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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger anne M.lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen l.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael j.Taravella Naresh Mandava jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Exploring the effects of dietary inulin in rainbow trout fed a high‑starch,100%plant‑based diet

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Raphaël Defaix jep lokesh laura Frohn Mickael le Bechec Thierry Pigot Vincent Veron anne Surget Sandra Biasutti Frederic Terrier Sandrine Skiba-Cassy jerome Roy Stephane Panserat Karine Ricaud Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and ***,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and *** tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture *** a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow *** assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding *** The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing *** were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with *** high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune ***,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary *** With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO wh

关键词： Aquaculture Fish nutrition Gut microbiota Immune markers Intermediary metabolism Inulin Prebiotic Rainbow trout Short-chain fatty acids

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Concomitant pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a patient with branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9200-9204页

作者： joanna K law Christopher l Wolfgang Matthew j Weiss anne Marie lennon Division of Gastroenterology Johns Hopkins Hospital

Branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(BD-IPMN) are pre-malignant pancreatic cystic lesions which carry a small risk of malignant transformation within the cyst. Guidelines exist with respect to surveillance of the cysts using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and/or endoscopic ultrasound(EUS). There are reports that patients with IPMNs are at increased risk of developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which arises in an area separate to the IPMNs. We present two cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma arising within the parenchyma, distinct from the IPMN-associated cyst, identified with EUS. This case report highlights that patients with BD-IPMN are at increased risk for pancreatic adenocarcinoma separate from the cyst and also the importance for endosonographers to carefully survey the rest of the pancreatic parenchyma separate from the cyst in order to identify small pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Endoscopic ultrasound Surveillance

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Source of inorganic N affects the cost of growth in a legume tree species(Virgilia divaricata)from the Mediterrean-type Fynbos ecosystem

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journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 752-761页

作者： Anathi Magadlela María A.Pérez-Fernández Aleysia Kleinert léanne l.Dreyer Alex j.Valentine Botany and Zoology Department University of StellenboschPrivate Bag X1Matieland 7602South Africa Deparment of Physical Chemical and Natural SystemsUniversidad Pablo de OlavideCarretera de Utrera Km 141013 SevilleSpain

Aims In Mediterranean-type ecosystem,the Cape Fynbos,legumes may be able to switch between soil N and atmospheric N_(2) sources during growth to adjust the carbon costs of N *** study investigated the utilization of different inorganic N sources by Virgilia divaricata,a native legume from the Mediterranean-type ecosystem of the Cape Floristic *** Plants were cultivated in sterile quartz sand,supplied with 25%strength long Ashton nutrient solution,modified to contain 500μM *** the phosphate level(500μM),plants were treated with 500μM NH_(4)NO_(3)(treatment named N),or grown in N-free nutrient solution and inoculated with effective Burkholderia sp.(Bact.)or treated with combined N sources(500μM NH_(4)NO_(3))and inoculated with effective Burkholderia sp.(N+Bact.).Important Findings The application of NH_(4)NO_(3) to the legumes resulted in a greater increase in plant dry *** construction costs were higher in plants that were supplied with mineral and symbiotic N *** photosynthetic rates per leaf area was maintained,irrespective of the N *** the plant roots were nodulated,the plant dependence on N_(2) fixation decreased with addition of *** and nodules of the plants solely reliant on N_(2) fixation showed an increase in glutamine *** results show that *** is highly adapted for growth at the forest *** and possibly anthropic soils by utilizing both atmospheric and soil N sources.

关键词： phosphate deficiency Virgilia divaricata N_(2)fixation mineral N C construction costs asparagine

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Folate and vitamin B12 in idiopathic male infertility

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Asian journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 856-861页

作者： laurel E Murphy james l Mills anne M Molloy Cong Qian Tonia C Carter Helena Strevens Dag Wide-Swensson Aleksander Giwercman Richard j levine Division of Epidemiology Statistics and Prevention Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Bethesda MD 20892 USA School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Glotech Inc Rockville MD 20850 USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sk~ne University Hospital in Lund Lund University S-221 85 Lund Sweden Reproductive Medicine Centre Skane University Hospital Maimo Lund University S-205 02 Malmo Sweden

