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Kinetics study of the solvated electron decay in THF using laser-synchronised picosecond electron pulse

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2007年第1期18卷 10-15页

作者： vincent De WAELE Sébastien SORGUES Pascal PERNOT j.an-louis MARIGNIER Mehran MOSTAFAVI Laboratoire de Chimie Fhysique/ELYSE UMR CNRS/UPS 8000Bt.349Université Paris-Sud91405 OrsayFrance

Picosecond pulse radiolysis of neat tetrahydrofuran (THF) shows a fast decay of the solvated electron within *** decay of the solvated electron observed at 790nm is because of spur reaction.A numerical simulation using time dependent Smoluchowski equation containing a sink term with a distance dependent reaction rate is used to fit the pulse-probe data and shows that the geminate reaction can proceed at long distance in this low polar solvent.

关键词：溶剂化电子衰减四氢呋喃激光同步化皮秒电子脉冲

Exploration of functional health, mental well-being and cross-sex hormone use in a sample of Thai male-to-female transgendered persons （kathoeys）

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Asian journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 280-285,I0009,I0010页

作者： louis j Gooren Tanapong Sungkaew Erik j Giltay VU university medical center Amsterdam 1081 HV The Netherlands Androconsult Chiang Mai 50220 Thailand Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden 5000 AB The Netherlands

Transgender people sometimes use cross-sex hormones without medical supervision. The use of cross-sex hormones, as well as the functional health and mental well-being, among male-to-female transgendered people （＇kathoeys＇） in Chiang Mai, Thailand, was studied. Sixty kathoeys were interviewed regarding their use of cross-sex hormones and their familyrelationships. Individuals also completed the Life Orientation Test Revised （LOT-R） to assess dispositional optimism, the Social Functioning Questionnaire （SFQ） and the Short Form Health Survey 36 （SF-36）. Three categories were established as follows： those who never cross-dress, those who sometimes cross-dress and those who always cross-dress in public. Of the 60 subjects, 44 had used hormones for prolonged periods （9.7＋6.1 years）. Their use was related to the permanence of cross-dressing but unrelated to functional health and mental well-being. Fifty percent of subjects had overdosed on commonly used oral contraceptives. Three people used injectable oestrogen in a higher-than-recommended dose. Self-acceptance was high or reasonably good （83%） compared to no acceptance （17%）, and neither was related to the permanence of cross-dressing. Their acceptance by parents and siblings was also relatively high （85% and 89%, respectively）. The permanence of cross-dressing had no effect on the scores of optimism, SF-36 scores and social functioning. Acceptance by oneself or one＇s parents did not seem to affect most aspects of functional health and mental well-being, but non-acceptance by siblings generated lower scores on the social functioning and general mental health subscales. Stressors tended to include physical rather than social factors. In conclusion, the unsupervised use of cross-sex hormones was common among kathoeys, and 50% of the sample had overdosed on them. Acceptance was relatively good, except by siblings. New strategies are needed for a more responsible use of cross-sex hormones.

关键词： cross-sex hormones functional health kathoeys optimism transgender well-being

A unified electrical model based on experimental data to describe electrical transport in carbon nanotube-based materials

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Nano Research 2020年第6期13卷 1764-1779页

作者： Yoann Dini jérôme Faure-vincent j.an Dijon Univ.Grenoble-Alpes CEALITENDTNMF-38000GrenobleFrance Univ.Grenoble-Alpes CEACNRSIRIGSyMMESF-38000GrenobleFrance

Understanding the electrical transport in carbon nanotube(CNT)materials is one key to reach very high electrical *** CNT material resistivity(ρ(T))as function of the temperature are fully apprehended by their reduced activation W(T)=dln(ρ)/dln(T)*** to now,no model accurately fits W(T)curves,thus preventing from precisely describing the CNT material electrical *** present a new electrical transport model that perfectly fits all W(T)curves found in the literature and in our own *** material resistivities are modeled byρ(T)=ρ0(T^−α+M(1+βTγT^2)).Our model has few enough parameters(α,M,β,γ)to relate them to the CNT *** 70 K,we experimentally show that CNT material resistivity follows the Luttinger Liquid theory justifying the T^−αterm in our *** 70 K,the polynomial part becomes dominant and depends on the two different CNT fabrication techniques which lead to two very different yarn *** yarns made from floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition CNTs,the polynomial is explained by the percolation of metallic CNT ***,the polynomial of yarns spun from CNT arrays is explained by the electrical transport in CNT bundles which are the basic building blocks of this type of yarns.

