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Ontogeny of the mammalian kidney:expression of aquaporins 1,2,3,and 4

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World journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 306-312页

作者： Lu Xing jian-Guo Wen jørgen Frøkiær jens christian Djurhuus Rikke Nørregaard Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus UniversityDenmark Institute of Clinical Medicine Pediatric Urodynamic CenterUrologyFirst Affi liated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityChina

Background:Determining the expression and functions of aquaporins(AQPs)in the adult kidney has generated important information about the roles of this protein family in the renal regulation of water ***,limited information describes the expression of AQPs in fetal kidneys,and most reports on fetal renal AQPs originate from animal *** there are the maturation and regulation of the renalconcentrating mechanism,the ways in which changes in the expression of AQPs contribute to the formation of urine during the perinatal period remain *** sources:This review summarizes current knowledge about the spatial and temporal expression patterns of AQP1,AQP2,AQP3,and AQP4 in the fetal and postnatal kidneys in different animal species and in human ***:AQP1 and AQP2 expression can be detected earlier in gestation in human beings and sheep compared with mice and ***1 expression is detected earlier in the proximal tubules than the expression of AQP2,AQP3,and AQP4 in the collecting ***:Further studies investigating the regulation of AQPs during kidney development may provide insights into normal water-handling mechanisms and the pathophysiology of fetal kidneys,which may determine new directions for the clinical treatment of kidney diseases.

关键词： aquaporin developing kidney fetal

Modeling the growth of individuals in crowded plant populations

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journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第2期1卷 111-116页

作者： christian Damgaard jacob Weiner Department of Terrestrial Ecology National Environmental Research InstituteUniversity of AarhusDK-8600 SilkeborgDenmark Department of Ecology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark and National Center for Ecological Analysis and SynthesisSanta BarbaraCA 93101-5504USA

Aims We present an improved model for the growth of individuals in plant populations experiencing *** Individuals grow sigmoidally according to the Birch model,which is similar to the more commonly used Richards model,but has the advantage that initial plant growth is always *** individual plant growth models are coupled so that there is a maximum total biomass for the *** effects of size-asymmetric competition are modeled with a parameter that reflects the size advantage that larger individual have over smaller *** fit the model to data on individual growth in crowded populations of Chenopodium *** Findings When individual plant growth curves were not coupled,there was a negative or no correlation between initial growth rate and final size,suggesting that competitive interactions were more important in determining final plant size than were plants’initial growth *** coupled growth equations fit the data better than individual,uncoupled growth models,even though the number of estimated parameters in the coupled competitive growth model was far fewer,indicating the importance of modeling competition and the degree of size-asymmetric growth explicitly.A quantitative understanding of stand development in terms of the growth of individuals,as altered by competition,is within reach.

关键词： Birch model growth curves plant competition Richards model size-asymmetric competition

Population assessment and habitat associations of the Visayan Hornbill(Penelopides panini)in Northwest Panay,Philippines

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 612-622页

作者： Holly Isabelle Mynott David Charles Lee Rhea Aranas Santillan christian jürgen Schwarz Benjamin Tacud Arcel Dryden Fernandez Daphne Kerhoas Bristol Zoological Society Bristol Zoo GardensCollege RoadCliftonBristol BS83HAUK School of Applied Sciences University of South WalesAlfred Russel Wallace BuildingUpper Glyntaff CampusPontypridd CF374BBUK PhilinCon L.A.Dioso Memorial Public LibraryIloilo-Antique Road5712 PandanPhilippines PhilinCon Germany Ruhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 150ND 1/3144801 BochumGermany

Background:Seven out of ten hornbill species in the Philippines are threatened with *** these is the endangered Visayan Hornbill(Penelopides panini),found on the islands of Panay and *** by habitat loss and hunting,its population size is thought to have declined from 1800 individuals 20 years ago to less than ***,a recent study on Negros estimated 3564 individuals across three core forest *** study aims to quantify the Visayan Hornbill population size in and around the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park(NWPPNP)on Panay,the largest contiguous low-elevation forest landscape remaining across its range,and its broad habitat associations across a gradient of environmental ***:Hornbills were surveyed using 10-min distance sampling point counts(n=367)along transects(average length 1.1 km).Environmental variables were recorded along transects,while habitat was classified into primary forest,secondary forest,plantation,or open *** software was used to estimate population densities stratified by habitat,with the overall population estimate taken as a mean of habitat density estimates weighted by habitat *** generalized linear mixed models,hornbill occurrence was modelled using combinations of nine environmental variables as main and two-way fixed ***:Surveys covered 204.4 km^(2) of the 374.8 km^(2) Northwest Panay *** were not recorded in plantations or open *** density was significantly higher in primary forest(17.8 individuals/km~2±26.9%CV)than in secondary forest(3.7 individuals/km^(2)±33.2%CV;z=15.212,P<0.001).The overall population estimate for the NWPPNP and environs is 2109 individuals,and 2673 individuals for the entire Northwest Panay *** presence was best explained by a model including distance from the Park boundary alongside five interaction effects and transect as a random ***,and the interaction between distance

