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Effect of indaziflam on microbial activity and nitrogen cycling processes in an orchard soil

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 803-811页

作者： Amir M.gonzÁlez-delgado Pierre-AndréjACINTHE Manoj K.SHUKLA Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces NM 88003(USA) Department of Earth Sciences Indiana University Purdue UniversityIndianapolis IN 46202(USA)

Indaziflam is a preemergent herbicide widely used for the control of weeds in pecan(Carya illinoinensis)orchards in the southwestern region of the United *** the paucity of data regarding the effect of indaziflam on the biochemical properties of soils supporting pecan production,this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different application rates of indaziflam on soil microbial activity,diversity,and biochemical processes related to nitrogen(N)*** two consecutive growing seasons(2015 and 2016),soil samples were obtained from experimental mesocosms consisting of soil-filled pots where pecan saplings were grown and treated with indaziflam applied at two different rates(25 and 50 g active ingredient(ai)ha^(-1),with the higher rate being slightly lower than the recommended field application rate of 73.1 g ai ha^(-1)).Soil samples were collected approximately one week before and one week after herbicide application for determination of soil microbial biomass and diversity,N mineralization,andβ-glucosaminidase *** samples collected from the control mesocosms without herbicide application were treated in the laboratory with two rates of indaziflam(75 and 150 g ai ha^(-1))to determine the immediate effect on microbial *** significant effect of herbicide treatment on soil respiration and microbial biomass was *** results showed a slight to moderate decrease in microbial diversity(7%in 2015 and 44%in 2016).However,decreasedβ-glucosaminidase activity with herbicide treatment was observed in soils from the mesocosms(33%)and soils treated with indaziflam in the laboratory(45%).The mineral N pool was generally dominated by ammonium after indaziflam application,which was consistent with the drastic decrease(75%)in nitrification activity measured in the laboratory *** results of this study indicate that indaziflam,even when applied at higher than recommended rates,has limited effects on soil microbial activity,but

关键词： Carya illinoinensis β-glucosaminidase activity mesocosm experiment microbial biomass microbial diversity mineral nitrogen speciation nitrification

Exploring the dynamic complexity of risk factors for vector-borne infections in sub-Saharan Africa:Case of urban lymphatic filariasis

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journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第1期3卷 17-21页

作者： Alexandre Zerbo Rafael Castro delgado Pedro Arcos gonzález Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Oviedo33006 OviedoSpain

Dynamic complexity is often a characteristic of public health issues;to visualize these problems as a system rather than isolated elements,system dynamics modeling may be an appropriate *** dynamic complexity of risk factors for lymphatic filariasis(LF)as an urban vector-borne disease has been addressed using system dynamics *** causal loop diagrams(CLDs)were designed to display the network of interactions of risk factors for urban transmission of LF and a potential set of public health interventions.A stock and flow diagram was also designed to capture the transmission dynamics as an accumulation and flow system,and a simulation model was built and *** system dynamics(SD)methodology is suitable for addressing the dynamic complexity of risk factors for LF in urban settings and is well-suited for public health interventions.

关键词： System dynamics Lymphatic filariasis Urban areas Sub-Saharan Africa

Water sanitation and hygiene in Sub-Saharan Africa:Coverage, risks of diarrheal diseases, and urbanization

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journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第1期3卷 41-45页

作者： Alexandre Zerbo Rafael Castro delgado Pedro Arcos gonzález Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Oviedo33006 OviedoSpain

Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)has a rapidly growing urban population,with water,sanitation,and hygiene(WASH)services representing the central needs for this ***,this region has the lowest global WASH *** from the‘WHO/UNICEF joint Monitoring Programme for Water supply,Sanitation and Hygiene’and the‘Global Burden of Disease’study from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation were used to assess WASH coverage and related health burden in SSA,its subregions,and rural and urban areas in *** coverage in the SSA region appears to be low,but urban coverage is better than that in rural areas;however,there is unequal access to urban WASH and poor urban areas are *** addition,7.75%(5.99–9.7%)of total deaths due to diarrheal diseases across SSA are attributed to unsafe WASH with a risk factor attribution(RFA)percentage of 95.93%(91.94–98.24%).Therefore,a correlation between WASH coverage and mortality due to diarrheal diseases could be *** is a lack of data on WASH coverage in poor urban areas,although these areas have high incidence of WASH-related diseases including *** urban WASH data are needed to better understand the WASH service needs of poor urban areas,which would be helpful in ensuring a more inclusive implementation of WASH services.

