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Laser-direct-drive program: Promise, challenge, and path forward

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2017年第2期2卷 37-54页

作者： E.M.Campbell V.N.Goncharov T.C.Sangster S.P.Regan P.B.Radha R.Betti j.f.myatt D.H.froula M.j.Rosenberg I.V.Igumenshchev W.Seka A.A.Solodov A.V.Maximov j.A.Marozas T.j.B.Collins D.Turnbull f.j.Marshall A.Shvydky j.P.Knauer R.L.McCrory A.B.Sefkow M.Hohenberger P.A.Michel T.Chapman L.Masse C.Goyon S.Ross j.W.Bates M. Karasik j.Oh j.Weaver A.j.Schmitt K.Obenschain S.P.Obenschain S.Reyes B.Van Wonterghem Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of RochesterRochesterNYUSA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCAUSA Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDCUSA

Along with laser-indirect(X-ray)-drive and magnetic-drive target concepts,laser direct drive is a viable approach to achieving ignition and gain with inertial confinement *** the United States,a national program has been established to demonstrate and understand the physics of laser direct *** program utilizes the Omega Laser facility to conduct implosion and coupling physics at the nominally 30-kj scale and lasereplasma interaction and coupling physics at the Mj scale at the National Ignition *** article will discuss the motivation and challenges for laser direct drive and the broad-based program presently underway in the United States.

关键词： Inertial fusion Direct drive Laser interactions Hydrodynamics Omega National ignition facility

Effects of rare-earth Pr3+-Dy3+ doping on structural,magnetic,optical and dielectric properties of Zn2Y hexaferrite

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journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 329-336页

作者： Ibrahim Mohammed Mohamed E.El Sayed Ali Shawabkeh Mohammad N.Murshed Ibtehaj f.Alshdoukhi Zeinhom M.El-Bahy j.Mohammed A.K.Srivastava Department of Physics Lovely Professional University Department of Science Technology Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic Birnin Kebbi Physics Department Faculty of Science and ArtsKing Khalid University College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle East Department of Basic Sciences College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health ScienceKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceFederal University Dutse

This study was conducted to investigate the properties of Pr3+-Dy3+doped Zn2Y-type hexaferrite for potential technological applications.X-ray diffraction（XRD）,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（fTIR） and field-emission scanning electron microscopy（fESEM） were used to analyze structural *** crystallite size in the synthesized samples varies between 57.54 and 68.57 *** vibrational bands at 400 and 600 cm-1,common to all hexaferrites,were confirmed through *** fESEM analysis reveals an agglomeration of magnetic grains and a decrease in the average grain size from 1.24 to1.06 μ*** M-H loops show that,with x values of 0.0,0.1,and 0.2,the saturation magnetization is determined to be 34.76,34.23,and 32.52 emu/g,*** corresponding coercivity values are21.24,30.39,and 33.99 ***-visible spectroscopy using Tauc theory reveals an increase in the optical band gap from 2.32 to 2.50 eV,indicating a tunable energy band structure by incorporating Pr3+-Dy3+*** dielectric constant increases,whereas AC conductivity decreases with increased Pr3+-Dy3+*** obtained results suggest the potential suitability of these materials for various technological applications.

关键词： Dielectric constant Magnetic hysteresis Optical band gap Pr3+-Dy3+ Rare earths Zn2Y-type hexaferrite

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher j.O’Connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

LHAASO detection of very-high-energy γ-ray emission surrounding PSR j0248+6021

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： Zhen Cao f.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.j.Bi Y.j.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao j.Chang j.f.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.X.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen M.j.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.C.Chu M.Y.Cui S.W.Cui X.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan j.H.fan Y.Z.fan j.fang j.H.fang K.fang C.f.feng H.feng L.feng S.H.feng X.T.feng Y.feng Y.L.feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge T.T.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu f.L.Guo j.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han O.A.Hannuksela M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He j.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu C.Huang D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.j.Huang X.T.Huang X.Y.Huang Y.Huang Y.Y.Huang X.L.ji H.Y.jia K.jia H.B.jiang K.jiang X.W.jiang Z.j.jiang M.jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Khangulyan D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li f.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li jian Li jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.f.Liang S.j.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu j.Liu j.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.H.Ma j.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.j.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov K.C.Y.Ng L.j.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei j.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao j.j.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng f.W.Shu H.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun j.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian L.H.Wan C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang H.G.Wang H.H.Wang j.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang P.H.Wang R.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.j.Wang Z.H.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.M.Wei j.j.Wei Y.j.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.f.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi j.Xia G.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.f.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.H.Yan j.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang f.Yang f.f.Yang L.L.Yang M.j.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H Southwest jiaotong University School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai jiao Tong University Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Hebei Normal University University of Science and Technology of China LHAASO Collaboration State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy & Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University) Ministry of Education Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy (Zhuhai) & School of Physics (Guangzhou) & Sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology (Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen University Institute of High Energy Physics Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/IRfU Observatoire de Paris Department of Engineering Physics & Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University School of Physics and Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou University Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences China Center of Advanced Science and Technology College of Physics Sichuan University School of Physics Peking University Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangxi University Department of Physics faculty of Science Mahidol University Moscow Institute

