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Mixed-species aggregations in arthropods

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 2-19页

作者： julien Boulay Cindy Aubernon Graeme D.Ruxton Valery Hedouin j.an-louis deneubourg Damien Charabidze CHU Lille Universite Lille 2EA 7367-UTML-Unite de Taphonomie Medico-LegaleLilleFrance School of Biology University of St. AndrewsDyers Brae HouseSt.AndrewsFifeUK Unit of Social Ecology-CP 231 Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Campus de la PlaineBoulevard du TriompheBrusselsBelgium

This review offers the first synthesis of the research on mixed-species groupings of arthropods and highlights the behavioral and evolutionary questions raised by such ***-species groups are commonly found in mammals and *** groups are also observed in a large range of arthropod taxa independent of their level of sociality. Several examples are presented to highlight the mechanisms underlying such groupings, particularly the evidence for phylogenetie proximity between members that promotes cross-species *** advantages offered by such aggregates are described and *** advantages can be attributed to the increase in group size and could be identical to those of nonmixed groupings,but competition-cooperation dynamics might also be involved,and such effects may differ between homo-and heterospecific *** discuss three extreme cases of interspecific recognition that are likely involved in mixed-species groups as vectors for cross-species aggregation:tolerance behavior between two social species,one-way mechanism in which one species is attractive to others and two-way mechanism of mutual *** shown in this review,the study of mixed-species groups offers biologists an interesting way to explore the frontiers of cooperation-competition, including the process of sympatric speciation.

关键词： collective behavior complex system cross-species recognition self-organization sociality

Hierarchical networks of food exchange in the black garden ant Lasius niger

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 825-838页

作者： Martin Quque Olivier Bles Annaelle Benard Amelie Heraud Bastien Meunier Frangois Criscuolo j.an-louis deneubourg Cedric Sueur CA/RS IPHCUniversite de StrasbourgStrasbourgUMR718France Centre for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems(Cenoli)-CP 231 Universite libre de Bruxelles(ULB)BruxellesBelgium Universite de Bourgogne Franche-Comte DijonFrance Universite de Rennes 1 RennesFrance Institut Universitaire de France ParisFrance

In most eusocial insects,the division of labor results in relatively few individuals foraging for the entire ***,the survival of the colony depends on its efficiency in meeting the nutritional needs of all its ***,we characterize the network topology of a eusocial insect to understand the role and centrality of each caste in this network during the process of food *** constructed trophallaxis networks from 34 food-exchange experiments in black garden ants(Lasius niger).We tested the influence of brood and colony size on(i)global indices at the network level(i.e.,efficiency,resilience,centralization,and modularity)and(ii)individual values(i.e.,degree,strength,betweenness,and the clustering coefficient).Network resilience,the ratio between global efficiency and centralization,was stable with colony size but increased in the presence of broods,presumably in response to the nutritional needs of *** metrics highlighted the major role of foragers in food *** addition,a hierarchical clustering analysis suggested that some domestics acted as intermediaries between foragers and other *** appeared to be hierarchical rather than random or centralized exclusively around ***,our results suggested that networks emerging from social insect interactions can improve group performance and thus colony fitness.

关键词： insects network evolution self-organization social evolution social network analyses

Should cross-sex hormone treatment of transsexual subjects vary with ethnic group？

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Asian journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 809-810页

作者： louis j Gooren Department of Endocrinology VU University MedicalCenter Amsterdam the Netherlands Androconsult ChiangMai Thailand

Guidelines for cross-sex hormone treatment of transsexual people have been developed, but no attention has been paid to the specifics of ethnic groups. South East （SE） Asian male-to-female （MtoF） transsexual people may be able to transition to the female sex with lower doses of estrogens/progestins than Caucasians thus reducing health risks. Female-to-male （FtoM） may virilize less profoundly with standard doses of androgens, but this is probably sufficient to pass acceptably as men in view of the less pronounced sex differences in physique in Asians compared with Caucasians. It is timely that studies in Asians are conducted to get a better insight into their specific needs and risks of cross-sex hormone treatment.

关键词： @@

Exploration of functional health, mental well-being and cross-sex hormone use in a sample of Thai male-to-female transgendered persons （kathoeys）

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Asian journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 280-285,I0009,I0010页

作者： louis j Gooren Tanapong Sungkaew Erik j Giltay VU university medical center Amsterdam 1081 HV The Netherlands Androconsult Chiang Mai 50220 Thailand Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden 5000 AB The Netherlands

Transgender people sometimes use cross-sex hormones without medical supervision. The use of cross-sex hormones, as well as the functional health and mental well-being, among male-to-female transgendered people （＇kathoeys＇） in Chiang Mai, Thailand, was studied. Sixty kathoeys were interviewed regarding their use of cross-sex hormones and their familyrelationships. Individuals also completed the Life Orientation Test Revised （LOT-R） to assess dispositional optimism, the Social Functioning Questionnaire （SFQ） and the Short Form Health Survey 36 （SF-36）. Three categories were established as follows： those who never cross-dress, those who sometimes cross-dress and those who always cross-dress in public. Of the 60 subjects, 44 had used hormones for prolonged periods （9.7＋6.1 years）. Their use was related to the permanence of cross-dressing but unrelated to functional health and mental well-being. Fifty percent of subjects had overdosed on commonly used oral contraceptives. Three people used injectable oestrogen in a higher-than-recommended dose. Self-acceptance was high or reasonably good （83%） compared to no acceptance （17%）, and neither was related to the permanence of cross-dressing. Their acceptance by parents and siblings was also relatively high （85% and 89%, respectively）. The permanence of cross-dressing had no effect on the scores of optimism, SF-36 scores and social functioning. Acceptance by oneself or one＇s parents did not seem to affect most aspects of functional health and mental well-being, but non-acceptance by siblings generated lower scores on the social functioning and general mental health subscales. Stressors tended to include physical rather than social factors. In conclusion, the unsupervised use of cross-sex hormones was common among kathoeys, and 50% of the sample had overdosed on them. Acceptance was relatively good, except by siblings. New strategies are needed for a more responsible use of cross-sex hormones.

关键词： cross-sex hormones functional health kathoeys optimism transgender well-being

One and the same androgen for all?towards designer androgens

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Asian journal of Andrology 1999年第1期1卷 21-28页

作者： louis j G Gooren Nhu Thanh Nguyen Division of Andrology Department of Endocrinology Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology Binh Dan Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

The introduction of designer oestrogens as a treatment modality in hormone replacement in women has invited toconsider the concept of compounds with selective androgenic effects for male hormone replacement therapy. The fullspectrum of the actions of testosterone may not be necessary of even undesired for certain indications for testosteronetreatment. To define for what indications certain androgenic properties are desired and undesired more insight in basicandrogen (patho)physiology is required. There is convincing evidence that aromatization of androgenic compounds tooestrogens might be an advantage for maintenance of bone mass and it might also mitigate negative effects of androgenson biochemical parameters of cardiovascular risks; the potentially negative effects of oestrogens on prostate pathology inageing men needs further elucidation. While the role of dihydro-testosterone (DHT) for the male sexual differentiationand for pubertal sexual maturation is evident, its role in mature and ageing males seems less significant or may even beharmful. It is, however, of note that a negative effect of DHT on prostate pathophysiology is certainly not *** male contraception a progestational agent with strong androgenic properties might be an asset. For most of theandrogenic actions the critical levels of androgens are not well established. The latter is relevant since the large amountof androgen molecules required for its biological actions (as compared to oestrogens)is an impediment in androgenreplacement modalities. There may be room for more biopotent androgens since delivery of large amounts of androgenmolecules to the circulation poses problems for treatment modalities.

关键词： androgens synthetic androgens designer drugs

Textures and melt-crystal-gas interactions in granites

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第5期6卷 635-663页

作者： j.an-louis Vigneresse GeoRessources UMR 7339Universite de Lorraine

Felsic intrusions present ubiquitous *** result from the differential interactions between the magma components(crystal,melt,gas phase) while it flows or when the flow is perturbed by a new magma *** most obvious structure consists in fabrics caused by the interactions of rotating grains in a flowing viscous *** magma inputs through dikes affect the buk massif flow,considered as global within each mineral facies.A review of the deformation and flow types developing in a magma chamber identifis the patterns that could be *** determines their controlling parameters and summarizes the tools for their ***,a brief review of the theology of a complex multiphase magma identifies and suggests interactions between the different *** specific responses each component presents lead to instability *** particular,the change in vorticity orientation,associated with the switch between monoclinic to triclinic flow is a cause of many *** are preferentially *** include fabric development,shear zones and flow *** depend of the underlying rheology of interacting ***,enclaves,schlieren and ladder dikes result from the interactions between the magma components and changing boundary ***,pegmatites,unidirectional solidification textures and miarolitic cavities result from the interaction of the melt with a gaseous *** illustrations examine what is relevant to the bulk flow,local structures or boundary *** each case a field observation illustrates the *** discussion reformulates instability observations,suggesting new trails for ther description and interpretation in terms of local departure to a bulk flow.A brief look at larger structures and at their evolution tries to relate these instabilities on a broader *** helical structures of the Ricany pluton,Czech Republic and by the multiple granitic intrusions of Dolbe