关键词： Sub-Saharan Africa WASH Risks of diarrheal diseases Urban areas

Vulnerability and everyday health risks of urban informal settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Global Health journal 2020年第2期4卷 46-50页

作者： Alexandre Zerbo Rafael Cdelgado Pedro Agonzález Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster University of Oviedo33006 OviedoSpain

More than half of the world population lives in the cities and around one billion in poor urban *** numbers are projected to increase,while Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest rate of informal settlements due his rapid *** urban informal settlements of Sub-Saharan Africa house everyday health *** risks have considerable cumulative impacts on the wellbeing and health of the urban vulnerable *** the public health consequences of urbanization and the increase of informal settlements number in African cities,there is a paucity in data about the risks at small scale and the vulnerability in poor urban *** the database search engine of MEDLINE,WHO Library and Information Networks for Knowledge and website of Urban Africa Risk Knowledge;from information of the existing literature,this paper tried to analyse the everyday health risks,and vulnerabilities in urban informal settlement in Sub-Saharan Africa region.A search combining keywords associated with health risks and informal settlement in Sub-Saharan Africa were used to identify the relevant documents,and this search yielded 86 articles,of which 15 met the criteria for inclusion in the *** risks of communicable diseases due to inadequate sanitation have been the most frequent subjects of *** settlers in Sub-Saharan Africa face everyday health risks arising from lack of clean water,adequate sanitation,and life in overcrowding ***,there is a burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases,undernourishment and *** most vulnerable group is children under five with a high rate of *** health risks in urban informal settlements must be taken into account for a better understanding of the full spectrum of urban *** is essential in the establishment of efficient public health policies and intervention in urban areas.

关键词： Informal settlements Health risk Vulnerability Sub-Saharan Africa

Size effects on the tensile strength and fracture toughness of granitic rock in different tests

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第9期15卷 2179-2192页

作者： Ignacio Pérez-Rey Andrea Muñoz-Ibáñez Manuel A.gonzález-Fernández Mauro Muñiz-Menéndez Miguel Herbón Penabad Xian Estévez-Ventosa jordi delgado Leandro RAlejano Laboratorio de Geotecnia CEDEXMadridSpain CINTECX GESSMin GroupDepartment of Natural Resources and Environmental EngineeringUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain School of Civil Engineering Universidade da CoruñaA CoruñaSpain

This study investigates the tensile failure mechanisms in granitic rock samples at different scales by means of different types of *** do that,we have selected a granitic rock type and obtained samples of different sizes with the diameter ranging from 30 mm to 84 *** samples have been subjected to direct tensile strength(DTS)tests,indirect Brazilian tensile strength(BTS)tests and to two fracture toughness testing *** DTS and fracture toughness were found to consistently grow with sample size,this trend was not clearly identified for BTS,where after an initial grow,a plateau of results was *** is a rather complete database of tensile related properties of a single rock *** if similar databases are rare,the obtained trends are generally consistent with previous scatter and partial experimental ***,different observations apply to different types of rocks and experimental *** differences in variability and mean values of the measured parameters at different scales are critically analysed based on the heterogeneity,granular structure and fracture mechanics *** potential relations between parameters are revised and an indication is given on potential sample sizes for obtaining reliable *** this database with different types of rocks is thought to be convenient to advance towards a better understanding of the tensile strength of rock materials.

