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Use　of　Computational　Fluid　Dynamics　to　Simulate　the　Effects　of　Design　and　Operating　Parameters　on　the　Overall　Performance

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journal of Thermal Science 1995年第4期4卷 250-257页

作者： V.Nasserzadeh j.swithenbank DepartmentofMechanical＆ProcessEngineering SheffieldUniversitySheffield.UK DepartmentofMechanical＆Pro

With around 10 tonnes of waste being generated for every maul woman and child each year across the globe, safe disposal of it all has become an urgent environmental problem. In 1993, Western Europe,the United States, Canada, japan, Australia and New Zealand produced a total of 480 millon tonnes of industrial waste and & billion tonnes from activities such as energy production, agriculture, mining and sewage disposal. The emission to the atmosphere of both heavy metals and acid gases and perhaps more important in the longer term, the Dioxins/Furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), promises to be one of the key issues facing not only the industry but the society as a whole over the next decade and *** it is increasingly likely that measures to control toxic emissions will have to be directed at a wider target than just the waste incinerators, it is equally certain that both public opinion and legislation will, at least in the first instance, see the incinerators as one of the most obvious candidates for tighter *** days, virtually all the new research and development techniques in combustion technology involve the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to combustor design. This seems to be the best approach to solving design problems. Mathematical modelling thus is seen as an inherent part *** all combustion research programmes. The new discipline of computational fluid dynamics can also be used to help minimize flame generated pollutants released to the atmosphere. These pollutants include; CO2, CO, SO2, NOx, HC1, Hydrocarbons, soot, particulates, heavy metals and dioxins/furans. CFD studies of their release to the atmosphere must include not only their source in the flame, but also their removal from the fine gases by scrubbing and other techniques. The governing differential equations for the process being studied must be defined and solved simultaneously if the parameters in the equations are interacting. At present, this procedure can g

关键词： toxic emissions waste incineration CFD modelling.

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Increased ARF6 activation correlates with HGF stimulation in non-invasive prostate cancer cells

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journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2018年第1期4卷 535-547页

作者： Claire Morgan Lucy j.swithenbank Helen Whiteland Shareen H.Doak Swansea University Medical School Institute of Life ScienceSwansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK

Aim:The effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)on a non-invasive prostate cancer cell line(CAHPV-10),expressing cMET were studied,to mimic the possible effects neo-adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy may have in promoting tumour ***:Prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells derived from cancer metastatic sites were analysed using cell culture assays,immunofluorescence,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting,with or without HGF ***:HGF significantly enhanced cell proliferation and induced cell scattering and invasion in CAHPV-10 cells compared to untreated *** adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6(ARF6)was found to be present in all metastatic prostate cancer cells,with levels highest in the most aggressive cell line,*** stimulation with HGF,active ARF6 expression was substantially elevated in CAHPV-10 ***:These findings provide further molecular insight into the progression of prostate cancer and highlights potential issues for early prostate cancer therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Prostate cancer adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6 hepatocyte growth factor stimulation androgen

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New Developments in Spinning Fluidised Bed Incineration Technology

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2000年第3期5卷 262-269页

作者： j.swithenbank R.Taib S.Basire W.Y.Wong 陆永琪 K.Oung V.Nasserzadeh Sheffield University Waste Incineration Centre University of Sheffield UK Department of Enviromental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

