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Dynamic Regulation of DELLA Protein Activity： SPINDLY and SECRET AGENT Unmasked!

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Molecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 785-787页

作者： Lucie Camut j.an-michel daviere Patrick Achard Institut de biologie moleculaire des plantes CNRS Universite de Strasbourg 12 rue du General Zimmer 67084 Strasbourg Cedex France

Plants are sessile organisms that integrate growth responses to multiple endogenous and environmental signals. The DELLA family of transcription regulators, first identified as key repressors of gibberellin （GA） signaling, have emerged as a central node of integration, thus providing a mechanism for environmentally responsive growth regulation （Oh et al., 2014）.

关键词： Dynamic Regulation DELLA Protein Activity SECRET AGENT Unmasked

Cellular Auxin Homeostasis： Gatekeeping Is Housekeeping

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 772-786页

作者： michel Ruiz Rosquete Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Applied Life Sciences and Natural Resources (BOKU) 1190 Vienna Austria Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University 9052 Gent Belgium

The phytohormone auxin is essential for plant development and contributes to nearly every aspect of the plant life cycle. The spatio-temporal distribution of auxin depends on a complex interplay between auxin metabolism and cell-to-cell auxin transport. Auxin metabolism and transport are both crucial for plant development; however, it largely remains to be seen how these processes are integrated to ensure defined cellular auxin levels or even gradients within tissues or organs. In this review, we provide a glance at very diverse topics of auxin biology, such as biosynthesis, conjugation, oxidation, and transport of auxin. This broad, but certainly superficial, overview highlights the mutual importance of auxin metabolism and transport. Moreover, it allows pinpointing how auxin metabolism and transport get integrated to jointly regulate cellular auxin homeostasis. Even though these processes have been so far only separately studied, we assume that the phytohormonal crosstalk integrates and coordinates auxin metabolism and transport. Besides the integrative power of the global hormone signaling, we additionally introduce the hypothetical concept considering auxin transport components as gatekeepers for auxin responses.

关键词： auxin conjugation auxin homeostasis auxin metabolism auxin transport.

Magnetron co-sputtering synthesis and nanoindentation studies of nanocrystalline(TiZrHf)_(x)(NbTa)_(1–x)high-entropy alloy thin films

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4873-4879页

作者： Changjun Cheng Xiaofu Zhang michel j.R.Haché Yu Zou Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and Center for Excellence in Superconducting ElectronicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai 200050China

Refractory high-entropy alloys(HEAs)possess many useful properties such as high strength and high-temperature *** far,most studies on refractory HEAs have been limited to a few well-known compositions and on their coarse-grain bulk *** we fabricate nanocrystalline(TiZrHf)_(x)(NbTa)_(1−x)HEA thin films with a large range of compositions(x=0.07–0.90)by the direct current(DC)magnetron co-sputtering technique and measure their mechanical properties using the nanoindentation *** the as-deposited HEA thin films show a solid-solution body-centered cubic(bcc)*** the compositional ratio(x)increases,the elastic modulus decreases from 153 to 123 GPa,following the trend of the rule of *** x increases,the hardness first decreases from 6.5 GPa(x=0.07)to the lowest value(4.6 GPa,x=0.48)and then increases to the highest value(7.1 GPa,x=0.90),showing a concave *** change in hardness might be attributed to the combinational influence caused by the atomic size and modulus effects,as well as the texture *** authors also propose a few open questions for future studies on this and related HEA systems.

关键词： high-entropy alloys nanocrystalline alloys refractory metals thin films magnetron co-sputtering nanoindentation

Experimental investigations of transient pressure variations in a high head model Francis turbine during start-up and shutdown

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journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第2期26卷 277-290页