We report the detection of an extended very-high-energy(VHE) γ-ray source coincident with the location of middle-aged(62.4 kyr) pulsar PSR j0248+6021, by using the LHAASO-WCDA data of live 796 d and LHAASO-KM2A data of live 1216d. A significant excess of γ-ray induced showers is observed both by WCDA in energy bands of 1-25 Te V and KM2A in energy bands of >25 TeV with 7.3σ and 13.5σ, respectively. The best-fit position derived through WCDA data is R.A. = 42.06°± 0.12°and Dec. = 60.24°± 0.13°with an extension of 0.69°±0.15°and that of the KM2A data is R.A.= 42.29°± 0.13°and Dec. =60.38°± 0.07°with an extension of 0.37°±0.07°. No clear extended multiwavelength counterpart of this LHAASO source has been found from the radio band to the GeV band. The most plausible explanation of the VHE γ-ray emission is the inverse Compton process of highly relativistic electrons and positrons injected by the pulsar. These electrons/positrons are hypothesized to be either confined within the pulsar wind nebula or to have already escaped into the interstellar medium, forming a pulsar halo.

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Searching Radio Signals from Two Magnetars and a High-magnetic field Pulsar and the Serendipitous Discovery of a New Radio Pulsar PSR j1935+2200

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期25卷 110-115页

作者： Lang Xie j.L.Han Z.L.Yang W.C.jing D.j.Zhou W.Q.Su Yi Yan Tao Wang Nan-Nan Cai P.f.Wang Chen Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences

Magnetars are slowly rotating, highly magnetized young neutron stars that can show transient radio phenomena for radio pulses and fast radio bursts. We conducted radio observations from two magnetars SGR j1935+2154 and3XMM j185246.6+003317 and a high-magnetic field pulsar PSR j1846–0258 using the five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope（fAST）. We performed single pulse and periodicity searches and did not detect radio signals from them. from the piggyback data recorded by other fAST telescope beams when we observed the magnetar SGR 1935+2154, we serendipitously discovered a new radio pulsar, PSR j1935+2200. We carried out the follow-up observations and obtained the timing solution based on these new observations and the archive fAST data. PSR j1935+2200 is an isolated old pulsar, with a spin period of 0.91 s, a spin-period derivative of9.19 × 10-15s s-1, and a characteristic age of 1.57 Myr. It is a weak pulsar with a flux density of 9.8 μjy at1.25 GHz. Discovery of a new pulsar from the long fAST observations of 30 minutes implies that there may be more weak older pulsars in the Galactic disk to be discovered.

关键词： (stars:) pulsars: individual (PSR j1935+2200) stars: neutron

Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly flyger Samantha j.Holdsworth Alistair j.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

Two-plasmon-decay instability stimulated by dual laser beams in inertial confinement fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： C.-W.Lian Y.ji R.Yan j.Li L.-f.Wang Y.-K.Ding j.Zheng Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of IfSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Plasma Physics and fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China

Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement *** this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-incidence laser beam(Beam-L)is investigated via particle-in-cell *** is found that significant TPD growth can develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-L exceeds the large-angle-incidence *** beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplification”manner in which the absolute instability driven by Beam-L provides the seeds that are convectively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot-electron generation.

关键词： laser pump decay

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经济地生产电动汽车

现代制造 2025年第02期 26-27页

作者： jürgen fürst

磨削良好的大前角可转位刀片适合于在特种加工中使用,也适合于加工特种材料。在切削加工那些不稳定的工件时和在切削散热性能很差的坚硬材料时,这种可转位刀片都有着上佳表现。德国施瓦本地区的Karl Heinz Arnod有限公司30多年来就一直...

磨削良好的大前角可转位刀片适合于在特种加工中使用,也适合于加工特种材料。在切削加工那些不稳定的工件时和在切削散热性能很差的坚硬材料时,这种可转位刀片都有着上佳表现。德国施瓦本地区的Karl Heinz Arnod有限公司30多年来就一直致力于将自己研发制造的可转位刀片技术推向顶峰。它们研发生产的Arno系列大前角可转位刀片为全球众多的机械加工企业提供了大量的选择可能性。今天,聪明的刀具客户已经在电动汽车零部件的生产过程中采用了更加经济、更加有利于企业健康发展的切削加工技术,减少了费用开支。

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown Rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute