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Resistive field generation in intense proton beam interaction with solid targets

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 35-43页

作者： W.Q.Wang j.j.honrubia Y.Yin X.h.Yang F.Q.Shao Department of Physics National University of Defense TechnologyHunanChina ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Department of Nuclear Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyHunanChina

The Brown-Preston-Singleton(BPS)stopping power model is added to our previously developed hybrid code to model ion beam-plasma *** simulations show that both resistive field and ion scattering effects are important for proton beam transport in a solid target,in which they compete with each *** the target is not completely ionized,the self-generated resistive field effect dominates over the ion scattering ***,when the target is completely ionized,this situation is ***,it is found that Ohmic heating is important for higher current densities and materials with high *** energy fraction deposited as Ohmic heating can be as high as 20%-30%.Typical ion divergences with half-angles of about 5°-10°will modify the proton energy deposition substantially and should be taken into account.

关键词： interaction beam intense

Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LhAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.j.Bi Y.j.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao j.Chang j.F.Chang A.M.chen E.S.chen h.X.chen Liang chen Lin chen Long chen M.j.chen M.L.chen Q.h.chen S.chen S.h.chen S.Z.chen T.L.chen Y.chen N.cheng Y.D.cheng M.Y.Cui S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.g.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan j.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan j.Fang j.h.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng h.Feng L.Feng S.h.Feng X.T.Feng Y.Feng Y.L.Feng S.gabici B.gao C.D.gao Q.gao W.gao W.K.gao M.M.ge L.S.geng g.giacinti g.h.gong Q.B.gou M.h.gu F.L.guo X.L.guo Y.Q.guo Y.Y.guo Y.A.han M.hasan h.h.he h.N.he j.Y.he Y.he Y.K.hor B.W.hou C.hou X.hou h.B.hu Q.hu S.C.hu D.h.huang T.Q.huang W.j.huang X.T.huang X.Y.huang Y.huang X.L.ji h.Y.jia K.jia K.jiang X.W.jiang Z.j.jiang M.jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li cheng Li Cong Li D.Li F.Li h.B.Li h.C.Li jian Li jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.j.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu j.Liu j.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo h.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.h.Ma j.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri h.j.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.j.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei j.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao j.j.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng F.W.Shu h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun j.Takata P.h.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.Wang C.B.Wang g.W.Wang h.g.Wang h.h.Wang j.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang P.h.Wang R.Wang W.Wang X.g.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.j.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.M.Wei j.j.Wei Y.j.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.F.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi j.Xia g.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao g.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.F.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan j.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang F.Yang F.F.Yang L.L.Yang M.j.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.g.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.Yue h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng M.Zha B.B.Zhang F.Zhang h.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for Research in galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of Physics(guangzhou)&Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(CRs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(SNR)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large high Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LhAASO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2 to 200 *** LhAASO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from Fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~200 TeV in the CR proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of SNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of galactic CRs.

关键词： UhE c-ray Cosmic rays SNR W51C Star clusters

The role of ginseng as an anti-asthmatic agent

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Acupuncture and herbal Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 358-366页

作者： Kailynn j.Yang Liana Y.A.Bautista Danielle g.Iben Dana h.Tran Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine MaywoodILUSA

Introduction Asthma is an inflammatory obstructive respiratory lung disease characterized by limited *** is estimated that more than 300 million people worldwide are affected by asthma,and this number is expected to increase over the next few years[1].Uncontrolled asthma is associated with a severely impaired quality of life and increased mortality rates[2].Other adverse effects of poorly controlled asthma include obesity,pneumonia.

关键词： asthma impaired mortality

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铁陨石中银和镉同位素的丰度

地球与环境 1984年第1期 48-49页

作者： j.h.chen g.j.wasserburg 肖小月

在ⅣB 群、ⅢAB 群和异常群铁陨石中,发现了107Ag/109Ag 比值的异常。过量的107Ag(107Ag#)据推断是早期太阳系中107Pd 衰变的结果。在高 Pd/Ag 比值和低 Ag 含量的样品中,Kaiser 和wasserburg（1933）发现了过量的109Ag。他们推断这些... 详细信息