Although methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, a folate enzyme gene, has been associated with idiopathic male infertility, few studies have examined other folate-related metabolites and genes. We investigated whether idiopathic male infertility is associated with variants in folate, vitamin B12 （B12） and total homocysteine （tHcy）-related genes and measured these metabolites in blood. We conducted a case-control study that included 153 men with idiopathic infertility and 184 fertile male controls recruited at the Fertility Center and Antenatal Care Center, University Hospital, Malmo and lund, Sweden. Serum folate, red cell folate （RCF）, serum B12, plasma tHcy and semen quality were measured. Subjects were genotyped for 20 common variants in 12 genes related to folate/B12/ homocysteine metabolism. Metabolite concentrations and genotype distributions were compared between cases and controls using linear and logistic regression with adjustment for covariates. The phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase （PEMT） M 175V and TCblR rs173665 polymorphisms were significantly associated with infertility （P=0.01 and P=0.009, respectively）, but not with semen quality. Among non-users of supplements, infertile men had lower serum folate concentrations than fertile men （12.89 vs. 14.73 nmoll^- 1 P=0.02）, but there were no significant differences in RCF, B 12 or tHcy. Folate, B 12 and tHcy concentrations were not correlated with any semen parameters. This study provides little support for low folate or B12 status in the pathogenesis of idiopathic male infertility. Although additional data are needed to confirm these initial findings, our results suggest that PEMTand TCbIR, genes involved in choline and B12 metabolism, merit further investigation in idiopathic male infertility.

关键词： folate idiopathic male infertility semen quality vitamin B12

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Identification of pests and assessment of their damage on Carapa procera and lophira lanceolata in Burkina Faso,West Africa

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journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 585-591页

作者： Baslayi Tindano Olivier Gnankine Amade Ouedraogo Mamadou Traore jφrgen Axelsen anne Mette lykke Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et AppliqueeUniversite de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie etde la Terre Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie VegetalesUniversite de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 OuagadougouBurkina Faso INERA Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles01 BP 476 Ouagadougou 01Burkina Faso Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. The present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of insect pests that attack Carapa procera seeds and lophira lanceolata fruits. The experiment was set up in western Burkina Faso and, for C. carapa, consisted of pests collected from seeds that had fallen to the ground and from stockpiled seeds. For l. lanceolata, pests were collected from fruits on the trees, and on the ground. The collected samples were sent to the laboratory to estimate the proportion of damaged seeds/fruits and rear the insects. The results showed that Ephestia spp., Tribolium castaneum, Oryzeaphilus spp., and Tenebroides mauritanicus were the pests of Carapa procera seeds and lophira lanceolata fruits. Ephestia spp. was recorded as the main pest of both C. proeera and l. lanceolata, whereas T. castaneum was only detected from seeds of l. lanceolata. For C. procera, the stocks were the most infested （29 %） by Ephestia spp. The infestation rate of fruits of l. lanceolata by Ephestia spp, on trees （31.42 ± 3.75 %） was less than the rate of fruits by T. castaneum on the ground （44.00 ± 3.5 %）. The different body sizes of Ephestia spp. may indicate the occurrence of two putative species, one from C. procera and another one from l. lanceolata. This work provides important information that could contribute to the setting up of a local-scale sustainable management framework for oil tree pests in Burkina Faso and surrounding countries.

关键词： Insect diversity Carapa procera lophiralanceolata Ephestia spp. Pest management

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Management and outcome of hepatocellular adenoma with massive bleeding at presentation

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4579-4586页

作者： anne j Klompenhouwer Robert A de Man Maarten Gj Thomeer jan NM Ijzermans Department of Surgery Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Radiology

To evaluate outcome of acute management and risk of rebleeding in patients with massive hemorrhage due to hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). METHODSThis retrospective cohort study included all consecutive patients who presented to our hospital with massive hemorrhage (grade II or III) due to ruptured HCA and were admitted for observation and/or intervention between 1999-2016. The diagnosis of HCA was based on radiological findings from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or pathological findings from biopsy or resection of the HCA. Hemorrhage was diagnosed based on findings from computed tomography or MRI. Medical records were reviewed for demographic features, clinical presentation, tumor features, initial and subsequent management, short- and long-term complications and patient and lesion follow-up. RESUlTSAll patients were female (n = 23). Treatment in the acute phase consisted of embolization (n = 9, 39.1%), conservative therapy (n = 13, 56.5%), and other intervention (n = 1, 4.3%). Median hemoglobin level decreased significantly more on days 0-3 in the intervention group than in the patients initially treated conservatively (0.9 mmol/l vs 2.4 mmol/l respectively, P = 0.006). In total, 4 patients suffered severe short-term complications, which included hypovolemic shock, acute liver failure and abscess formation. After a median follow-up of 36 mo, tumor regression in non-surgically treated patients occurred with a median reduction of 76 mm down to 25 mm. Four patients underwent secondary (elective) treatment (i.e., tumor resection) to address HCA size of > 5 cm and/or desire for future pregnancy. One case of rebleeding was documented (4.3%). None of the patients experienced long-term complication (mean follow-up time: 36 mo). CONClUSIONWith a 4.3% risk of rebleeding, secondary (elective) treatment of HCA after massive hemorrhage may only be considered in patients with persistent HCA > 5 cm.