关键词： Distance sampling Endangered species GLMM Hornbill Point count Population size Protected area

Introduction of two novel devices for investigating the influence of non-mechanical components such as therapeutic qi in acupuncture

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第3期11卷 168-174页

作者： Raphael j.Hochstrasser P.christian Endler Sabine D.Klein Interuniversity College for Health and Development Graz Castle of Seggau8042 GrazAustria TCM Practice Aarau Ochsengssli 75000 AarauSwitzerland Institute of Complementary Medicine KIKOM University of Bern3010 BernSwitzerland Research Working Group Swiss Professional Organization for Traditional Chinese Medicine SBO-TCM9113 DegersheimSwitzerland

OBjECTIVE： Acupuncture is a complex intervention consisting of specific and non-specific components. Acupuncture studies more frequently focus on collecting data from the patients＇ perspective and response, but the acupuncturist＇s role remains relatively unclear. In order to investigate potential non-mechanical active factors originating from the acupuncturist and transmitted to the patient during treatment, two novel devices for basic research in acupuncture were designed. The Acuplicator allows the researcher to insert needles without touching the needles themselves, while the Veliusator locks the needle in its place so that no mechanical movement can be transferred. METHODS： The Acuplicator was used to insert needles at Neiguan （PC6） on the right forearm of 23 volunteers. The insertion depth was measured using a depth gauge. The transfer of mechanical movements from the handle to the tip was detected with a precision length gauge with a motoric-tactile sensor. RESULTS： The mean insertion depth was （12.3 ± 1.5） mm （range 9.5 to 15.0 mm）. Even with intense manipulation of the needle handle, no movements within ± 1 μm could be detected at the tip when the needle was locked. CONCLUSION： With these two devices it will be possible to investigate the influence of non- mechanical components such as therapeutic qi in acupuncture.

关键词： acupuncture needling sensation response acupuncture sensation

SV2B defines a subpopulation of synaptic vesicles

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journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第9期15卷 1-13页

作者： Isabelle Paulussen Hannes Beckert Timothy FMusial Lena j.Gschossmann julia Wolf Mathieu Schmitt jérôme Clasadonte Georges Mairet-Coello christian Wolff Susanne Schoch Dirk Dietrich Synaptic Neuroscience Team Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital BonnBonn 53127Germany Synaptic Neuroscience Team Department of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonn 53127Germany Microscopy Core Facility Medical FacultyUniversity of BonnBonn 53127Germany UCB Pharma Braine l’Alleud 1420Belgium

Synaptic vesicles can undergo several modes of exocytosis,endocytosis,and trafficking within individual synapses,and their fates may be linked to different vesicular protein ***,we mapped the intrasynaptic distribution of the synaptic vesicle proteins SV2B and SV2A in glutamatergic synapses of the hippocampus using three-dimensional electron ***2B was almost completely absent from docked vesicles and a distinct cluster of vesicles found near the active *** contrast,SV2A was found in all domains of the synapse and was slightly enriched near the active ***2B and SV2A were found on the membrane in the peri-active zone,suggesting the recycling from both clusters of ***2B knockout mice displayed an increased seizure induction threshold only in a model employing high-frequency *** data show that glutamatergic synapses generate molecularly distinct populations of synaptic vesicles and are able to maintain them at steep spatial *** almost complete absence of SV2B from vesicles at the active zone of wildtype mice may explain why SV2A has been found more important for vesicle release.

关键词： 3D electron microscopy synaptic vesicles synaptic vesicle proteins endocytosis trafficking spatial organization

Thermo-mechanical dynamics of nanoimprinting anti-reflective structures onto small-core mid-IR chalcogenide fibers [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第3期19卷 46-52页

作者： christian R.Petersen Mikkel B.Lotz Christos Markos Getinet Woyessa David Furniss Angela B.Seddon Rafael j.Taboryski O.Bang DTU Fotonik Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark DTU Nanolab Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark NORBLIS DK-2830 VirumDenmark Mid-Infrared Photonics Group University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK NKT Photonics DK-3460 Bi「ke「0dDenmark

Thermal nanoimprinting is a fast and versatile method for transferring the anti-reflective properties of subwavelength nanostructures onto the surface of highly reflective substrates, such as chalcogenide glass optical fiber end faces. In this paper, the technique is explored experimentally on a range of different types of commercial and custom-drawn optical fibers to evaluate the influence of geometric design, core/cladding material, and thermo-mechanical properties. Up to32.4% increased transmission and 88.3% total transmission are demonstrated in the 2–4.3 μm band using a mid-infrared(IR) supercontinuum laser.

