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simulation of Fusion Plasmas:Current status and Future Direction

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Plasma science and Technology 2007年第3期9卷 312-387页

作者： D.A.Batchelor M.Beck A.Becoulet R.V.Budny C.s.Chang P.H.Diamond j.Q.Dong G.Y.FU A.Fukuyama T.s.Hahm D.E.Keyes Y.Kishimoto s.Klasky L.L.Lao K.Li Z.Lin B.Ludaescher j.Manickam N.Nakajima T.Ozeki N.Podhorszki W.M.Tang M.A.Vouk R.E.Waltz s.j.Wang H.R.Wilson X.Q.Xu M.Yagi F.Zonca Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA 1122 Volunteer Blvd Suite 203KnoxvilleTN 37996-3450USA AssociationEURATOM-CEA sur la Fusio n Contr■lée CEA Cadarache13108 Saint Paul lez Durance CedexFrance Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08543USA Courant Institute of Mathematical sciences New York University251 Mercer StreetNew YorkNY 10012USA University of California at san Diego Dept.of Physics and Center for Astrophysics and Space SciencesLa JollaCA 92093USA southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041China Department of Nuclear Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Columbia University Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsMC 4701New YorkNY 10027USA Department of Fundamental Energy science Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan General Atomics P.O.Box 85608San DiegoCA 92186USA Department of Computer science Princeton University PrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Computer science University of California DavisCA95616USA National Institute for Fusion science TokiGifu 509-5292Japan japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka Fusion Research EstablishmentNaka-machiIbaraki-kenJapan Department of Computer science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Physics Fudan University200433 ShanghaiChina Department of Physics University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO10 5DD UK Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla fusione CR FrascatiCasella Postale 65-00044FrascatiItaly

I. Introduction (Z. Lin, G. Y. Fu, j. Q. Dong) II. Role of theory and simulation in fusion sciences 1. The Impact of theory and simulation on tokomak experiments (H. R. Wilson, T.s. Hahm and F. Zonca) 2. Tokomak Transport Physics for the Era of ITER: Issues for simulations (P.H. Diamond and T.s. Hahm) III. status of fusion simulation and modeling 1. Nonlinear Governing Equations for Plasma simulations (T. s. Hahm) 2. Equilibrium and stability (L.L. Lao, j. Manickam) 3. Transport modeling (R.E. Waltz) 4. Nonlinear MHD (G.Y. Fu) 5. Turbulence (Z. Lin and R.E. Waltz) 6. RF heating and current drive (D.A. Batchelor) 7. Edge physics simulations (X.Q. Xu and C.s. Chang) 8. Energetic particle physics (F. Zonca, G.Y. Fu and s.j. Wang) 9. Time-dependent Integrated Modeling (R.V. Budny) 10. Validation and verification (j. Manickam) IV. Major initiatives on fusion simulation 1. Us scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (sciDAC) Program & Fusion Energy science (W. Tang) 2. EU Integrated Tokamak Modelling (ITM) Task Force (A. Becoulet) 3. Fusion simulations Activities in japan (A. Fukuyama, N. Nakajima, Y. Kishimoto, T. Ozeki, and M. Yagi) V. Cross-disciplinary research in fusion simulation 1. Applied mathematics: Models, Discretizations, and solvers (D.E. Keyes) 2. Computational science (K. Li) 3. scientific Data and Workflow Management (s. Klasky, M. Beck, B. Ludaescher, N. Podhorszki, M.A. Vouk) 4. Collaborative tools (j. Manickam)

关键词： mode ITER

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怎样在放牧生态系统中测定净初级生产力

国外畜牧学（草原与牧草） 1998年第4期 17-21页

作者： s.j.mc Naughton D.G.Milchunas D.A.Frank 王文颖

测定放牧生态系统的净初级生产力时,全季或全年扣笼法无法测定放牧动物对植物生产力和植物补偿性再生的影响,同时无法估测放牧强度对植物消耗量的影响。针对这一问题,通过综述了动物密度法、可移动扣笼法、临时扣笼内刈割牧草模拟放牧... 详细信息

测定放牧生态系统的净初级生产力时,全季或全年扣笼法无法测定放牧动物对植物生产力和植物补偿性再生的影响,同时无法估测放牧强度对植物消耗量的影响。针对这一问题,通过综述了动物密度法、可移动扣笼法、临时扣笼内刈割牧草模拟放牧强度法、转移动物法等4种测定放牧生态系统净初级生产力的方法的优缺点。得出结论:4种方法的测定结果是否比全季或全年扣笼法更准确,主要取决于这种方法能否准确测定植物补偿性再生及能否准确反映植物产量估测值的偏差大小。

关键词：放牧生态系统净初级生产力

Assessing the estrogenic potency in a Portuguese wastewater treatment plant using an integrated approach