关键词： carbon nanotube carbon-based materials electrical conductivity electrical transport model Luttinger Liquid

Breaking the biotrophic interfacial complex:How genome editing can lead to rice blast resistance

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Molecular Plant 2023年第8期16卷 1243-1245页

作者： vincent Were Nicholas j.Talbot The Sainsbury Laboratory University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHUK

Genome editing is a transformational technology—by precisely altering the coding or regulatory sequence of a specific gene,it is now possible to change specific traits within a wide variety of *** a consequence,plant breeding can be taken to a new level of precision,and many countries are moving rapidly to adopt new legislation to permit genome editing(Greenwood et al.,2023).However,genome editing has so far seldom been used to develop disease-resistant *** is because plant immunity often depends on single dominant resistance genes,which encode immune receptors that recognize secreted effectors deployed by plant pathogens(jones and Dangl,2006).In this context,genetic modification has proven to be a much more powerful technology so far to introduce these genes from distinct varieties,or even different species,to develop disease resistant crop species(Greenwood et al.,2023),especially when multiple disease-resistance loci can be introduced together to provide more durable resistance(Luo et al.,2021).Genome editing can be used in an innovative way to resurrect previously effective resistance genes(Contreras et al.,2023),but it has been less effective at introducing new forms of disease resistance to crops.

关键词： breeding resistance editing

One and the same androgen for all?towards designer androgens

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Asian journal of Andrology 1999年第1期1卷 21-28页

作者： louis j G Gooren Nhu Thanh Nguyen Division of Andrology Department of Endocrinology Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology Binh Dan Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

The introduction of designer oestrogens as a treatment modality in hormone replacement in women has invited toconsider the concept of compounds with selective androgenic effects for male hormone replacement therapy. The fullspectrum of the actions of testosterone may not be necessary of even undesired for certain indications for testosteronetreatment. To define for what indications certain androgenic properties are desired and undesired more insight in basicandrogen (patho)physiology is required. There is convincing evidence that aromatization of androgenic compounds tooestrogens might be an advantage for maintenance of bone mass and it might also mitigate negative effects of androgenson biochemical parameters of cardiovascular risks; the potentially negative effects of oestrogens on prostate pathology inageing men needs further elucidation. While the role of dihydro-testosterone (DHT) for the male sexual differentiationand for pubertal sexual maturation is evident, its role in mature and ageing males seems less significant or may even beharmful. It is, however, of note that a negative effect of DHT on prostate pathophysiology is certainly not *** male contraception a progestational agent with strong androgenic properties might be an asset. For most of theandrogenic actions the critical levels of androgens are not well established. The latter is relevant since the large amountof androgen molecules required for its biological actions (as compared to oestrogens)is an impediment in androgenreplacement modalities. There may be room for more biopotent androgens since delivery of large amounts of androgenmolecules to the circulation poses problems for treatment modalities.

关键词： androgens synthetic androgens designer drugs

Sleep disturbances and predictors of nondeployability among active-duty army soldiers: an odds ratio analysis of medical healthcare data from fiscal year 2018

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Military Medical Research 2020年第3期7卷 335-342页

作者： jaime K.Devine jacob Collen jake j.Choynowski vincent Capaldi Institutes for Behavior Resources Operational Fatigue and Performance2104 Maryland AveBaltimoreMD 21218USA Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMD 20889USA Behavioral Biology Branch Center for Military Psychiatry and NeuroscienceWalter Reed Army Institute of ResearchSilver SpringMD 20910USA

Background:The impact of sleep disorders on active-duty soldiers’medical readiness is not currently *** data generated at military treatment facilities can be accessed to create research reports and thus can be used to estimate the prevalence of sleep disturbances and the role of sleep on overall health in service *** current study aimed to quantify sleep-related health issues and their impact on health and nondeployability through the analysis of *** healthcare records from fiscal year 2018(FY2018).Methods:Medical diagnosis information and deployability profiles(e-Profiles)were queried for all active-duty *** patients with a concurrent sleep disorder diagnosis receiving medical care within *** was predicted from medical reasons for having an e-Profile(categorized as sleep,behavioral health,musculoskeletal,cardiometabolic,injury,or accident)using binomial logistic *** e-Profiles were investigated as a moderator between other e-Profile categories and ***:Out of 582,031 soldiers,48.4%(n=281,738)had a sleep-related diagnosis in their healthcare records,9.7%(n=56,247)of soldiers had e-Profiles,and 1.9%(n=10,885)had a sleep *** with sleep e-Profiles were more likely to have had a motor vehicle accident(p OR(prevalence odds ratio)=4.7,95%CI 2.63–8.39,P≤0.001)or work/duty-related injury(p OR=1.6,95%CI 1.32–1.94,P≤0.001).The likelihood of nondeployability was greater in soldiers with a sleep e-Profile and a musculoskeletal e-Profile(p OR=4.25,95%CI 3.75–4.81,P≤0.001)or work/dutyrelated injury(p OR=2.62,95%CI 1.63–4.21,P≤0.001).Conclusion:Nearly half of soldiers had a sleep disorder or sleep-related medical diagnosis in 2018,but their sleep problems are largely not profiled as limitations to medical *** issues and physical injury predict nondeployability,and nondeployability is more likely to occur in soldiers who have sleep e-Profiles in addition t

