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Biomarkers in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma:Predictors of progression and prognosis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第45期16卷 5669-5681页

作者： Chin-Ann j.ong Pierre Lao-Sirieix Rebecca C Fitzgerald MRC Cancer Cell Unit Hutchison-MRC Research CentreCambridgeCB20XZUnited Kingdom

Barrett’s esophagus is a well-known premalignant lesion of the lower esophagus that is characterized by intestinal metaplasia of the squamous epithelium. It is clinically important due to the increased risk (0.5% per annum) of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), which has a poor outcome unless diagnosed early. The current clinical management of Barrett’s esophagus is hampered by the lack of accurate predictors of progression. In addition, when patients develop EA, the current staging modalities are limited in stratifying patients into different prognostic groups in order to guide the optimal therapy for an individual patient. Biomarkers have the potential to improve radically the clinical management of patients with Barrett’s esophagus and EA but have not yet entered mainstream clinical practice. This is in contrast to other cancers like breast and prostate for which biomarkers are utilized routinely to inform clinical decisions. This review aims to highlight the most promising predictive and prognostic biomarkers in Barrett’s esophagus and EA and to discuss what is required to move the field forward towards clinical application.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal adenocar cinoma Esophageal dysplasia Prognosis

Intestinal stem cells and the colorectal cancer microenvironment

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 1898-1909页

作者： Bryan A ong Kenneth j Vega Courtney W Houchen Department of Digestive Diseases University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104United States

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a highly fatal condition in part due to its resilience to treatment and its propensity to spread beyond the site of primary occurrence. One possible avenue for cancer to escape eradication is via stem-like cancer cells that, through phenotypic heterogeneity, are more resilient than other tumor constituents and are key contributors to cancer growth and metastasis. These proliferative tumor cells are theorized to possess many properties akin to normal intestinal stem cells. Not only do these CRC “stem” cells demonstrate similar restorative ability, they also share many cell pathways and surface markers in common, as well as respond to the same key niche stimuli. With the improvement of techniques for epithelial stem cell identification, our understanding of CRC behavior is also evolving. Emerging evidence about cellular plasticity and epithelial mesenchymal transition are shedding light onto metastatic CRC processes and are also challenging fundamental concepts about unidirectional epithelial proliferation. This review aims to reappraise evidence supporting the existence and behavior of CRC stem cells, their relationship to normal stem cells, and their possible dependence on the stem cell niche.

关键词： Colon cancer stem cells DCLK1 protein Stem cell niche Cell dedifferentiation

Profiles of Entamoeba histolytica—specific imunoglobulins in human sera

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第3期5卷 234-238页

作者： Windell L Rivera Herbert j Santos Vanissa A ong Lara jessica G Murao Institute of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Molecular Protozoology Laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Objective:To determine the profdes of anti-Entamoeba histolytica(***) ***. and IgM in sera of diarrheic and non-diarrheic individuals and partially characterize target ***:Serum samples from thirty diarrheic and thirty non-diarrheic individuals were subjected to IgA,IgG,and IgM profiling through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (***),flow cytometry,and ***:ELBA titer results showed that both diarrheic and non-diarrheic individuals possess high levels of ***-specific IgG compared to IgA and *** cytometry data showed that diarrheic serum samples had higher mean reaction percentages against *** cells compared to non-diarrheic *** *** proteins with molecular weights ranging belween 7 kDa and 292 kDa were recognized by diarrheic serum IgG,and 170 kDa and 250 kDa by non-diarrheic serum IgG. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that serum *** IgG,compared with serum *** IgA and IgM responses,was generally high in both diarrheic and nondiarrheic sera,indicating a past exposure to the organism both in symptomatic patients as well as in asymptomatic carriers,*** addition,serum IgG from diarrheic and non-diarrheic patients were able to detect immunogenic *** proteins.

关键词： Entamoeba histolytica IgA IgG IgM ELISA immunoblot flow cytometry

Anemia and iron deficiency in gastrointestinal and liver conditions

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 7908-7925页

作者： jürgen Stein Susan Connor Garth Virgin David Eng Hui ong Lisandro Pereyra Interdisciplinary Crohn Colitis Centre Rhein-Main Frankfurt am Main Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition DGD Clinics Sachsenhausen Frankfurt am Main60594 Frankfurt Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Liverpool Hospital South Western Clinical School University of New South Wales Vifor Pharma Flughofstrasse 61 CH-8152 Zurich Switzerland Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medicine Cluster National University Hospital Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Hospital Alemán

Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is associated with a number of pathological gastrointestinal conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease, and also with liver disorders. Different factors such as chronic bleeding, malabsorption and inflammation may contribute to IDA. Although patients with symptoms of anemia are frequently referred to gastroenterologists, the approach to diagnosis and selection of treatment as well as follow-up measures is not standardized and suboptimal. Iron deficiency, even without anemia, can substantially impact physical and cognitive function and reduce quality of life. Therefore, regular iron status assessment and awareness of the clinical consequences of impaired iron status are critical. While the range of options for treatment of IDA is increasing due to the availability of effective and well-tolerated parenteral iron preparations, a comprehensive overview of IDA and its therapy in patients with gastrointestinal conditions is currently lacking. Furthermore, definitions and assessment of iron status lack harmonization and there is a paucity of expert guidelines on this topic. This review summarizes current thinking concerning IDA as a common co-morbidity in specific gastrointestinal and liver disorders, and thus encourages a more unified treatment approach to anemia and iron deficiency, while offering gastroenterologists guidance on treatment options for IDA in everyday clinical practice.

关键词： Iron deficiency anemia Gastrointestinal bleeding Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Gastritis Infection Bariatric surgery Celiac disease Gastrointestinal neoplasm Chronic hepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

CFD investigation of the feasibility of polymer-based microchannel heat sink as thermal solution

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第4期28卷 980-994页

作者： Yue Seong ong KuZilati KuShaari Department of Chemical Engineering University Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarMalaysia

Microchannel heat sinks(MCHSs)are promising thermal solutions in miniaturized or compact *** aspect has been given huge emphasis in recent ***-based materials are commonly used to fabricate MCHSs due to their high thermal ***,MCHSs are heavy due to the high density of these materials albeit the small footprint of ***-based materials are interesting *** their poor thermal conductivity,lightweight feature attracts the interest of *** transfer is a conjugate process of heat conduction and heat *** heat conductions aspect may be compensated through enhancement of heat convection *** polymer-based materials have been used in microscale heat transfer studies,their focus was not on their *** present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of polymer-based MCHSs as thermal *** effect of thermal conductivity of fabrication materials,including polymer-based PDMS,PTFE,PDMS/MWCNT,and metal-based aluminum,on the thermal performance of MCHSs was investigated and compared at various inlet flow rate,fluid thermal conductivity,and microchannel ratio at different constant heat fluxes using three-dimensional CFD *** showed that the thermal performance of MCHSs was greatly affected by the heat conduction aspect in which poor heat conduction limited the thermal performance improvement due to enhanced heat convection *** suggests polymer-based materials have the potential for heat transfer applications through thermal conductivity *** was confirmed in the further analysis using a recently proposed high thermal conductivity polymer-based graphite/epoxy MCHS and a hybrid-based PDMS/aluminum MCHS.

关键词： Microchannel heat sink Thermal performance Thermal conductivity Microchannel ratio Computational fluid dynamic

Long range electromagnetic field nature of nerve signal propagation in myelinated axons

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第3期31卷 619-623页

作者： Qing-Wei Zhai Kelvin j A Ooi Sheng-Yong Xu C K ong School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Department of Physics Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Department of Electronics School of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversiyBeijing 100871China Department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3117551 Singapore

The nature of saltatory conduction in myelinated axon described by equivalent circuit and circuit theory is still contentious. Recent experimental observations of action potentials transmitting through disjointed nerve fibers strongly suggest an electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism of the nerve signals. In this paper, we employ the electromagnetic wave model of the myelinated axon to describe action potential signal propagation. We use the experimental frequency-dependent conductivity and permittivity values of the nerve tissues in order to reliably calculate the electromagnetic modes by using electromagnetic mode solvers. We find that the electromagnetic waves above 10 kHz can be well confined in extracellular fluid–myelin sheath–intracellular fluid waveguide and propagate a distance of 7 mm without much attenuation. Our study may serve as one of the fundamental researches for the better understanding of the nervous system.

关键词： action potential propagation and axons neuronal wave propagation neuroscience electrodynamics in the nervous system

Ab initio study of Z(N)=6 magicity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第12期48卷 138-141页

作者： He Li H.j.ong Dong-Liang Fang I.A.Mazur I.j.Shin A.M.Shirokov j.P.Vary Peng Yin Xing-Bo Zhao Wei Zuo Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China joint Department for Nuclear Physics Lanzhou University and Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka UniversityIbarakiOsaka 5670047Japan RIKEN Nishina Center WakoSaitama 3510198Japan Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies Institute for Basic ScienceDaejeon 34126Republic of Korea Institute for Rare Isotope Science Institute for Basic ScienceDaejeon 34000Republic of Korea Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA College of Physics and Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China

The existence of magic numbers of protons and neutrons in nuclei is essential for understanding the nuclear structure and fundamental nuclear *** decades,researchers have conducted theoretical and experimental studies on a new magic number,Z(N)=6,focusing on observables such as radii,binding energy,electromagnetic transition,and nucleon separation *** performed ab initio no-core shell model calculations for the occupation numbers of the lowest single particle states in the ground states of Z(N)=6 and Z(N)=8 isotopes(isotones).The results of our calculations do not support Z(N)=6 as a magic number over a range of atomic ***,14C and 14O exhibit the characteristics of double-magic nuclei.

