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Vigorous,but differential mononuclear cell response of cirrhotic patients to bacterial ligands

World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1317-1325页

作者： Varenka j Barbero-Becerra María Concepción Gutiérrez-ruiz Carmen Maldonado-Bernal Félix I Téllez-Avila Roberto Alfaro-Lara Florencia Vargas-Vorácková Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicasy Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular División de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosasy Parasitarias Hospital de Pediatría Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez

AIM： To study the role of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the pathogenesis of liver injury, specifically the activation of inflammatory mediators. METHODS： Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 out-patients were studied, 10 of them with cirrhosis,Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and exposed to lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid. CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression was determined by flow cytometry, and tumor necrosis factor （TNF） α, interleukin （1L）-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 secretion in su- pernatants was determined by ELISA. RESULTS： Higher CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression was observed in peripheral blood mononudear cells from cirrhotic patients, （P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.006, P 〈 0.111） respectively. Lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid induced a further increase in CD14 expression （P 〈 0.111 lipopolysaccharide, P 〈 0.013 lipoteichoic acid）, and a decrease in Toll-like receptor 2 （P 〈 0.008 lipopolysaccharide, P 〈 0.008 lipoteichoic acid） and Toll-like receptor 4 （P 〈 0.008 lipopolysaccharide, P 〈 0.028 li- poteichoic acid） expression. With the exception of TNFα, absolute cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was lower in cirrhotic patients under nonexposure conditions （P 〈 0.070 IL-6, P 〈 0.009 IL-1]5, P 〈 0.022 IL-12）. Once exposed to lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid, absolute cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was similar in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, determining a more vigorous response in the former （P 〈 0.005 TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2 and IL-10 lipopolysaccharide; P 〈 0.037 TNFα; P 〈 0.006 IL-113; P 〈 0.005 IL-6; P 〈 0.007 IL-12; P 〈 0.014 IL-10 lipoteichoic acid）. Response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was more intense after lipopolysaccharide than after lipoteichoic acid exposure. CONCLUSION： Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cirrhotic patients are able to respond to a sudden bacterial ligand exposure, particularly lipopolysaccharide, sugg

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Toll-like receptors Cytokines Lipopolysaccharide Lipoteichoic acid

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Characterization of two Achromobacter xylosoxidans isolates from patients with pertussis-like symptoms

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第6期8卷 465-468页

作者： Fiorella Orellana-Peralta Michelle jacinto Maria j.Pons Cláudia Gomes Carlos Bada Isabel Reyes juana del Valle Mendoza j.aquim ruiz Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud.Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas-LiPC LimaPeru ISGlobal Barcelona Ctr.Int.Health Res.(CRESIB)Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona Hospital de Emergencias Pediatricas.Lima Peru Instituto de Investigacion Nutrirional LimaPeru

Objective:To characterize two Achromobaeter xylosoxidans recovered from 2 patients diagnosed with pertussis during a Bordetella pertussis surveillance ***:Nasopharyngeal swabs from 2 children under 1 year of age with clinical suspicion of pertussis were analyzed by culture and ***:Two Achromobaeter xylosoxidans A8,closely related to Bordetella *** recovered from 2 patients diagnosed of pertussis,both carrying the ptxA gene and IS418 the pertussis toxin encoding ***,antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated by disk-diffusion method and by ***:Although more detailed studies are needed,the present data highlight the possibility that Achromobaeter *** related Bordetella pertussis microorganisms and not covered under the vaccine umbrella,might also result in cases of whooping *** further surveillance is necessary to determine the extension and relevance of their pathogenic role in order to discriminate their real public health implication.

关键词： Achromobacter xylosoxidans Bordetella pertussis

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Improved stability of a compact vacuum-free laser-plasma X-ray source

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 62-70页

作者： L.Martín j.Benlliure D.Cortina-Gil j.Penas C.ruiz IGFAE Universidade de Santiago de Compostela15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y Dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaPatio de Escuelas s/nSalamancaSpain

We report the development of a stable high-average power X-ray source generated by the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses(35 fs,1 mj,1 kHz)with a solid target in *** achieved source stability,which is essential for the applications foreseen for these laser-driven plasma accelerators,is due to the combination of precise positioning of the target on focus and the development of a fast rotating target system able to ensure the refreshment of the material at every shot while minimizing positioning errors with respect to the focal *** vacuum-free laser-plasma X-ray source provides an average dose rate of 1.5 Sv/h at 30 cm and a repeatability better than 93%during more than 36 min of continuous operation per target.

