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Agriculture green development in China: insights and advances

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 5-19,I0005页

作者： jianbo shen Qichao ZHU Yong HOU Wen-Feng CONG Wen XU jiuliang XU Zhichao AN Xiaoqiang jIAO Kai ZHANG Tianxiang YU Lin MA Oene OENEMA William j.DAVIES Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen6700 AAthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLA14YQUK

Reconciling the tasks of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while preserving the environment and natural ecosystems simultaneously is an enormous challenge. The concept of agriculture green development(AGD) and the necessary governmental policies were developed to address the aforementioned challenge in China and to help achieve the related global sustainable development goals. Agriculture green development emphasizes the synergy between green and development;current agriculture has to transform from the intensive farming with high inputs, high environmental impacts and low resource-use efficiency to a more sustainable agriculture, in order to ensure an adequate supply of nutritious food while delivering environmental integrity, improved economic profitability,and social equity. A research program on AGD was established by China Agricultural University with four research themes, namely: green crop production, green integrated crop-animal production, green food and industry,and green ecological environment and ecosystem services, to provide a scientific basis for future developments and to facilitate the implementation of AGD in practice. AGD requires a multistakeholder approach, fueled by innovative and interdisciplinary research. joint actions have to be taken by governments, farmers, supply industries, consumers, educators, extension services and researchers to support AGD. This requires strong coordination and public awareness campaigns. This review presents the progress that has been made over the past 5 years and makes recommendations for more research and development, in order to better deliver agricultural green and sustainable development on national and international scales.

关键词： Agriculture ecosystem services environmental protection food security green development multi-sectoral cooperation sustainable development

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Winter extreme precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 42-51页

作者： Qing-Quan LI Miao BI Song YANG Qing-Yuan WU Yi-Hui DING Xin-Yong shen Xiao-Ting SUN Meng-Chu ZHAO China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy Chongqing Institute of Meteorological SciencesChongqing 401147China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)and the Arctic are the most sensitive regions to global climate ***,the interdecadal varibility of winter extreme precipitation over the TP and its linkage with Arctic sea ice are still *** this study,the characteristics and mechisnems of the TP extreme precipitation(TPEP)influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale are studied based on the daily precipitation,monthly sea ice concentration and ERA5 reanalysis data from 1980 to *** found that the dominant mode of the TPEP in winter mostly exhibits a uniform spatial variation on the interdecadal timescale,with an opposite weak variation in the southeastern TP,and the Arctic sea ice concentration(SIC)before 2002 are larger than that after *** interdecadal variation of TPEP is affected by two teleconnection wave trains regulated by the Barents and Kara Sea *** the light ice years,a remarkable positive geopotential height(HGT)anomaly appears over the Barents-Kara Sea and a remarkable negative HGT anomaly is located over the Lake *** wave trains originating over the Barents-Kara Sea can be *** southern branch forms a wave train through the North Atlantic along the subtropical westerly jet stream,showing a‘+-+-+'pattern of HGT anomalies from Arctic to the *** HGT anomaly controls the western TP,which creates dynamic and water vapor conditions for the *** northern branch forms a wave train through the Lake Baikal and the southeast of the TP,showing a‘+-+'HGT anomaly *** HGT anomaly controls the southeastern TP,which is not conducive to precipitation in the *** the SIC in the Barents-Kara Sea increases,the situation is *** above analysis also reveals the reason for the difference in the east-west distribution of the TPEP.

关键词： Arctic sea ice Tibetan Plateau Winter extreme precipitation Rossby wave activity Interdecadal variation

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Simulation of rice grain breakage process based on Tavares UFRj model

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 65-74页

作者： Shaohang shen Shouyu ji Dan Zhao Yanlong Han Hao Li Ze Sun Zhuozhuang Li Anqi Li Wenyu Feng jiaming Fei Fuguo jia Yang Li College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China College of Food Science Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China

Understanding the breakage characteristics of rice grains is an important means to reduce rice breakage rate. However, the dynamic breakage mechanism of rice grain is unclear due to the lack of a reasonable breakage model. In this study, the uniaxial compression test and drop weight test of single rice were carried out, the breakage model of rice grain was constructed, the reliability of rice model was verified by the experiment and simulation results. The results showed that the fracture energy distribution of rice can be obtained by uniaxial compression test, the specific fracture energy of rice accords with a lognormal distribution, and the median specific fracture energy of rice is 479.75 j/kg. The damage accumulation coefficient and fragment size distribution of rice can be acquired by drop test, the result of damage accumulation coefficient of rice was 4.3. Rice grain breakage mainly occurs in the milling section of the vertical circulation rice mill.