关键词： Ab-initio calculations magic number Z(N)=6 and Z(N)=8 isotopes(isotones) occupation number

The role of soluble sugars during drought in tropical tree seedlings with contrasting tolerances

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journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 389-397页

作者： Michael j.O’Brien Annabelle Valtat Samuel Abiven Mirjam S.Studer Robert ong Bernhard Schmid Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipán s/n.E-28933 MóstolesMadridSpain Southeast Asia Rainforest Research Partnership The Peak VistaLorang Punjak 1Tanjung LipatKota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Geography University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Laboratoire de Géologie UMR 8538Ecole Normale SupérieurePSL Research UniversityCNRSParisFrance Centre de recherche enécologie expérimentale et prédictive(CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance) Département de biologieEcole normale supérieureCNRSPSL University77140St-Pierre-les-NemoursFrance Forest Research Centre Sepilok90715 SandakanSabahMalaysia

Aims Non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs)are plant storage compounds used for metabolism,transport,osmoregulation and regrowth following the loss of plant *** in conditions suitable for optimal growth,plants continue to store *** storage may be due to passive accumulation from sink-inhibited growth or active reserves that come at the expense of *** former pathway implies that NSCs may be a by-product of sink limitation,while the latter suggests a functional role of NSCs for use during poor *** Using 13C pulse labelling,we traced the source of soluble sugars in stem and root organs during drought and everwet conditions for seedlings of two tropical tree species that differ in drought tolerance to estimate the relative allocation of NSCs stored prior to drought versus NSCs assimilated during *** monitored growth,stomatal conductance,stem water potential and NSC storage to assess a broad carbon response to *** Findings We found that the drought-sensitive species had reduced growth,conserved NSC concentrations in leaf,stem and root organs and had a larger proportion of soluble sugars in stem and root organs that originated from pre-drought storage relative to seedlings in control *** contrast,the drought-tolerant species maintained growth and stem and root NSC concentrations but had reduced leaf NSCs concentrations with a larger proportion of stem and root soluble sugars originated from freshly assimilated photosynthates relative to control *** results suggest the drought-sensitive species passively accumulated NSCs during water deficit due to growth inhibition,while the drought-tolerant species actively responded to water deficit by allocating NSCs to stem and root *** strategies seem correlated with baseline maximum growth rates,which supports previous research suggesting a trade-off between growth and drought tolerance while providing new evidence for the importance of plasticity in

关键词： ^(13)C labelling carbohydrate storage drought tolerance hydraulic function Shorea parvifolia Shorea beccariana source–sink allocation

Trophic Ecology of Ansonia latidisca at Gunung Penrissen, Sarawak, North-Western Borneo

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第2期12卷 250-260页

作者： jia jet ong Indraneil DAS Institute of Biodiversity ami Environmental Conservation Universiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samamhan 94300SaniwakMalaysiii

Dietary data on Ansonia latidisca, the little known Bornean Rainbow Toad, are presented, through an investigation of a population at Gunung Penrissen, Sarawak, Malaysia(north-western Borneo), at elevations between 1,100–1,229 m asl. Standard sampling techniques, including visual encounter surveys, were employed and individuals encountered stomach-flushed, ma rked, a nd released. The volume of food ingested by adults, apart from large females, did not vary monthly, and there was no significant difference between wet and dry periods, the dominance index between the two periods showing no significant difference, indicating that seasonal variation does not affect the dietary constitution of the species across months. The mean longest prey was recovered from a female in March, during the end of the wet season. Larger individuals did not consume larger prey in the species, although larger females did harvest the largest insects, and as may be expected, had fewer prey items in their stomachs at the time. Males fed on fewer prey items than females, the adult male diet predominantly comprised of members of the Hymenoptera, including formicids(ants), as indicated by percentage frequency of occurrence of 78.69, while for adult females, equivalent figure was 90.70. Coleopterans(beetles) were found secondary in importance(48.8% in females, 5.85% in males), the rest categorized as tertiary. Plant items(including bryophytes) had a high frequency of occurrence(23.3% in females, 4.64% in males). Females examined in the month of july had voluminous stomach contents, and may have eaten more to increase fat reserves for breeding in the upcoming wet season. Since the diet of all size classes consisted of hymenopterans(ants) and coleopterans, the study species is here considered to have a narrow food preference, and consequently, is a dietary specialist.

关键词： Ansonia latidisca Borneo diet ecology Malaysia Sarawak