关键词： Granitic magma Instabilities Triclinic flow Struct

Addressing ore formation and exploration

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1613-1622页

作者： j.an-louis Vigneresse GéoRessources UMR 7339Université de Lorraine

Common base and noble metals represent an important economic factor in the actual industrial *** instance the world resources for copper are actually estimated for about the next 30 years *** situation requires rethinking the way major ore deposits form,leading to new guides for *** present paper briefly examines the processes leading to ore formation,in relation with granitic or granodioritic *** identifies the importance of metal enrichment during the magmatic *** the magma chamber that forms porphyry intrusions,metals may incorporate to first formed crystals,becoming inert;concentrate into the residual melt of a mush;or segregate by diffusion into the exsolved magmatic volatile phase(MVP)into which they are transported and precipitated.A competition results between elements partitioning and ***,a specific Peclet number for each metal(Cu,Au,Ag,Mo,W,Sn,and REE)controls the ratio between the diffusive and the advective *** diffusivity in the melt shows differential behavior relative to a threshold of about10 13 m2/*** with slower diffusivity values(***)will not ***,fast diffusive metals(Au,Ag,Cu)may rapidly incorporate the MVP,provided an adequate component(halogens or S)is attractive for *** chemistry of the MVP escaping the magma induces different alteration *** relative content in F,Cl or S,attested by the composition of biotites and apatites,links with the preferential content of metals in o re deposits,representing a valuable tool for *** the model is replaced in a set of coupled mechanical-chemical instabilities,within a three phase material.

关键词： Porphyry ore deposits Metals concentration processes Exploration Alteration pattern

Histogram Matched Chest X-Rays Based Tuberculosis Detection Using CNN

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 81-97页

作者： joe louis Paul Ignatius Sasirekha Selvakumar Kavin Gabriel joe louis Paul Aadhithya B.Kailash S.Keertivaas S.A.j.Akarvin Raja Prajan Department of Information Technology Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of EngineeringRajiv Gandhi Salai(OMR)KalavakkamChennai603110Tamil NaduIndia Gullas College of Medicine-University of Visayas BaniladMandaue City6014CebuPhilippines

Tuberculosis(TB)is a severe infection that mostly affects the lungs and kills millions of people’s lives every *** can be diagnosed using chest X-rays(CXR)and data-driven deep learning(DL)*** of its better automated feature extraction capability,convolutional neural net-works(CNNs)trained on natural images are particularly effective in image cate-gorization.A combination of 3001 normal and 3001 TB CXR images was gathered for this study from different accessible public *** different deep CNNs(Resnet50,Resnet101,Resnet152,InceptionV3,VGG16,VGG19,DenseNet121,DenseNet169,DenseNet201,MobileNet)are trained and tested for identifying TB and normal *** study presents a deep CNN approach based on histogram matched CXR images that does not require object segmenta-tion of interest,and this coupled methodology of histogram matching with the CXRs improves the accuracy and detection performance of CNN models for TB ***,this research contains two separate experiments that used CXR images with and without histogram matching to classify TB and non-TB CXRs using deep *** was able to accurately detect TB from CXR images using pre-processing,data augmentation,and deep CNN *** histogram matching the best accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,precision and F1-score in the detection of TB using CXR images among ten models are 99.25%,99.48%,99.52%,99.48%and 99.22%*** histogram matching the best accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,precision and F1-score are 99.58%,99.82%,99.67%,99.65%and 99.56%*** proposed meth-odology,which has cutting-edge performance,will be useful in computer-assisted TB diagnosis and aids in minimizing irregularities in TB detection in developing countries.

关键词： Tuberculosis detection chest x-ray(CXR) convolutional neural networks(CNNs) transfer learning histogram matching

A CONSIDERATION OF THE PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF WILL DOWNS WITH A GENERAL CORRELATION OF CHINESE NEOGENE LOCALITIES

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 2004年第4期42卷 340-344页

作者： Catherine BADGLEY,Lawrence j. FLYNN,louis L. jACOBS,louis H. TAYLOR Museum of Paleontology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Peabody Museum Harvard University Cambridge Department of Geological Sciences Southern Methodist University Dallas Denver Museum of Nature and Science Denver Michigan 48109-1079 USA Massachusetts 02138 USA Texas 75275 USA Colorado 801280-6419 USA

William R. Downs, Ⅲ, known as Dong Weilin to many friends, died a relatively young man ( 1950 ～ 2002) at the height of his career in *** career began at the Museum of Northern Arizona in 1975. One of his early tasks was the preparation of Triassic cynodonts from Antarctica for Edwin ***, then Curator Emeritus of the American Museum of Natural History and Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology at the Museum of Northern Arizona (Colbert and Kitching, 1977). Will prepared the Early jurassic armored ornithischian Scutellosaurus for Colbert (1981), and he collected and prepared a skull of Pentaceratops from the Cretaceous of the San j.an Basin (Rowe et al., 1981 ).One of his early ventures into screen-washing was near the Pentaceratops site in the San j.an Basin (Flynn, 1986) where mammals were poorly represented. In the mid-1980' s, Will left the Museum of Northern Arizona to become affiliated with Northern Arizona University, also in Flagstaff. In addition, he was briefly employed to revamp the fossil preparation laboratories at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, during which time he joined in excavations of a large series of small primitive ornithopods in Texas (Winkler et al.,1988). He maintained an office at the Bilby Research Center, and then the Department of Geology,at Northern Arizona University until the time of his death

关键词： China Neogene fossil mammals Will Downs