关键词： Medical readiness Behavioral sleep medicine Deployability Healthcare records Military Big data Data mining

Textures and melt-crystal-gas interactions in granites

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第5期6卷 635-663页

作者： j.an-louis Vigneresse GeoRessources UMR 7339Universite de Lorraine

Felsic intrusions present ubiquitous *** result from the differential interactions between the magma components(crystal,melt,gas phase) while it flows or when the flow is perturbed by a new magma *** most obvious structure consists in fabrics caused by the interactions of rotating grains in a flowing viscous *** magma inputs through dikes affect the buk massif flow,considered as global within each mineral facies.A review of the deformation and flow types developing in a magma chamber identifis the patterns that could be *** determines their controlling parameters and summarizes the tools for their ***,a brief review of the theology of a complex multiphase magma identifies and suggests interactions between the different *** specific responses each component presents lead to instability *** particular,the change in vorticity orientation,associated with the switch between monoclinic to triclinic flow is a cause of many *** are preferentially *** include fabric development,shear zones and flow *** depend of the underlying rheology of interacting ***,enclaves,schlieren and ladder dikes result from the interactions between the magma components and changing boundary ***,pegmatites,unidirectional solidification textures and miarolitic cavities result from the interaction of the melt with a gaseous *** illustrations examine what is relevant to the bulk flow,local structures or boundary *** each case a field observation illustrates the *** discussion reformulates instability observations,suggesting new trails for ther description and interpretation in terms of local departure to a bulk flow.A brief look at larger structures and at their evolution tries to relate these instabilities on a broader *** helical structures of the Ricany pluton,Czech Republic and by the multiple granitic intrusions of Dolbe

关键词： Granitic magma Instabilities Triclinic flow Struct

Addressing ore formation and exploration

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1613-1622页

作者： j.an-louis Vigneresse GéoRessources UMR 7339Université de Lorraine

Common base and noble metals represent an important economic factor in the actual industrial *** instance the world resources for copper are actually estimated for about the next 30 years *** situation requires rethinking the way major ore deposits form,leading to new guides for *** present paper briefly examines the processes leading to ore formation,in relation with granitic or granodioritic *** identifies the importance of metal enrichment during the magmatic *** the magma chamber that forms porphyry intrusions,metals may incorporate to first formed crystals,becoming inert;concentrate into the residual melt of a mush;or segregate by diffusion into the exsolved magmatic volatile phase(MVP)into which they are transported and precipitated.A competition results between elements partitioning and ***,a specific Peclet number for each metal(Cu,Au,Ag,Mo,W,Sn,and REE)controls the ratio between the diffusive and the advective *** diffusivity in the melt shows differential behavior relative to a threshold of about10 13 m2/*** with slower diffusivity values(***)will not ***,fast diffusive metals(Au,Ag,Cu)may rapidly incorporate the MVP,provided an adequate component(halogens or S)is attractive for *** chemistry of the MVP escaping the magma induces different alteration *** relative content in F,Cl or S,attested by the composition of biotites and apatites,links with the preferential content of metals in o re deposits,representing a valuable tool for *** the model is replaced in a set of coupled mechanical-chemical instabilities,within a three phase material.

关键词： Porphyry ore deposits Metals concentration processes Exploration Alteration pattern

Cropping leads to loss of soil organic matter: How can we prevent it?

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 8-10页

作者： vincent CHAPLOT Pete SMITH Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD) Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du ClimatExpérimentations et Approches NumériquesUMR 7159IRD-CNRS-UPMC-MNHNCedex 05Paris 75252France Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UUUK

Soil organic matter(SOM),which associates carbon(C)to key plant nutrients,has been stored in soil for thousands of *** have long recognised its positive impact on key environmental functions such as food production and climate *** soon as a virgin land(forest or grassland)is cultivated,there is a tendency for the soil to lose its SOM,and we still largely misunderstand the underlying mechanisms,leading to inappropriate decisions being taken to fight soil,climate,and overall ecosystem degradation.

关键词： soil grassland forest