关键词： X-rays laser-plasma vacuum-free environment source stability

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Roles of Ubiquitination in the Control of Phosphate Starvation Responses in Plants

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第1期55卷 40-53页

作者： Mónica Rojas-Triana Regla Bustos Ana Espinosa-ruiz Salom Prat javier Paz-Ares Vicente Rubio The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Department of Plant Biology 2510 Sam Noble Parkway Ardmore CBGP (INIA-UPM) Departamento de Biotecnología Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria Campus de Montegancedo Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC) Darwin

Throughout evolution, plants have evolved sophisticated adaptive responses that allow them to grow with a limited supply of phos-phate, the preferential form in which the essential macronutrient phosphorus is absorbed by plants. Most of these responses are aimed to increase phosphate availability and acquisition through the roots, to optimize its usage in metabolic processes, and to protect plants from the deleterious effects of phosphate deficiency stress. Regulation of these adaptive responses requires fine percep- tion of the external and internal phosphate levels, and a complex signal transduction pathway that integrates information on the phosphate status at the whole-plant scale. The molecular mecha-nisms that participate in phosphate homeostasis include transcriptional control of gene expression, RNA silencing mediated by microRNAs, regulatory non-coding RNAs of miRNA activity, phosphate transporter trafficking, and post-translational modification of proteins, such as phosphorylation, sumoylation and ubiquitination. Such a varied regulatory repertoire reflects the complexity intrinsic to phosphate surveying and signaling pathways. Here, we describe these regulatory mechanisms, emphasizing the increasing importance of ubiquitination in the control of phosphate starvation responses.

关键词： Phosphate homeostasis phosphate signaling phosphate starvation post-translational control ubiquitin.

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Queens remate despite traumatic mating in stingless bees

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 81-92页

作者： jamille Costa VEIGA Gustavo Rodrigo Sanches ruiz Gislene Almeida CARVALHO-ZILSE Cristiano MENEZES Felipe Andres Leon CONTRERA Bee Biology and Ecology Lab Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal do ParaBelem66075-110 ParaBrazil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group Instituto Tecnologico Vale-Desenvolvimento SustentavelBelem66055-090 ParaBrazil Ecology and Zoology of Invertebrates Lab Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal do ParaBelem66075-110 ParaBrazil Bee Research Group Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaManaus69067-375 AmazonasBrazil Research and Development Embrapa Meio AmbienteJaguariuna13820-000 Sao PauloBrazil

Males can control female reproduction using genital plugs to impede access by *** social bees,ants,and wasps,plugging may involve traumatic mating,with females being *** stingless bees,chances are that plugs may promote ovarian activan,and are thought to ensure single mating—a general tendency among the social ***,understanding on relationships between mating plugs,traumatic mating,and mating systems in stingless bees remains *** address this,we(1)compared mated queens of 7 Neotropical species to understand the patterns of copulatory marks in females and(2)compared pre-and post-mating genitalia of males and females in Melipona fasciculata to depict plug functional *** revealed an unprecedented consequence of mating in stingless bees:the characteristic marks left by mating plugs on female abdomens and the inferences that can be made from *** our surprise,in 1 species *** we found that queens retain the plug long after mating,and may carry it for the rest of their *** the other 6 species retained the plug for only a short *** queens were only found in ***,whose multiple copulatory marks match previous findings of polyandry in this *** study shows that queens can remate,and suggests that male genital morphology may determine in part the time persistence of *** conclude that traumatic mating plugs do not fully prevent remating in stingless bees and that mating systems are not uniform in this ***,exceptional cases of facultative polyandry in social insects—for example,when mating plugs fail—may confirm a general tendency for single mating in close link with efficient mating plugs.

