.H.hamilton A.V.Ramayya j.K.Hwang j.O.Rasmussen S.Frauendorf V.Dimitrov Department of physics Vanderbilt University Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory physics Department Notre Dame University

The level structures of neutron-rich 105Mo,106Mo,108Mo and 110Ru nuclei in A ≈ 100 region have been carefully investigated by coincidence measurements of the prompt γ-rays populated in the spontaneous fission of 252Cf with the Gammasphere detector array. In 105Mo,one-phonon K=9/2 and two-phonon K=13/2 γ-vibrational bands have been identified. In 108Mo,one-phonon γ-vibrational band is expanded and two-phonon γ-vibrational band has been identified. Two similar sets of bands in 106Mo and 110Ru are observed to high spins,which have been proposed as the soft chiral γ-vibrational bands. The characteristics for these γ-vibrational bands and chiral doublet bands have been discussed.

关键词： high spin state neutron-rich nucleus γ-vibrational band chiral doublet band

Collective Band Structures in Neutron-Rich ^108Mo Nucleus

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Chinese physics Letters 2007年第6期24卷 1517-1520页

作者：丁怀博朱胜江 j.H.hamilton A.V.Ramayya j.K.Hwang Y.X.Luo j.0.Rasmussen I.Y.Lee 车兴来王建国徐强 Department of physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 Department of physics Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA

High spin states in the neutron-rich ^108Mo nucleus are studied by measuring prompt γ-rays following the spontaneous fission of 252Cf with a Gammasphere detector array. The ground-state band is confirmed, and the one-phonon γ-vibrational band is updated with spin up to 12h. A new collective band with the band head level at 1422.4keV is suggested as a two-phonon γ-vibrational band. Another new band is proposed as a two-quasi- proton excitation band. Systematic characteristics of the collective bands are discussed.

关键词： Collective Structures Neutron-Rich

CuZr-based bulk metallic glass and glass matrix composites fabricated by selective laser melting

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第22期81卷 139-150页

作者： Liang Deng Long Zhang Konrad Kosiba RenéLimbach Lothar Wondraczek Gang Wang Dongdong Gu Uta Kühn Simon pauly Leibniz IFW Dresden Institute for Complex MaterialsHelmholtzstraße 20D-01069DresdenGermany Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research University of JenaFraunhoferstraße 6D-07743 JenaGermany Laboratory for Microstructure Institute of MaterialsShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China University of Applied Sciences Aschaffenburg Würzburger Straße 45D-63743AschaffenburgGermany

Monolithic bulk metallic glass and glass matrix composites with a relative density above 98%were produced by processing Cu_(46)Zr_(46)Al_(8)(at.%)via selective laser melting(SLM).Their microstructures and mechanical properties were systematically examined.B2 CuZr nanocrystals(30-100 nm in diameter)are uniformly dispersed in the glassy matrix when SLM is conducted at an intermediate energy *** B2 CuZr nanocrystals nucleate the oxygen-stabilized big cube phase during a remelting *** presence of these nanocrystals increases the structural heterogeneity as indirectly revealed by mircrohardness and nanoindentation *** corresponding maps in combination with calorimetric data indicate that the glassy phase is altered by the processing *** the formation of crystals and a high overall free volume content,all additively manufactured samples fail at lower stress than the as-cast glass and without any plastic *** inherent brittleness is attributed to the presence of relatively large pores and the increased oxygen content after selective laser melting.

关键词： Selective laser melting CuZr-based glass Bulk metallic glass matrix composites phase formation Mechanical properties

No relationship between biopsy sites near the main testicular vessels or rete testis and successful sperm retrieval using conventional or microdissection biopsies in 220 non-obstructive azoospermic men

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Asian journal of Andrology 2013年第6期15卷 795-798,I0009页

作者： j Ullrich Schwarzer Heiko Steinfatt Heiko Steinfatt Manfred Schleyer Frank M Kōhn Klaus Fiedler2, Irene von Hertwig Gottfried Krüsmann Wolfgang Würfel Andrologie Centrum MOnchen MOnchen D-81241 Germany Kinderwunsch Centrum MOnchen MOnchen D-81241 Germany Andrologicum MOnchen MOnchen D-80331 Germany

In 220 consecutive patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, sperm retrieval was attempted by a combination of conventional and microdissection testicular sperm extraction （TESE）. For sperm retrieval, 2-3 conventional biopsies were performed followed by a microdissection TESE in cases of negative conventional biopsies. During the surgery, the vasculature of the testis was assessed using the operative microscope, and the location of positive biopsies was registered in relation to the blood supply. The overall sperm retrieval rate was 58.2%. From the initial conventional biopsies, sperm could be retrieved in 46.8% of the patients. With microdissection TESE, sperm could be retrieved from an additional 11.4% of the patients. The further use of microdissection TESE improved the sperm retrieval rate significantly （p=0.017）. No significant accumulation of positive biopsies was found towards the rete testis or the main testicular vessels.

关键词： intracytoplasmic sperm injection male infertility microdissection testicular sperm extraction non-obstructiveazoospermia sperm retrieval

Cost-effectiveness of Crohn's disease post-operative care

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第14期22卷 3860-3868页

作者： Emily K Wright Michael A Kamm peter Dr Cruz Amy L hamilton Kathryn j Ritchie Sally j Bell Steven j Brown William R Connell paul V Desmond Danny Liew Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital University of Melbourne Fitzroy VIC 3065 Melbourne Australia Imperial College London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Melbourne EpiCentre University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health Parkville VIC 3010 Melbourne Australia

AIM: To define the cost-effectiveness of strategies, including endoscopy and immunosuppression, to prevent endoscopic recurrence of Crohn’s disease following intestinal ***: In the “pOCER” study patients undergoing intestinal resection were treated with post-operative drug therapy. Two thirds were randomized to active care (6 mo colonoscopy and drug intensification for endoscopic recurrence) and one third to drug therapy without early endoscopy. Colonoscopy at 18 mo and faecal calprotectin (FC) measurement were used to assess disease recurrence. Administrative data, chart review and patient questionnaires were collected prospectively over 18 ***: Sixty patients (active care n = 43, standard care n = 17) were included from one health service. Median total health care cost was $6440 per patient. Active care cost $4824 more than standard care over 18 mo. Medication accounted for 78% of total cost, of which 90% was for adalimumab. Median health care cost was higher for those with endoscopic recurrence compared to those in remission [$26347 (IQR 25045-27485) vs $2729 (IQR 1182-5215), p patients for colonoscopy could reduce cost by $1010 per patient over 18 mo. Active care was associated with 18% decreased endoscopic recurrence, costing $861 for each recurrence ***: post-operative management strategies are associated with high cost, primarily medication related. Calprotectin use reduces costs. The long term cost-benefit of these strategies remains to be evaluated.

关键词： Crohn’ s disease post-operative Health economics Health care cost Biologics