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journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第10期22卷 1613-1622页

作者： Mário s.Diniz Rita Maurício Mira Petrovic Maria j.López De Alda Leonor Amaral Isabel Peres Damiá Barceló Fernando santana Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaREQUIMTEDep.de Quimica Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaDep.de Ciencias e Engenharia do Ambiente Department of Environmental Chemistry-IIQAB-CsIC c/jordi Girona

The estrogenic potency of a wastewater treatment plant （WWTP） was evaluated using chemical and biological analyses, which showed that after the station treatment processes some of the selected endocrine disruptor compounds （EDCs） were still present in the treated effluent （e.g., bisphenol A, alkylphenols, estrone）. Thus, the most common endocrine EDCs were identified and quantified and the overall estrogenicity of the treated effluent assessed by integrating the results. Male goldfish （Carassius auratus） were used as biological indicators in a 28-day experiment. Vitellogenin （Vtg）, gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices, steroids （17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone） and histopathology were biomarkers used in fish to evaluate WWTP treated effluent estrogenicity, in combination with instrumental analyses. The results showed a significant increase （P 〈 0.01） in plasma and liver Vtg, which were significantly correlated （r = 0.66; P 〈 0.01）. The gonadosmatic index was significantly （P 〈 0.01） reduced in exposed fish. The steroid analyses revealed significant elevations in 17β-estradiol and depressed 11-ketotestosterone concentrations. The histological examinations show changes in exposed fish gonads, such as regressed testes and in some cases （43% to 75%） the development of ovo-testis in fish exposed to 50% and 100% treated effluent.

关键词： Carassius auratus endocrine disruptors vitellogenin steroids intersex

The strain rate sensitive and anisotropic behavior of rare-earth magnesium alloy ZEK100 sheet

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 882-891页

作者： H.Wang X.sun s.Kurukuri M.j.Worswick D.Y.Li Y.H.Peng P.D.Wu state Key Laboratory of Mechanical systems and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Materials Genome Initiative Center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Mc Master UniversityHamiltonOntario L8S 4L7Canada

To overcome the limitation in formability at room temperature,manufacturers have developed magnesium alloys with remarkable properties by adding rare-earth *** rare-earth magnesium alloys behave differently from the conventional alloys,especially with respect to their coupled anisotropic and strain rate sensitive *** the current work,such behavior of the rare-earth Mg alloy ZEK100 sheet at room temperature is investigated with the aid of the elastic viscoplastic self-consistent polycrystal plasticity *** strain rate sensitivities(sRss)for various deformation modes are employed by the model to simulate the strain rate sensitive behaviors under different loading directions and loading *** agreement between the experiments and simulations reveals the importance and necessity of using different sRss for each deformation mode in hexagonal close-packed ***,the relative activities of each deformation mode and the texture evolution during different loadings are *** anisotropic and strain rate sensitive behavior is ascribed to the various operating deformation modes with different sRss during loading along different directions.

关键词： Rare-earth magnesium alloy strain rate sensitivity Twinning Crystal plasticity

structure of sARs-CoV-2 main protease in the apo state

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science China(Life sciences) 2021年第4期64卷 656-659页

作者： Xuelan Zhou Fanglin Zhong Cheng Lin Xiaohui Hu Yan Zhang Bing Xiong Xiushan Yin jinheng Fu Wei He jingjing Duan Yang Fu Huan Zhou Peter j.mc Cormick Qisheng Wang jian Li jin Zhang school of Basic Medical sciences Nanchang UiniversinNanchang 330031China College of Pharmaceutical sciences Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000 China Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Ministry of EducationGannan Medical UniversiyGanzhou 341000China shenzhen Crystalo Biopharmacutical Co LtdShenzhen 518118China jiangxi jmerry Biopharmaceutical Co LtdGanzhou 341000China The second Afiliaed Hospital of Nanchang Universiy Nanchang 330031China Department of Medicinal Chemisry Shanghai Instiute of Materia MedicalChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Appled Blology Laboratory Shenyang Untversity of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China Biotech&Biomedicine science(jiangxi)Co LtdGanzhou 341000China jiangxi-OA1 joint Research Isiution Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330047China Human Aging Research Instiute(HARI) School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversinNanchang 330031China school of Medicine Souhern Universiny of Science and Technologx Shenzhen 518055China shanghai synchroron Radiation Facilig Shanghai Advanced Research InstiueChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Centre for Endocrinology William Harvey Research InstiuteBari's and the London School of Medicine and DentisrQneen MaryUniversity of LondonLondon ECIM 6BQUK

Dear Editor,Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sARs-Co V-2)has been a global pandemic that severely threatens global health with concordant economic ***,there i... 详细信息