关键词： copulatory marks facultative polyandry genital morphology male harm sexual conflict

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Kinetics of carbothermic reduction of marmatite in presence of lime

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2020年第8期30卷 2265-2273页

作者： Rafael PADILLA juan Yamid CARVALLO María Cristina ruiz Metallurgical Engineering Department University of ConcepcionConcepcion 4070371Chile

The direct carbothermic reduction of marmatite in the presence of lime was studied by thermogravimetric method to determine the technical feasibility to produce Zn(g)without polluting with SO2(g).X-ray diffraction analysis of partially reacted samples indicated that the reduction occurred through the formation of ZnCaOS and Ca2Fe2O5 as intermediate products to yield Zn(g),and solid Fe and Ca S as the final *** had the major effect on the rate of *** conversion of marmatite was obtained at 1100℃in about 10 min using 300 mg samples with molar ratio of(Zn,Fe)S:CaO:C equal to 1:1:*** kinetics of the overall reduction reaction was analyzed by the model ln(1-X)=-kt,which represented the data well up to a fractional conversion of 0.95 in the temperature range of 1000-1150℃.The determined activation energy in this temperature range was 257 k j/*** results demonstrated the technical feasibility to produce Zn(g)by this method without producing noxious SO2(g)emissions.

关键词： kinetics marmatite high-iron sphalerite carbothermic reduction direct reduction ZnCaOS

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Mapping forest vegetation patterns in an Atlantic-Mediterranean transitional area by integration of ordination and geostatistical techniques

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journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 114-122页

作者： Adriana E.Olthoff Cristina Gómez josu G.Alday Carolina Martínez-ruiz Ecology Area Agroforestry Sciences DepartmentE.T.S.II.AA.University of ValladolidAvda.Madrid 5034071 PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Environment School of GeoscienceUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UEUK Department of Forest Systems and Resources CIFOR-INIACtra.de La Coruña km 7.528040 MadridSpain Department of Crop and Forest Sciences-AGROTECNIO Center University of Lleida25198 LleidaSpain Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid-INIAE.T.S.II.AA.Avda.Madrid 5034071 PalenciaSpain

Aims Forest vegetation variability may be explained by the complex inter-play among several spatial structuring factors,including climate and *** modelled the spatial variability of forest vegetation assemblages and significant environmental variables along a com-plex environmental gradient or coenocline to produce a detailed cartographic database portraying the distribution of forests along *** We combined an analysis of ordination coenoclines with kriging over 772 field data plots from the third Spanish National Forest Inventory in an Atlantic-Mediterranean transitional area(northern Spain).Important Findings The best fitted empirical semivariogram revealed a strong spatial structure of forest species composition along the complex envi-ronmental gradient considered(the climatic-topographic gradient from north to south).The steady and gradual increase of semivari-ance with a marked lag distance indicates a gradual turnover of forest assemblages according to the climatic-topographic vari-ations(regional or local).Two changes in the slope of the semi-variogram suggest the existence of two different scales of spatial *** interpolation map by Kriging of forest vegetation assemblages along the main coenocline shows a clear spatial dis-tribution pattern of trees and shrubs in accordance with the spa-tial variation of significant environmental *** concluded that the multivariate geostatistical approach is a suitable technique for spatial analysis of forest systems employing data from national forest inventories based on a regular network of field *** development of an assortment of maps describing changes in veg-etation assemblages and variation in environmental variables is expected to be a suitable tool for an integrated forest management and planning.

关键词： coenocline Kriging National Forest Inventory ordination variogram

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NADPH Thioredoxin Reductase C Is Involved in Redox Regulation of the Mg-Chelatase I Subunit in Arabidopsis thaliana Chloroplasts

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1252-1255页

作者： juan Manuel Pérez-ruiz Manuel Guinea Leonor Puerto-Galán Francisco javier Cejudo Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis Universidad de Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 41092-Sevilla Spain Umea Plant Science Centre Department of Plant Physiology Umea University S-901 87 Umea Sweden

Dear Editor, The synthesis of tetrapyrroles, including chlorophylls, is central for chloroplast function. The metabolic pathway of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in Arabidopsis is initiated with the formation of amino levulinic acid （ALA）, which is con- verted by a series of common reactions to protoporphy- tin IX （Proto IX）（Tanaka et al., 2011）. Then the pathway diverges into two branches： the synthesis of heme/bilin and chlorophylls. The insertion of Mg2＋ into Proto IX, cata- lyzed by Mg-chelatase, is the first committed reaction of the chlorophyll branch and is considered a key step for the regulation of the whole pathway. Mg-chelatase is a het- erotrimeric enzyme composed of subunits CHLI, CHLD, and CHLH, the reaction mechanism of which has been estab- lished. It is a two-step process consisting in the Mg-ATP- dependent activation of the enzyme, which implies the formation of a ternary complex of subunits CHLI and CHLD with ATP-Mg2＋, and Mg2＋ chelation, which is catalyzed by CHLH driven by ATP hydrolysis, CHLI providing ATPase activity to the complex （Tanaka et al., 2011）. In Arabidopsis, CHLH and CHLD are encoded by single genes, whereas two genes, CHLI-I and CHLI-2, encode the two isoforms of CHLI.