At the present time, the sewage treatment plants in the UK produce about 25 million tons of sewage sludge each year at a concentration of 4% solids. New regulations forbid sea dumping and in the near future new incinerators will be required to dispose of about 5 million tons per year. Bubbling fluidised bed incinerators are widely used to burn sewage sludge at a typical consumption rate of about 0.02kg(dry)·s -1 ·m 2 , and it follows that over 300 conventional fluidised bed incinerators of 3m diameter could be required to cope with the increased demand.\;At Sheffield University Waste Incineration Centre (SUWIC) research work is being carried out to develop a novel spinning fluidised bed incinerator. The key factor to note is that when air flows up through a bed of near mono sized particles, it fluidises when the pressure drop across the bed is equal to the weight of the bed. Normally, the weight of the bed is determined by gravity. However, if the bed is contained by a cylindrical air distributor ‘plate’ that is rotating rapidly about its axis, then the effective weight of the bed can be increased dramatically. The airflow passing through the bed can be increased proportionally to the “g” level produced by the rotation and it follows that the process has been intensified. In exploratory tests with a spinning fluidised bed we have achieved combustion intensities with coal combustion as high as 100MW/m 3. A problem with burning coal is that it was difficult to remove the heat and rotating water seals had to be used to transfer cooling water into the bed. In the case of sewage and other sludges, this problem does not exist since the flue gases can remove the small amount of heat released. The rotating fluidised bed sludge incinerator is a novel device, which is very compact. It is able to solve the turndown problem encountered with conventional fluidised beds by simply changing the rotation speed. Bearing in mind that a centrifugal sludge de wate

关键词： spinning fluidised bed incineration sewage sludge

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher j.O’Connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown Rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

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Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.Rex David j.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science Foundation(NSF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

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Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael j.Lee Ryota L.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

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Constraints on what controls millennial-scale basin-wide denudation across mountain belts, Asia

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 74-93页

作者： Ye YANG Steven A.BINNIE Sheng XU Cong-Qiang LIU Tibor j.DUNAI Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Institute of Geology and Mineralogy University of Cologne

The terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dataset consisting of 123310Be measurements of fluvial sediment samples across the Asian mountain belts is used to constrain the influence of climate,tectonics and topography on Earth-surface denudation processes.10Be-derived basin-wide denudation rates were recalculated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach that relied on pixel-by-pixel production *** rates derived span four orders of magnitude,from 7.4±0.7 mm kyr-1（1σ;Central Tibetan Plateau） to 9,646744+777mm kyr-1（1σ;Southern Tibetan Plateau）,with a median of 186 mm *** our results with the traditional basin-wide production rate scaling model using a centroid coordinate and mean elevation,suggests that 96.6%of production rates will be underestimated using the latter method,especially for basins with a large *** bias between both methods reaches as large as 40%,caused by basin hypsometry and the nonlinear scaling of production rate with elevation and *** of the correlations between uniformly recalculated denudation rates and tectonics,climate,topography and rock lithology will facilitate the extrapolation of denudation rates in unknown basins using available *** the perspective of local scales,precipitation coupled with neotectonics-driven landslides is likely the most influential factor in subtropical Taiwan Island,while topography primarily constrains surface denudation rates in the eastern Tibetan Plateau within a narrow range of *** highland regions with glacier coverage,such as the Pamir,central and southern Tibetan Plateau high denudation rates are affected by glaciation,whereas lower precipitation and high erosion base level may limit river incision and evolving relief in the Central Tibetan *** contrast to local-scale findings highlighting a dominant factor constraining denudation rate,our large-scale quantitative analyses across the Asian mountain belts finds that （1） topographic metrics including

关键词： 10Be-derived denudation rate Climate change Tectonic uplift Topographic gradient Asian mountains

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Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 819-820页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna jennifer Aguilar Emily Lee William j.Mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated ... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol molar dated

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Brain-penetrating neurotrophic factor mimetics: HER-096 as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1094-1095页

作者： Natalia Kulesskaya Kira M.Holmström Henri j.Huttunen Herantis Pharma Plc EspooFinland

Neurotrophic factors as a therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative diseases:A major unmet need in the field of central nervous system diseases is disease-modifying *** for decades there have been various symptomatic treatments available to alleviate the symptoms of the disease,disease-modification,*** that stop,significantly delay,or reverse the progression of the disease,has been turned out to a difficult goal to achieve.

关键词： diseases treatment therapeutic

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