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Genotypes and viral variants in chronic hepatitis B: A review of epidemiology and clinical relevance

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World journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 289-303页

作者： catherine MN Croagh Paul V Desmond Sally j Bell Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital

The Hepatitis B Virus(HBV) has a worldwide distribu-tion and is endemic in many populations. It is constantly evolving and 10 genotypic strains have been identified with varying prevalences in different geographic regions. Numerous stable mutations in the core gene and in the su-rface gene of the HBV have also been identified in untreated HBV populations. The genotypes and viral variants have been associated with certain clinical featu-res of HBV related liver disease and Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma. For example Genotype C is associated withlater hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconversion, and more advanced liver disease. Genotype A is associated with a greater risk of progression to chronicity in adu-lt acqu-ired HBV infections. Genotype D is particu-larly associated with the precore mu-tation and HBe Ag negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB). The genotypes prevalent in parts of West Africa, Central and Sou-th America, E, F and H respectively, are less well stu-died. Viral variants especially the Basal Core Promotor mutation is associated with increased risk of fibrosis and cancer of the liver. Althou-gh not cu-rrently part of rou-tine clinical care, evalu-ation of genotype and viral variants may provide u-sefu-l adju-nctive information in predicting risk abou-t liver related morbidity in patients with CHB.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Genotype Pre-core Basal core promotor Mutations

De novo and recurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease after liver transplantation

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World journal of Hepatology 2021年第12期13卷 1991-2004页

作者： Ma Ai Thanda Han Raquel Olivo catherine j Choi Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Rutgers UniversityNew Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States Department of Medicine Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07101United States

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a new acronym adopted from the consensus of international *** the increasing prevalence of MAFLD in pre-transplant settings,de novo and recurrent graft steatosis/MAFLD are common in post-transplant *** impact of graft steatosis on long-term outcomes is *** current knowledge of incidence rate,risk factors,diagnosis,long-term outcomes,and management of graft steatosis(both de novo and recurrent)is discussed in this review.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatohepatitis De novo Recurrent Graft steatosis Fibrosis Survival

Synergistic control of sex hormones by 17β-HSD type 7: a novel target for estrogen-dependent breast cancer

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2015年第6期7卷 568-579页

作者： Xiaoqiang Wang catherine Gérard jean-Francois Thériault Donald Poirier Charles j.Doillon Sheng-Xiang Lin Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center(CHULCHU)and Laval UniversityQuébec CityQuebecG1V4G2Canada

17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(17β-HSD)type 1 is known as a critical target to block the final step of estrogen production in estrogen-dependent breast *** confirmation of the role of dyhydroxytestosterone(DHT)in counteracting estrogeninduced cell growth prompted us to study the reductive 17β-HSD type 7(17β-HSD7),which activates estrone while markedly *** role ofDHTin breast cancer cell proliferation isdemonstratedby its independent suppression of cell growthin the presence of a physiological concentration of estradiol(E2).Moreover,an integral analysis of a large number of clinical samples in Oncomine datasets demonstrated the overexpression of 17β-HSD7 in breast *** of 17β-HSD7 in breast cancer cells resulted in a lower level of E2 and a higher level of DHT,successively induced regulation of cyclinD1,p21,Bcl-2,and Bik,consequently arrested cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase,and triggered apoptosis and auto-downregulation feedback of the *** inhibition led to significant shrinkage of xenograft tumors with decreased cancer cell density and reduced 17β-HSD7 *** plasma E2 and elevated plasma DHT levels were also ***,the dual functional 17β-HSD7 is proposed as a novel target for estrogen-dependent breast cancer by regulating the balance of E2 *** aconceptual advance on the general belief that the major role of this enzyme is in cholesterol metabolism.

关键词： 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 breast cancer xenograft tumor steroid enzyme inhibition

Colonic perforation in Behet's syndrome

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第42期14卷 6578-6580页

作者： catherine M Dowling Arnold DK Hill Carmel Malone john j Sheehan Shona Tormey Kieran Sheahan Enda McDermott Niall j O’Higgins Department of Surgery St. Vincents University Hospital Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland Department of Radiology St. Vincent's University Hospital Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland Department of Pathology St. Vincent's University Hospital Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland

A 17-year-old gentleman was admitted to our hospital for headache, the differential diagnosis of which included Behcet＇s syndrome （BS）. He developed an acute abdomen and was found to have air under the diaphragm on erect chest X-ray. Subsequent laparotomy revealed multiple perforations throughout the colon. This report describes an unusual complication of Behcets syndrome occurring at the time of presentation and a review of the current literature of reported cases.

关键词： Colonic perforation Behcet's syndrome

Mobile technology for health care in rural China

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International journal of Nursing Sciences 2014年第3期1卷 323-324页

作者： Zhao Ni Bei Wu catherine Samples Ryan j.Shaw School of Nursing Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27710USA

With the proliferation of mobile technologies in China,the Chinese mobile medical applications market is growing *** may be particularly useful for Chinese rural populations who have limited access to quality medical care where mobile technologies can reach across geographic and socioeconomic boundaries and potentially increase access to care and improve health outcomes.