关键词： Size effect Tensile strength Fracture toughness Granite Finite fracture mechanics

Simplicial Indicator Kriging

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journal of China University of Geosciences 2008年第1期19卷 65-71页

作者： R Tolosana-delgado V Pawlowsky-Glahn j j Egozcue Department of Sedimentology and Environmental Geology Georg-August-Universitt Gttingen D-37077 Gttingen Germany Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics University of Girona Girona Spain Department of Applied Mathematics III Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain

Indicator kriging （IK） is a spatial interpolation technique devised for estimating a conditional cumulative distribution function at an unsampled location. The result is a discrete approximation, and its corresponding estimated probability density function can be viewed as a composition in the simplex. This fact suggested a compositional approach to IK which, by construction, avoids all its standard drawbacks （negative predictions, not-ordered or larger than one）. Here, a simple algorithm to develop the procedure is presented.

关键词： Aitchison geometry compositional data disjunctive kriging log-ratio approach simplex.

On the Structure of Graded Leibniz Algebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第1期22卷 83-96页

作者： Antonio j. Calderon Martin jose M. Sfinchez delgado Departamento de Matemdticas Universidad de Cadiz 11510 Puerto Real Cadiz Spain

We study the structure of graded Leibniz algebras with arbitrary dimension and over an arbitrary base field K. We show that any of such algebras ￡ with a symmetric G-support is of the form ￡ = U-∑jIj with U a subspace of ￡1, the homogeneous component associated to the unit element 1 in G, and any Ij a well described graded ideal of ￡, satisfying [Ij, Ik]= 0 if j≠ k. In the case of ￡ being of maximal length, we characterize the gr-simplicity of the algebra in terms of connections in the support of the grading.

关键词： graded Leibniz algebra infinite dimensional Leibniz algebra structure theory

Generalized Baumslag-Solitar Graphs with Soluble Fundamental Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第1期21卷 53-58页

作者： Alberto L. delgado Derek j.S. Robinson Mathew Timm vDepartment of Mathematics illinois State University Normal IL 61790 USA Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Mathematics Bradley University Peoria IL 61625 USA

It is shown that the generalized Baumslag-Solitar graphs which have soluble fundamental groups can be constructed from four simple types of graph by a process of decoration. The method of proof is elementary and emplo... 详细信息

关键词： generalized Baumslag-Solitar graph soluble fundamental group

Modified activated carbon with interconnected fibrils of iron-oxyhydroxides using Mn^(2+) as morphology regulator, for a superior arsenic removal from water

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 403-414页

作者： Cesar Nieto-delgado joel Gutiérrez-Martínez j.Rene Rangel-Méndez Environmental Sciences Division Potosino Institute of Scientific and Technological ResearchIPICyT

The arsenic removal efficiency of iron-modified activated carbons depends greatly on the number of available iron oxide surface sites, which are given by the surface area of the anchored particles. In this sense, aiming the generation of an adsorbent with superior arsenic adsorption capacity, we developed a protocol to anchor interconnected fibrils of iron oxyhydroxides, using Mn^(2+) as a morphology regulator. The protocol was based on a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, using bituminous based activated carbon and both Fe^(2+) and Mn^(2+) ions in the hydrolysis solution. The elemental analysis of modified carbons revealed that Mn does not anchor to the carbon. However, when Mn is included in the hydrolysis solution, the iron content in the activated carbon increased up to 3.5 wt%,without considerable decreasing the adsorbent surface area. Under specific hydrothermal conditions, the Mn^(2+) promoted the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles shaped as interconnected fibrils. This material showed a superior arsenic adsorption capacity in comparison to similar iron modified activated carbons(5 mg As/g carbon, at 2 mg As/L),attributed to the increase in quantity and availability of active sites located on the novel interconnected fibrils of iron oxyhydroxides nanostructures.

关键词： Iron oxide nanostructures Hydrothermal synthesis Microwave Adsorption capacity Kinetics