作者： TRIVEDI Chirag CERVANTES michel j. GANDHI B.K. OLE DAHLHAUG G. Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics Lule? University of Technology Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Water Power Laboratory Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Penetration of the power generated using wind and solar energy to electrical grid network causing several incidents of the grid tripping, power outage, and frequency drooping. This has increased restart （star-stop） cycles of the hydroelectric turbines significantly since grid connected hydroelectric turbines are widely used to manage critical conditions of the grid. Each cycle induces significant stresses due to unsteady pressure loading on the runner blades. The presented work investigates the pressure loading to a high head （ He = 377 m, De = 1.78 m） Francis turbine during start-stop. The measurements were carried out on a scaled model turbine （HM = 12.5 m, DM = 0.349 m）. Total four operating points were considered. At each operating point, three schemes of guide vanes opening and three schemes of guide vanes closing were investigated. The results show that total head variation is up to 9% during start-stop of the turbine. On the runner blade, the maximum pressure amplitudes are about 14 kPa and 16 kPa from the instantaneous mean value of 121 kPa during rapid start-up and shutdown, respectively, which are about 1.5 times larger than that of the slow start-up and shutdown. Moreover, the maximum pressure fluctuations are given at the blade trailing edge.

关键词： Francis turbine pressure fluctuations start-up shutdown transient

Enhanced Userspace and In-Kernel Trace Filtering for Production Systems

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journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第6期31卷 1161-1178页

作者： Suchakrapani Datt Sharma michel Dagenais Department of Computer and Software Engineering Ecole Polytechnique de Montrdal Montreal H3T 1J4 Canada

Trace tools like LTTng have a very low impact on the traced software as compared with traditional debuggers. However, for long runs, in resource constrained and high throughput environments, such as embedded network switching nodes and production servers, the collective tracing impact on the target software adds up considerably. The overhead is not just in terms of execution time but also in terms of the huge amount of data to be stored, processed and analyzed offiine. This paper presents a novel way of dealing with such huge trace data generation by introducing a just-In-Time （jIT） filter based tracing system, for sieving through the flood of high frequency events, and recording only those that are relevant, when a specific condition is met. With a tiny filtering cost, the user can filter out most events and focus only on the events of interest. We show that in certain scenarios, the jIT compiled filters prove to be three times more effective than similar interpreted filters. We also show that with the increasing number of filter predicates and context variables, the benefits of jIT compilation increase with some jIT compiled filters being even three times faster than their interpreted counterparts. We further present a new architecture, using our filtering system, which can enable co-operative tracing between kernel and process tracing VMs （virtual machines） that share data efficiently. We demonstrate its use through a tracing scenario where the user can dynamically specify syscall latency through the userspace tracing VM whose effect is reflected in tracing decisions made by the kernel tracing VM. We compare the data access performance on our shared memory system and show an almost 100 times improvement over traditional data sharing for co-operative tracing.

关键词： tracing debugging filtering operating system interpreter

Some questions about landscape modelling

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 459-465页

作者： michel Godron LI Xiu-zhen CCAS F18410BrinonFrance Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The paper discusses mainly about the modelling process and related problems with examples from Chinese and French cases. Five practical problems must be solved for modelling the functioning of any landscape: ( 1) The field data are necessarily taken with a sampling procedure that implies a spatial (and often temporal) scale. (2) Every landscape modelled has to be identified, delimited and characterised before application of the hierarchical theory. (3) The functioning of a landscape involves data of multiple types (climate, soil, vegetation, fauna, buildings, communications, economy, aesthetics, etc.) which must be integrated in a holistic approach. (4) Every landscape is spatially heterogeneous, and the structure of the model must be more or less isomorphic with its heterogeneity. ( 5) The evolution of the landscape must be modelled on a rather long period of time. For all these reasons, it is necessary to build ad hoc models. Object-oriented computing languages may be useful for this purpose.

关键词： landscape modelling scale hierarchy holistic approach application

Uptake of U-and Th-series radionuclides by cereal crops in Upper Egypt

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2009年第2期20卷 99-105页

作者： SHABAN Harb ROLF michel Center for Radiation Protection and Radioecology Hanover University(ZSR) Physics Department Faculty of ScienceSouth Valley University

The main aim of this study is to determine the activity concentrations of uranium series and thorium series radionuclide in crops cultivated in Upper *** types of cereal crops were collected from local markets and analyzed by γ-ray *** mean activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides 238U,226Ra and 232Th were 0.67,1.27 and 0.56 Bq·kg-1,*** annual effective doses from these radionuclides were estimated for different age groups.