关键词： Hepatocellular adenoma Management Bleeding Outcome Hemorrhage

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Pulmonary immunization:deposition site is of minor relevance for influenza vaccination but deep lung deposition is crucial for hepatitis B vaccination

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第6期9卷 1231-1240页

作者： jasmine Tomar Wouter FTonnis Harshad P.Patil anne H.de boer Paul Hagedoorn Rita Vanbever Henderik W.Frijlink Wouter l.j.Hinrichs Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of GroningenGroningen 9713 AVthe Netherlands Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Louvain Drug Research Institute(LDRI)Universite catholique de LouvainBrussels 1200Belgium

Vaccination via the pulmonary route could be an attractive alternative to parenteral *** towards the best site of antigen deposition within the lungs to induce optimal immune responses has conflicting results which might be dependent on the type of vaccine and/or its physical ***,in this study,we explored whether deep lung deposition is crucial for two different vaccines,i.e.,influenza and hepatitis B *** view of this,influenza subunit vaccine and hepatitis B surface antigen were labeled with a fluorescent dye and then *** data showed that after pulmonary administration to mice the powders were deposited in the trachea/central airways when a commercially available insufflator was used while deep lung deposition was achieved when an in-house built aerosol generator was *** studies revealed that comparable immune responses were induced upon trachea/central airways or deep lung targeting of dry influenza vaccine ***,for hepatitis B vaccine,no immune responses were induced by trachea/central airways deposition whereas they were considerable after deep lung ***,we conclude that deep lung targeting is not a critical parameter for the efficacy of pulmonary administered influenza vaccine whereas for hepatitis B vaccine it is.

关键词： Inhalation Powders Deep lung deposition Influenza Hepatitis B

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Does the McNeill Alexander model accurately predict maximum walking speed in novice and experienced race walkers？

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第3期7卷 372-377页

作者： Andrew j.Harrison Patrick G.Molloy laura-anne M.Furlong Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences University of LimerickCastletroyLimerick V94 T9PXIreland School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences Loughborough UniversityEpinalWayLoughboroughLeicestershire LEll 3TUUK

Background:Mathematical models propose leg length as a limiting factor in determining the maximum walking *** study evaluated the effectiveness of a leg length-based model in predicting maximum walking velocity in an applied race walking situation,by comparing experienced and novice race walkers during conditions where strictly no flight time(FT)was permitted and in simulated competition conditions(i.e.,FTl6 novice race walkers)were recruited for this *** Optojump Next system(8 m)was used to determine walking velocity,step frequency,step length,ground contact time,and FT during race walking over a range of *** were made between novice and experienced participants in predicted maximum velocity and actual velocities achieved with no flight and velocities with FTl effectiveness of the participants was assessed using the ratio of maximum velocity to predicted ***:In novices,no significant difference was found between predicted and maximum walking speeds without FT but there was a small 5.8%gain in maximum speed when FT≤40 *** experienced race walkers,there was a significant reduction in maximum walking speed compared with predicted maximum(plking speed with FTleg length was a good predictor of maximal walking velocity in novice walkers but not a good predictor of maximum walking speed in well-trained walkers who appear to have optimised their walking technique to make use of non-visible flight periods of less than 40 *** gain in velocity above predicted maximum may be a useful index of race walking proficiency.

关键词： Biomechanics Gait Mathematical modelling Race walking Sports technique Technique development

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Models and estimators linking individual-based and sample-based rarefaction, extrapolation and comparison of assemblages

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journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 3-21页

作者： Robert K.Colwell anne Chao Nicholas j.Gotelli Shang-Yi lin Chang Xuan Mao Robin l.Chazdon john T.longino Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Institute of Statistics National Tsing Hua UniversityHsin-Chu 30043Taiwan Department of Biology University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05405USA School of Statistics and Management Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China Department of Biology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Aims In ecology and conservation biology,the number of species counted in a biodiversity study is a key metric but is usually a biased underestimate of total species richness because many rare species are not ***,comparing species richness among sites or samples is a statistical challenge because the observed number of species is sensitive to the number of individuals counted or the area *** individual-based data,we treat a single,empirical sample of species abundances from an investigator-defined species assemblage or community as a reference point for two estimation objectives under two sampling models:estimating the expected number of species(and its unconditional variance)in a random sample of(i)a smaller number of individuals(multinomial model)or a smaller area sampled(Poisson model)and(ii)a larger number of individuals or a larger area *** sample-based incidence(presence–absence)data,under a Bernoulli product model,we treat a single set of species incidence frequencies as the reference point to estimate richness for smaller and larger numbers of sampling *** The first objective is a problem in interpolation that we address with classical rarefaction(multinomial model)and Coleman rarefaction(Poisson model)for individual-based data and with sample-based rarefaction(Bernoulli product model)for incidence *** second is a problem in extrapolation that we address with sampling-theoretic predictors for the number of species in a larger sample(multinomial model),a larger area(Poisson model)or a larger number of sampling units(Bernoulli product model),based on an estimate of asymptotic species *** published methods exist for many of these objectives,we bring them together here with some new estimators under a unified statistical and notational *** novel integration of mathematically distinct approaches allowed us to link interpolated(rarefaction)curves and extrapolated curves to plot a unified

关键词： Bernoulli product model Coleman curve multinomial model Poisson model random placement species–area relation

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