关键词： Rice breakage mechanism Discrete element method Parameter calibration

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Grain boundary engineering for enhancing intergranular damage resistance of ferritic/martensitic steel P92

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 186-199页

作者： Lei Peng Shang-Ming Chen jing-Yi Shi Yong-jie Sun Yi-Fei Liu Yin-Zhong shen Hong-Ya He Hui-juan Wang jie Tian State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Materials Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science333 Long Teng RoadShanghai 201620China Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Ferritic/martensitic(F/M)steel is widely used as a structural material in thermal and nuclear power ***,it is susceptible to intergranular damage,which is a critical issue,under service *** this study,to improve the resistance to intergranular damage of F/M steel,a thermomechanical process(TMP)was employed to achieve a grain boundary engineering(GBE)microstructure in F/M steel *** TMP,including cold-rolling thickness reduction of 6%,9%,and 12%,followed by austenitization at 1323 K for 40 min and tempering at 1053 K for 45 min,was applied to the as-received(AR)P92 *** prior austenite grain(PAG)size,prior austenite grain boundary character distribution(GBCD),and connectivity of prior austenite grain boundaries(PAGBs)were *** to the AR specimen,the PAG size did not change *** fraction of coincident site lattice boundaries(CSLBs,3≤Σ≤29)and Σ3^(n) boundaries along PAGBs decreased with increasing reduction ratio because the recrystallization fraction increased with increasing reduction *** PAGB connectivity of the 6%deformed specimen slightly deteriorated compared with that of the AR ***,potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the intergranular damage resistance of the studied steel could be improved by increasing the fraction of CSLBs along the PAGBs,indicating that the TMP,which involves low deformation,could enhance the intergranular damage resistance.

关键词： Grain boundary engineering Ferritic/martensitic steel Prior austenite grain boundary character distribution Grain boundary connectivity Intergranular damage resistance

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Ordered Bicontinuous Network Structures Regulated by Orientational Interactions in a Rod-Coil Block Copolymer

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 636-642,I0008页

作者： Xiao-Lin Lyu Shi-Chu Yang An-Qi Xiao Ping-Ping Hou Wei Zhang Hong-Bing Pan Zhi-Hao shen Xing-He Fan Qi-Feng Zhou Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies International(HongKong Macao and Taiwan)Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials TechnologiesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

The rich phase behavior of block copolymers(BCPs)has drawn great attention in recent ***,the double diamond(DD)phase is rarely obtained because of the competition between the minimization of interfacial energy and packing ***,a rod-coil BCP containing mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymer is designed to acquire ordered bicontinuous network *** reduction of internal energy originating from the orientational interaction among the rod blocks can compensate for the free energy penalty of packing frustration to stabilize the DD *** resulting BCP can also experience lamellae-to-DD and double gyroid-to-lamellae transitions by changing the annealing *** results make the rod-coil BCP an excellent candidate for the self-assembly of ordered network structures,demonstrating great potential in nanopatterning and metamaterials.

关键词： Block copolymer Rod-coil Ordered bicontinuous phase Double diamond Double gyroid

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如何规制强势平台“二选一”——不对称竞争下的平台排他策略研究

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系统工程理论与实践 2024年第2期44卷 428-443页

作者：滕文波沈璐东北财经大学工商管理学院大连116025 大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院大连116026

基于二维Hotelling模型,构建同时考虑平台与商家差异化的博弈模型,探讨强势平台排他策略选择的原因以及影响.研究表明:首先,强势平台存在两种排他动机,分别为“垄断驱动-排他”和“差异化驱动-排他”.强势平台较低的佣金、平台间较低的... 详细信息

基于二维Hotelling模型,构建同时考虑平台与商家差异化的博弈模型,探讨强势平台排他策略选择的原因以及影响.研究表明:首先,强势平台存在两种排他动机,分别为“垄断驱动-排他”和“差异化驱动-排他”.强势平台较低的佣金、平台间较低的横向差异化水平、较高的纵向差异化水平以及产品间较高的横向差异化水平均会强化“垄断驱动-排他”,弱化“差异化驱动-排他”.其次,对弱势平台而言,强势平台的“差异化驱动-排他”对其同样有利.弱势平台可以通过适当降低佣金、增加平台间的横向差异化程度、降低平台间的纵向差异化程度,来避免“垄断驱动-排他”的出现.最后,激烈的产品间竞争能够激励强势平台的“差异化驱动-排他”,降低产品间的竞争水平,进而提升商家收益.研究结论有助于厘清强势平台排他策略的驱动因素以及区分排他策略对各方的不同影响,对强势平台的监管和平台行业的反垄断具有重要意义.