关键词： nanoimprint lithography anti-reflection hot imprint chalcogenide glass optical fiber mid-infrared supercontinuum

Facing the 2013 Gold Rush: A Population Viability Analysis for the Endangered White-Lipped Peccary (<i>Tayassu pecari</i>) in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica

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Natural Resources 2014年第16期5卷 1007-1019页

作者： christian j. Rivera Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton USA

The white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) is facing range-wide declines throughout the Neotropics. It has been eliminated from about 89% of its historical range in Costa Rica. Corcovado National Park, in the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica, is the last remaining stronghold for the white-lipped peccary in the country. In 2013, the Park experienced a sudden gold rush that brought with it a wave of 250 miners and vigorous hunting pressures on the population. Given that the species is endangered and is susceptible to hunting due to its herding behavior and tendency to cohere and attack when threatened rather than flee, it is important to assess its probability of extinction under various hunting scenarios. Incorporating data from studies on the life history of the species throughout its range in the Neotropics and in Corcovado, I used the population viability analysis software VORTEX to simulate the population trajectories and probabilities of extinction of the species under current hunting pressures and under various management scenarios. The results of this study revealed that under the 2013 scenario where 250 miners were present in the Park, the population of white-lipped peccaries has a about a 40% chance of extinction within five years and about a 99% chance of extinction within 10 years. Moreover, there is an “extinction threshold” for the population between the presence of 100 and 150 miners hunting in the Park. At this threshold, the population growth rate, r, drops from a positive growth rate (r = 0.09, SD = 0.08) to a negative one (r = -0.07, SD = 0.29). I suggest that anti-mining and anti-poaching laws be enforced immediately, and that the number of miners be reduced to 100 at a minimum, if not completely, in order to ensure that the population of white-lipped peccaries becomes viable and evades a local extinction.

关键词： Corcovado National Park Population Growth Rate Population Viability Analysis White-Lipped Peccary

Electrospinning of supramolecular polymer complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第1期56卷 24-32页

作者： RICHARD-LACROIX Marie PELLERIN christian Département de Chimie and Centre for Self-assembled Chemical Structures Université de MontréalMontréalQC H3C 3J7Canada

Supramolecular polymer complexes with small molecules are self-assembled through non-covalent interactions and have been proposed for a wide variety of applications in materials science and *** research group has recently shown the possibility of forming highly ordered nanofibers of supramolecular complexes in their thermodynamically stable state using the electrospinning *** ultrafast solvent evaporation rate of electrospinning made possible the in-depth characterization of complexes that had never been prepared in their pure state before because of kinetic issues associated with their formation by conventional *** improved understanding of the formation mechanism allowed us to extend the concept to other techniques featuring a fast solvent evaporation rate,such as electrospray and *** this article,we review our most significant contributions in this research field.

关键词： polymer complexes electrospinning poly(ethylene oxide) urea thiourea

用疾病相关死亡率作为临床研究结局的优势和局限性思考

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英国医学杂志中文版 2020年第5期23卷 277-280页

作者： janus christian jakobsen jørn Wetterslev christian Glaud 张渊(译) Copenhagen Trial Unit Centre for Clinical Intervention ResearchRigshospitaletCopenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark 加拿大麦克马斯特大学

在临床随机试验和系统综述中,疾病相关死亡率(例如心血管死亡率或乳腺癌死亡率)常作为研究结局。使用疾病相关死亡率补充或替代全因死亡率的理由似乎是,疾病相关死亡率更易于检测干预的效果。从理论上讲,疾病相关死亡率是大多数干预措... 详细信息

在临床随机试验和系统综述中,疾病相关死亡率(例如心血管死亡率或乳腺癌死亡率)常作为研究结局。使用疾病相关死亡率补充或替代全因死亡率的理由似乎是,疾病相关死亡率更易于检测干预的效果。从理论上讲,疾病相关死亡率是大多数干预措施旨在影响的指标;与疾病相关的干预作用不会被实验组和对照组中发生的与疾病无关的事件(例如交通事故)"稀释"。如果发生与疾病或试验干预无关的事件,理论上,干预疗效的预计值实际上会受到稀释和影响。尽管使用疾病相关死亡率替代全因死亡率听起来很有吸引力,但本文中我们将思考其方法学的一些局限性。当死亡率是相关的结果时,建议根据效能将全因死亡率作为主要结果,将疾病特异性死亡率作为次要或探索性结果。

关键词：全因死亡率预计值疾病特异性干预措施系统综述干预疗效方法学疾病相关