关键词： China Mobile health mHealth Rural

Moving beyond Wastewater:Perspectives on Environmental Surveillance of Infectious Diseases for Public Health Action in Low-Resource Settings

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Environment & Health 2024年第10期2卷 684-687页

作者： jeseth Delgado Vela Sarah E.Philo joe Brown Mami Taniuchi Molly Cantrell Alexandra Kossik Maya Ramaswamy Sitara SR Ajjampur Fatma Z.Guerfali Rochelle H.Holm john Scott Meschke Maria catherine B.Otero Amy j.Pickering Mahbubur Rahman Alexander G.Shaw Abhilasha Shrestha Kwanrawee Sirikanchana Vivi Maketa Tevuzula Rolf U.Halden Alexandria B.Boehm Kyle Bibby Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre DameSouth BendIndiana 46556United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90007USA Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina 27599United States Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia 22903United States Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch U.S.Centers for Disease ControlAtlantaGeorgia 30329United States The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004India Laboratory of Transmission Control and Immunobiology of Infections(LTCII)Institut Pasteur de TunisTunis-Belvédère 1002Tunisia UniversitéTunis El Manar Tunis 1002Tunisia Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute School of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKentucky 40202United States Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195United States College of Medicine University of the Philippines ManilaManila 2801Philippines Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research(IEDCR)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZU.K. Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of Illinois Chicago School of Public HealthChicagoIllinois 60612United States Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research InstituteBangkok 10210Thailand Department of Tropical Medicine University of KinshasaKinshasa/DR 63090201Congo School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Arizona State UniversityTempe

Although testing wastewater for public health surveillance has recently received significant attention in the United States,researchers and public health professionals have long realized the tremendous promise of environmental surveillance(ES),defined as tracking pathogens of interest in fecally contaminated surface waters,soil,or fomites,in low-resource settings for public health action.1,2 The power of ES in lowresource settings is most clearly illustrated with the over 30 years of well-established and standardized polio *** part of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative,the World Health Organization(WHO)has accredited 146 laboratories within the Global Polio Lab Network(GPLN).These facilities across 92 countries process over 8,000 wastewater or fecally contaminated surface water samples per year,in addition to over 220,000 stool samples annually.3 The data generated from the GPLN are closely linked to clear public health action related to targeted vaccination *** investment and adoption of ES for polio eradication efforts serves as a use-case for other targets of *** explore the current state of the field,the National Science Foundation-funded Research Coordination Network(RCN)on Wastewater Based Epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Public Health Threats held a workshop in December 2023 to discuss the opportunities and challenges for ES in low-resource settings(Figure 1).Discussions during the workshop highlighted knowledge gaps,best-practices,target selection,academic/government/private partnerships and overall public health action and sustainability of these programs.

关键词： wastewater Wastewater annually

Cannabis use history is associated with increased prevalence of ascites among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A nationwide analysis

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World journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 993-1003页

作者： catherine j Choi Stanley H Weiss Umair M Nasir Nikolaos T Pyrsopoulos Department of Medicine Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07101United States Department of Medicine Biostatistics and EpidemiologyRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States

BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed the endocannabinoid system as a potential therapeutic target in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Cannabis use is associated with reduced risk for NAFLD,we hypothesized that cannabis use would be associated with less liver-related clinical complications in patients with *** To assess the effects of cannabis use on liver-related clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with *** We performed a retrospective matched cohort study based on querying the 2014 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)for hospitalizations of adults with a diagnosis of *** NIS database is publicly available and the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United *** patients with cannabis use were selected as cases and those without cannabis were selected as ***-control matching at a ratio of one case to two controls was performed based on sex,age,race,and *** liver-related outcomes such as portal hypertension,ascites,varices and variceal bleeding,and cirrhosis were compared between the *** A total of 49911 weighed hospitalizations with a diagnosis of NAFLD were *** these,3820 cases were selected as the cannabis group,and 7625 noncannabis cases were matched as *** with cannabis use had a higher prevalence of ascites(4.5%vs 3.6%),with and without cannabis use,P=*** prevalence of portal hypertension(2.1%vs 2.2%),varices and variceal bleeding(1.3%vs 1.7%),and cirrhosis(3.7%vs 3.6%)was not different between the groups,with and without cannabis use,all P>***,race/ethnicity other than White,Black,Asian,Pacific Islander or Native American,and higher comorbidity score were independent risk factors for ascites in the cannabis *** non-cannabis users,obesity and hyperlipidemia were independent protective factors against ascites while older age,Native American and higher comorbidity index were independent risk factors for ***

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver Cannabis Marijuana use Liver diseases Hospitalization

The First Pilot Epigenetic Type Improvement of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in a Polymorphic Dopamine D2 (-DRD2/ANKK (Taq1A)), OPRM1 (A/G), DRD3 (C/T), and MAOA (4R) Compromised Preadolescence Male with Putative PANDAS/CANS: Positive Clinical Outcome with Precision-Guided DNA Testing and Pro-Dopamine Regulation (KB220) and Antibacterial Therapies