关键词：平台市场排他策略不对称竞争反垄断

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Remote-controlled dexamethasone-duration on eye-surface with a micelle-magnetic nanoparticulate co-delivery system for dry eye disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3730-3745页

作者： Qinxiang Zheng Chaoxiang Ge Kexin Li Longxin Wang Xiaoyu Xia Xiao Liu Rashid Mehmood j.anliang shen Kaihui Nan Wei Chen Sen Lin National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325000China School of Chemical Engineering UNSW SydneyHigh StreetBuilding E10KensingtonNSW 2052Australia Adult Cancer Program Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyCorner Botany&High StreetsKensingtonNSW 2052Australia

Dexamethasone(DEX)is used to treat ocular surface ***,regulating DEX duration in tears while preventing its absorption into the anterior chamber is critical for balancing its therapy effects and the side *** this study,a novel magnetic nanoparticle(MNP)-micelle(MC)codelivery system(MMDS)was *** MC moiety in the MMDS served as the carrier for DEX and the MNP part endowed the MMDS with magnetic-responsive *** extend its residency,the MMDS was magnetically attracted by an external magnet after instilling,which acted as a precorneal drug-depot enabling a sustainable release of DEX in *** combination of magnet treatment,the topical instillation of MMDS@DEX significantly prolonged the DEX-retention in tears and increased the DEX-concentration in the cornea and conjunctiva,as well as concurrently reduced the DEX-level in the aqueous humor,when compared with the commercial DEX eye drop *** combination of MMDS@DEX and magnet treatment exerted significantly better therapeutic effects against DED with smaller side effects than conventional treatments including DEX suspension,commercial DEX eye drops,as well as the MMDS@DEX treatment *** present work provided a new method for the effective delivery of DEX to ocular surface tissues while reducing its side effects,which will be beneficial to the treatments of a wide range of ocular surface diseases.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle Micelle Dexamethasone Eye drop Bioavailability Dry eye disease Cornea Conjunctiva

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A wideband,high-resolution vector spectrum analyzer for integrated photonics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 760-771页

作者： Yi-Han Luo Baoqi Shi Wei Sun Ruiyang Chen Sanli Huang Zhongkai Wang jinbao Long Chen shen Zhichao Ye Hairun Guo junqiu Liu International Quantum Academy 518048 ShenzhenChina. shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology518055 ShenzhenChina. Department of Optics and Optical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China230026 HefeiChina. Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China230088 HefeiChina. Qaleido Photonics 518048 ShenzhenChina. Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University200444 ShanghaiChina

The analysis of optical spectra—emission or absorption—has been arguably the most powerful approach for discovering and understanding *** invention and development of many kinds of spectrometers have equipped us with versatile yet ultra-sensitive diagnostic tools for trace gas detection,isotope analysis,and resolving hyperfine structures of atoms and *** proliferating data and information,urgent and demanding requirements have been placed today on spectrum analysis with ever-increasing spectral bandwidth and frequency *** requirements are especially stringent for broadband laser sources that carry massive information and for dispersive devices used in information processing *** addition,spectrum analyzers are expected to probe the device’s phase response where extra information is *** we demonstrate a novel vector spectrum analyzer(VSA)that is capable of characterizing passive devices and active laser sources in one *** a dual-mode VSA can measure loss,phase response,and dispersion properties of passive *** also can coherently map a broadband laser spectrum into the RF *** VSA features a bandwidth of 55.1 THz(1260–1640 nm),a frequency resolution of 471 kHz,and a dynamic range of 56 ***,our fiber-based VSA is compact and *** requires neither high-speed modulators and photodetectors nor any active feedback ***,we employ our VSA for applications including characterization of integrated dispersive waveguides,mapping frequency comb spectra,and coherent light detection and ranging(LiDAR).Our VSA presents an innovative approach for device analysis and laser spectroscopy,and can play a critical role in future photonic systems and applications for sensing,communication,imaging,and quantum information processing.