关键词： synthesis of tetrapyrroles chlorophylls Arabidopsis

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Avian sibling cannibalism: Hoopoe mothers regularly use their last hatched nestlings to feed older siblings

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Zoological Research 2022年第2期43卷 265-274页

作者： juan joseSoler Manuel Martin-Vivaldi Sona Nuhlickova Cristina ruiz-Castellano Monica Mazorra-Alonso Ester Martinez-Renau Manfred Eckenfellner jan Svetlik Herbert Hoi Departamento de Ecologia Funcional y Evolutiva Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas(EEZA-CSIC)Almeria E-04120Spain Unidad Asociada Coevolucion:Cucos Hospedadores y Bacterias SimbiontesUniversidad de GranadaGranada E-18003Spain Departamento de Zoologia Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de GranadaGranada E-18003Spain Department of Ecology Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius UniversityBratislava SK-84215Slovakia Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology Department of Interdisciplinary Life SciencesUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna A-1160Austria

Sibling cannibalism is relatively common in nature,but its evolution in birds and certain other vertebrates with extended parental care had been ***,however,we demonstrate its regular occurrence in two European populations of the Eurasian hoopoe(Upupa epops)and explore possible adaptive and non-adaptive *** showed that sibling cannibalism was more frequently detected in Spain(51.7%)than in Austria(5.9%).In these two populations,the hoopoes laid similar clutch sizes,resulting in similar fledging production,but hatching failures were more frequent in the northern ***,having more nestlings condemned to die in the southern population may explain the higher incidence of sibling *** accordance with this interpretation,hatching span and failure,but not breeding date,explained the probability of sibling cannibalism in the Spanish hoopoes,while all three variables predicted brood reduction ***,experimental food supply reduced the probability of sibling cannibalism,but not the intensity of brood ***,females allocated fewer resources to the smallest nestlings when they were going to starve,but not necessarily when they were going to be used as food for their *** results suggest that hoopoes produce extra eggs that,in the case of reduced hatching failure and food scarcity,produce nestlings that are used to feed older *** findings provide the first evidence that sibling cannibalism occurs regularly in a bird species,thus expanding our evolutionary understanding of clutch size,hatching asynchrony,parent-offspring conflict,infanticide,and sibling cannibalism in the animal kingdom.

关键词： Brood reduction Clutch size Hatching asynchrony Ice-box hypothesis Infanticide Siblicide Sibling hierarchy Upupa epops

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Application of formal languages in polynomial transformations of instances between NP-complete problems

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journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2013年第8期14卷 623-633页

作者： jorge A. ruiz-VANOYE joaquín PREZ-ORTEGA Rodolfo A. PAZOS RANGEL Ocotlán DíAZ-PARRA Héctor j. FRAIRE-HUACUjA juan FRAUSTO-SOLíS Gerardo REYES-SALGADO Laura CRUZ-REYES DACI Universidad Autónoma del Carmen Computer Science Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico Systems and Computer Science Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Madero Informatics Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos Computer Science Instituto Tecnológico de Cuautla

We propose the usage of formal languages for expressing instances of NP-complete problems for their application in polynomial transformations. The proposed approach, which consists of using formal language theory for polynomial transformations, is more robust, more practical, and faster to apply to real problems than the theory of polynomial transformations. In this paper we propose a methodology for transforming instances between NP-complete problems, which differs from Garey and johnson's. Unlike most transformations which are used for proving that a problem is NP-complete based on the NP-completeness of another problem, the proposed approach is intended for extrapolating some known characteristics, phenomena, or behaviors from a problem A to another problem B. This extrapolation could be useful for predicting the performance of an algorithm for solving B based on its known performance for problem A, or for taking an algorithm that solves A and adapting it to solve B.

关键词： Formal languages Polynomial transformations NP-completeness

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