关键词：天然放射性核素谷类作物埃及 U型吸收 226Ra 作物栽培有效剂量

Uranium,rare metals,and granulite-facies metamorphism

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 729-745页

作者： michel Cuney Pierre Barbey CNRS Georessources.UMR 7359.BP 239F-54506 Vandauvre-les-NancyFrance b CNRS.CRPC.UMR 7359.BP 20F-54501 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex.France Universite de Lorraine.CS 25233.F-54042 Nancy.France

During granulite-facies metamorphism of metasedimentary rocks by the infiltration of carbonic fluids, the disappearance of hydrated minerals leads to the liberation of aqueous fluids. These fluids are strongly enriched in F and C1, and a series of Large-lon-Lithophile （LIL） elements and rare metals, resulting in their depletion in granulites. To sum up the fate of these elements, we focus on three domains representing different crustal levels and showing distinct behaviours with respect to these elements. The Lapland metasedimentary granulites illustrate the behaviour of the LILE and rare metals during lower crustal metamorphism. There is no change in Ba, moderate loss in Rb, and extreme depletion in Cs, Li, and Sn. F and CI contents are also very low compared to the protoliths or average upper continental crust. Biotite and amphibole breakdown leads to the incorporation of their partitioning into a fluid or a melt. The Tranomaro metasomatized marbles recrystallizing under granulite-facies conditions represent a demonstrative example of fluid transfer from granulite-facies supracrustals to traps represented by regional scale skarns. Such fluids may be at the origin of the incompatible element enrichment detected in leucosomes of migmatites from St Malo in Brittany （France） and Black Hills in South Dakota, The northern French Massif Central provides us with an example of a potential association between incompatible element enrichment of granitic melts and granulite-facies metamorphism. U- and F- enriched fine-grained granites are emplaced along a crustal scale shear zone active during the emplacement within the St Sylvestre peraluminous leucogranitic complex, We propose that during granulite-facies metamorphism dominated by carbonic waves in a deep segment of the continental crust, these shear zones control：（i） the percolation of F-, LILE-, rare metal-rich fluids liberated primarily by the breakdown of biotite; （ii） the enhancement of partial melting by F-rich flui

关键词： GranuliteCarbonic waveUraniumRare metalsPartial meltingFluorine

Resolution of phylogenetic relationships of the major subfamilies of the Delphacidae （Homoptera： Fulgoroidea） using the mitochondrial ribosomal DNA

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Insect Science 2006年第3期13卷 167-177页

作者： EDDY DIjKSTRA michel A. SLOTMAN RORY j. POST Biosystematics Group Wageningen University the Netherlands The Natural History Museum London UK

Delphacid relationships from the genus level to the subfamily have been completely resolved （among those taxa examined） using sequence data from the 3＇ end of the 12S gene. Monophyly of the non-asiracine subfamilies was strongly supported and the asiracine Ugyops was placed in the most basal position of the tree. Support levels for monophyly of the Delphacini increased after weighting transversions more heavily than transitions and after removing the cixiid outgroup from the dataset. Among the Delphacini, Conomelus and Megamelus were more closely related to each other than either was to Chloriona. These results are in agreement with the tree based on morphological characters. However, in contrast to morphological data our results strongly supported a sister group relationship between the Stenocraninae and the Kelisiinae. Although the 12S gene fragment gave some information about the species relationships within Chloriona, neither this fragment nor the 5＇ end of the 16S gene appear to be very useful for this level. Molecular evolutionary patterns provided evidence that there has been a shift in base composition from T to A during the early evolution of the non-Asiracinae. The non-Asiracinae also had comparatively fast substitution rates and these two observations are possibly correlated. In the ‘ modem＇ delphacid Chloriona, the AT content was comparatively low in regions free of constraints but this was not the case for ‘ non-modem＇ delphacids. The tRNA for valine has been translocated elsewhere, probably before the Delphacidae and Cixiidae diverged from each other.

关键词： classification Delphacidae evolution Fulgoroidea Homoptera rnitochondrial DNA phylogeny ribosomal DNA