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Open journal of Immunology 2024年第3期14卷 60-86页

作者： Kenneth Blum Igor Elman David Han Colin Hanna David Baron Ashim Gupta Shan Kazmi jag Khalsa Debasis Bagchi Thomas McLaughlin Rajendra D. Badgaiyan Edward j. Modestino Drew Edwards catherine A. Dennen Eric R. Braverman Abdalla Bowirrat Keerthy Sunder Kevin Murphy Nicole jafari Foojan Zeine Paul R. Carney Mark S. Gold Kai-Uwe Lewandowski Alireza Sharafshah Aryeh R. Pollack Panayotis K. Thanos Division of Addiction Research & Education Center for Sports and Mental Health Western University of Health Sciences Pomona CA USA Department of Psychiatry Boonshoft School of Medicine Wright State University and Dayton VA Medical Centre Dayton OH USA Division of Nutrigenomics Victory Nutrition International Lederoch PA USA Institute of Psychology ELTE Etvs Lornd University Budapest Hungary Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine University of Vermont Burlington VT USA The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute LLC. Austin TX USA Department of Molecular Biology Adelson School of Medicine Ariel University Ariel Israel Division of Neuromodulation Research Karma Doctors & Karma TMS Palm Springs CA USA Division of Personalized Interventions Peak Logic Del Mar CA USA Division of Personalized Medicine Cross-Cultural Research & Educational Institute San Clemente CA USA Awareness Integration Institute San Clemente CA USA Division of Personalized Pain Therapy Center for Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona Tucson AZ USA Department of Psychiatry Harvard School of Medicine Cambridge MA USA Department of Management Science and Statistics University of Texas San Antonio TX USA Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory Clinical Research Institute on Addictions Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Future Biologics Lawrenceville GA USA Department of Microbiology Immunology & Tropic Diseases School of Medicine Georgetown University Washington DC USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Texas Southern University Houston TX USA Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Case Western University Cleveland OH USA Brain and Behavior Laboratory Curry College Milton MA USA The Neurogenesis Project Jacksonville FL USA Department of Family Medicine Jefferson Health Northeast Philadelphia PA USA Departmen

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with or without streptococcal and other bacterial infections (PANDAS/CANS) are emerging as a featured pediatric disorder. Although there is some controversy regarding treatment approaches, especially related to the behavioral sequelae, we have hypothesized in other published work that it is characterized by the rapid onset of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) in children. We propose utilizing a multi-systems biological approach involving the coupling of genetic addiction risk testing and pro-dopamine regulation (KB220/POLYGEN®) to help induce “dopamine homeostasis” in patients with PANDAS, especially those with known DNA-induced hypodopaminergia. This case study examines a 12-year-old Caucasian male with no prior psychiatric issues who presented with a sudden onset of severe anxiety, depression, emotional liability, and suicidal ideation. The patient underwent genotyping and the genetic addiction risk score (GARS) testing, which revealed risk polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 (-DRD2/ANKK (Taq1A), OPRM1 (A/G), DRD3 (C/T), and MAOA (4R) genes. These polymorphisms have been linked to hypodopaminergia. The patient was subsequently placed on research ID-KB220ZPBMPOLY (POLYGEN®), and albeit the possibility of bias, based upon self and parental assessment, a marked rapid improvement in psychiatric symptoms was observed. In the second phase of treatment (102 days utilizing KB220), the patient received standard antibody testing, which was positive for Lyme. Antibacterial therapy started immediately, and KB220z was discontinued to provide a wash-out period. A monotonic trend analysis was performed on each outcome measure, and a consistently decreasing trend was observed utilizing antibacterial therapy. Our recommendation, albeit only one case, is to utilize and further research a combined therapeutic approach, involving precision-guided DNA testing and pro-dopamine regulation along with antibacterial therapy, as well as

关键词： PANDAS CANS Genetic Addiction Risk Testing (GARS) Pro-Dopamine Regulation Hypodopaminergia Polymorphisms Antibacterial Therapy Infections

Vinyl chloride monomer production catalysed by gold: A review

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Chinese journal of Catalysis 2016年第10期37卷 1600-1607页

作者： catherine j.Davies Peter j.Miedziak Gemma L.Brett Graham j.Hutchings 卡迪夫大学

In this review we discuss the history of research into the use of gold for the acetylene hydrochlorin‐ation reaction, and describe the recent developments which have led to its commercialisation. We discuss the use of different precursors and the addition to gold of a secondary metal as methods which attempt to improve these catalysts, and consider the nature of the active gold species. The vast majority of poly vinyl chloride （PVC） produced globally still uses a mercuric chloride as a cata‐lyst, despite the environmental problems associated with it. Due to the agreement by the Chinese government to remove mercury usage in the PVC industry over the course of the next few years there is an obvious need to find a replacement catalyst;the potential use of gold for this process has been well known for several decades and to date gold seems to be the best candidate for this, pri‐marily due to its superior selectivity when compared to other metals.

关键词： Gold Acetylene Hydrochlorination Vinyl chloride monomer Poly vinyl chloride Catalysis