在ⅣB 群、ⅢAB 群和异常群铁陨石中,发现了107Ag/109Ag 比值的异常。过量的107Ag(107Ag#)据推断是早期太阳系中107Pd 衰变的结果。在高 Pd/Ag 比值和低 Ag 含量的样品中,Kaiser 和wasserburg（1933）发现了过量的109Ag。他们推断这些陨石中的109Ag 是在极强的太阳耀斑的持续阶段中行星表面附近的108Pd 受次级中子辐射的结果。这种粒子辐射必定持续到小行星体形成之后。107Pd 可能是来源于银河系核合成的晚期阶段,或者是早期行星形成之前即太阳为金牛 T 型变星阶段时在太阳系内的局部产物。在最近的研究中,为了确定

关键词：铁陨石金属金属材料 Ag 丰度

由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LhAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong gao Cong Li Ruo-Yu Liu Ruizhi Yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UhE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UhEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

Atomistic Investigation of Shock-Induced Amorphization within Micro-shear Bands in hexagonal Close-Packed Titanium

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1590-1600页

作者： Z.C.Meng K.g.Wang T.Ali D.Li C.g.Bai D.S.Xu S.j.Li A.h.Feng g.j.Cao j.h.Yao Q.B.Fan h.Wang R.Yang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Interdisciplinary Centre for Additive Manufacturing(ICAM) School of Materials and ChemistryUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials Under Shock and Impact School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401135China

The mechanical response of a single crystal titanium sample against(0001)α surface impact was investigated using molecular dynamics ***,non-uniform plastic deformation was observed in the *** high strain rates,amorphization occurred near the edge of the contact region where severe shear strain induced a large number of stacking faults(SFs)and *** contrast,the central part of the contact region underwent less deformation with significantly fewer ***,instead of amorphization by consuming SFs and dislocations,there was a gradual increase in the density of dislocations and SFs during the process of *** local amorphous regions eventually grew into shear bands.

关键词： Shock compression Amorphization Shear band Titanium Molecular dynamics

Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly variable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： j.hornung Y.Zobus h.Lorenté C.Brabetz B.Zielbauer V.Bagnoud gSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung gmbh DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the development and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a novel seed-generation design,allowing for a variable pulse duration spanning over more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for various plasma diagnostics and visualization techniques. In a side-view configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield valuable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PhELIX facility and to be deployed at various laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

The quasi-gramian solution of a non-commutative extension of the higher-order nonlinear Schr?dinger equation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 51-61页

作者： h W A Riaz j Lin Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

The nonlinear Schr?dinger(NLS)equation,which incorporates higher-order dispersive terms,is widely employed in the theoretical analysis of various physical *** this study,we explore the non-commutative extension of the higher-order NLS *** treat real or complex-valued functions,such as g_(1)=g_(1)(x,t)and g_(2)=g_(2)(x,t)as non-commutative,and employ the Lax pair associated with the evolution equation,as in the commutation *** derive the quasi-gramian solution of the system by employing a binary Darboux *** soliton solutions are presented explicitly within the framework of *** visually understand the dynamics and solutions in the given example,we also provide simulations illustrating the associated ***,the solution can be used to study the stability of plane waves and to understand the generation of periodic patterns within the context of modulational instability.

关键词： integrable systems Darboux transformation solitons

Surface engineering with ionic polymers on membranes for boron removal

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 61-69页

作者： Xiting Zhang chenyi Fang j Paul chen Sui Zhang Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 119260Singapore College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Removal of boric acid from seawater and wastewater using reverse osmosis membrane technologies is imperative and yet remains inadequately addressed by current commercial *** research efforts performed post-modification of reverse osmosis membranes to enhance boron rejection,which is usually accompanied by substantial sacrifice in water *** study delves into the surface engineering of low-pressure reverse osmosis membranes,aiming to elevate boron removal efficiency while maintaining optimal salt rejection and water *** were modified by the self-polymerization and co-deposition of dopamine and polystyrene sulfonate at varying ratios and *** surfaces became smoother and more hydrophilic after *** optimum membrane exhibited a water permeability of 9.2±0.1 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·bar^(-1),NaCl rejection of 95.8%±0.3%,and boron rejection of 49.7%±0.1% and 99.6%±0.3% at neutral and alkaline ph,*** water permeability is reduced by less than 15%,while the boron rejection is 3.7 times higher compared to the blank *** research provides a promising avenue for enhancing boron removal in reverse osmosis membranes and addressing water quality concerns in the desalination process.

关键词： membrane low-pressure reverse osmosis boron surface engineering