关键词： spectrum resolution coherent

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Large-scale interplant exchange of macromolecules between soybean and dodder under nutrient stresses

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 116-125页

作者： jingxiong Zhang Shalan Li Wenxing Li Zerui Feng Shuhan Zhang Xijie Zheng Yuxing Xu Guojing shen Man Zhao Guoyan Cao Xuna Wu jianqiang Wu Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan and Center for Life Science School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Parasitic plants and their hosts communicate through haustorial *** deficiency is a common stress for plants,yet little is known about whether and how host plants and parasites communicate during adaptation to such nutrient *** this study,we used transcriptomics and proteomics to analyze how soybean(Glycine max)and its parasitizing dodder(Cuscuta australis)respond to nitrate and phosphate deficiency(-N and-P).After-N and-P treatment,the soybean and dodder plants exhibited substantial changes of transcriptome and proteome,although soybean plants showed very few transcriptional responses to-P and dodder did not show any transcriptional changes to either-N ***,large-scale interplant transport of mRNAs and proteins was *** the mobile mRNAs only comprised at most 0.2%of the transcriptomes,the foreign mobile proteins could reach 6.8%of the total proteins,suggesting that proteins may be the major forms of interplant ***,the interplant mobility of macromolecules was specifically affected by the nutrient regimes and the transport of these macromolecules was very likely independently *** study provides new insight into the communication between host plants and parasites under stress conditions.

关键词： Cuscuta Mobile molecules Nutrient deficiency Host plant-parasitic plant interaction Interplant transport Systemic signaling

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The proximity between hydroxyl and single atom determines the catalytic reactivity of Rh1/CeO_(2) single-atom catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 397-406页

作者： Danfeng Wu Shuyun Zhou Congcong Du juan Li jianyu Huang Hong-xia shen Abhaya K.Datye Shan jiang jeffrey T.Miller Sen Lin Haifeng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China College of Biology and Chemical Engineering Jiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314000China Department of Chemical&Biological Engineering University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 8731-0001USA Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907-2100USA Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Functional Materials Fujian Shanhai Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-earth Functional MaterialsLongyan 366300China

The local structure of the metal single-atom site is closely related to the catalytic activity of metal single-atom catalysts(SACs).However,constructing SACs with homogeneous metal active sites is a challenge due to the surface heterogeneity of the conventional ***,we prepared two Rh1/CeO_(2)SACs(0.5Rh1/r-CeO_(2)and 0.5Rh1/c-CeO_(2),respectively)using two shaped CeO_(2)(rod and cube)exposing different facets,i.e.,CeO_(2)(111)and CeO_(2)(100).In CO oxidation reaction,the T100 of 0.5Rh1/r-CeO_(2)SACs is 120°C,while the T100 of 0.5Rh1/c-CeO_(2)SACs is as high as 200°*** in-situ CO diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(CO-DRIFTS),we found that the proximity between OH group and Rh single atom on the plane surface plays an important role in the catalytic activity of Rh1/CeO_(2)SAC system in CO *** Rh single atom trapped at the CeO_(2)(111)crystal surface forms the Rh1(OH)adjacent species,which is not found on the CeO_(2)(100)crystal surface at room ***,during CO oxidation,the OH group far from Rh single atom on the 0.5Rh1/c-CeO_(2)disappears and forms Rh1(OH)adjacent species when the temperature is above 150°*** formation of Rh1(OH)adjacentCO intermediate in the reaction is pivotal for the excellent catalytic activity,which explains the difference in the catalytic activity of Rh single atoms on two different CeO_(2)*** formed Rh1(OH)adjacent-O-Ce structure exhibits good stability in the reducing atmosphere,maintaining the Rh atomic dispersion after CO oxidation even when pre-reduced at high temperature of 500°*** functional theory(DFT)calculations validate the unique activity and reaction path of the intermediate Rh1(OH)adjacentCO species *** work demonstrates that the proximity between metal single atom and hydroxyl can determine the formation of active intermediates to affect the catalytic performances in catalysis.

关键词： crystal plane Rh1/CeO_(2)single-atom catalyst proximity of Rh and hydroxyl coordination structure CO oxidation

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