关键词： drugs al. acute

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基于时频序列变换的话音模拟置乱器

信息安全与通信保密 1984年第1期 10-25页

作者： N.s.jayant R.V.Cox B.j.mc Dermott A.M.Qujnn 禾田广

在模拟话音保密置乱器中,常利用变换话音片段。本文论述一种“序列”变换方法,它比起熟知的“帧”变换法,具有更好的片段离散特性。在帧变换法中,若干相邻片段划分成适当大小的帧,并在这些帧内置换。序列法应用的更为先进的设计是一种... 详细信息

在模拟话音保密置乱器中,常利用变换话音片段。本文论述一种“序列”变换方法,它比起熟知的“帧”变换法,具有更好的片段离散特性。在帧变换法中,若干相邻片段划分成适当大小的帧,并在这些帧内置换。序列法应用的更为先进的设计是一种能同时进行时频变换的新技术。本文也给出一些主观试验的结果,即我们在采用时间变换(TsP——时间片段变换)以及时频变换(TFsP——时间频率片段变换)的置乱器输出端所测得的剩余话音可懂度。此试验有帧时间变换、序列时间变换以及序列时频变换等几个范例。我们测量了以置乱引进的信息时延为函数的口述数字可懂度。发现,即使有512毫秒的时延,时间片段变换置乱器的剩余可懂度也不低于50％;而序列时频片段变换置乱器,在时延为256毫秒时,平均数字可懂度就能达到20％的程度。本期的姊妹篇介绍了序列时间频率片段变换的实现问题,以及在实际信道上还原话音的质量。

关键词：置乱可懂度序列话音存贮器存储器

Towards creep property improvement of selective laser melted Ni-based superalloy IN738LC

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journal of Materials science & Technology 2022年第17期112卷 301-314页

作者： H.Y.song M.C.Lam Y.Chen s.Wu P.D.Hodgson X.H.Wu Y.M.Zhu A.j.Huang Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing 15-17 Normanby RdNotting HillVIC 3168Australia Department for of Materials science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy 10 Innovation WalkClaytonVIC 3800Australia Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin UniversityVIC 3216Australia

Nickel-based superalloy IN738LC produced by selective laser melting(sLM)exhibits inferior hightemperature creep properties than its cast counterparts due to relatively smaller grain size,particularly for the plane normal to the building *** work studied effects of post heating strategy on the microstructure and especially the grain size to improve the high temperature creep *** asbuilt microstructure exhibited a fine grain size and large quantities of mc carbides that could effectively hinder grain *** was found that unconventional two-step heat treatments could lead to substantial grain growth,and the effect is particularly prominent at a specific *** ease of grain growth was explained after classifying the microstructural evolution(boundary carbide transformation)during each heating step and related to the reduced grain boundary pinning force from mc *** tests validated the effect of the new heat treatment scheme on the sLM-processed IN738LC at 850℃.An extended creep fracture life(1.5 to 4 times improvement)and lower secondary creep rates were achieved with samples subjected to the newly optimized two-step heat *** complete creep curves are also firstly presented for sLM-IN738LC,confirming the effectiveness of grain growth and highlighting the importance of dedicated heat treatment for sLM superalloys.

关键词： selective laser melting IN738LC alloy Creep properties Heat treatments Grain structure

特发性肺纤维化薄层CT特征与微CT及组织学分析的相关性

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国际医学放射学杂志 2017年第3期 350-351页

作者： C.Mai s.E.Verleden j.E.mc Donough s.Willems W.De Wever j.Coolen 刘会娜 Department of Radiology UZ Leuven

摘要目的探讨特发性肺纤维化(IPF)潜在的肺部变化所引起的CT特征,并进一步研究IPF随时间的形成过程和进展变化。材料与方法微CT检查采用移植后的肺组织进行,并将其与移植前即刻获得的CT资料进行1∶1相关。选定的组织块作为样本用于进一... 详细信息

摘要目的探讨特发性肺纤维化(IPF)潜在的肺部变化所引起的CT特征,并进一步研究IPF随时间的形成过程和进展变化。材料与方法微CT检查采用移植后的肺组织进行,并将其与移植前即刻获得的CT资料进行1∶1相关。选定的组织块作为样本用于进一步的组织学分析。结果 CT影像上无或微小异常的区域,在微CT检查中可以看到位于小叶间隔或其附近的小片密度增高。在更多的异常肺部区域可见高密度影数量增多、范围扩大并沿着小叶间隔相互接近,在

关键词：特发性肺纤维化 IPF CT

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提高柴油机燃料经济性和延长换油期

石油商技 2005年第2期23卷 15-17页

作者： j.A.mc Geehan W.Alexander Ⅲ M.C.Couch jr. j.Arutherford s.H.Roby

对车队而言,最关心的是如何降低车辆的运行费用,即在保证发动机使用性能的前提下,最大程度地提高燃料经济性和延长换油期。本研究结果表明,在1995年Caterpillar3406E和1996年Detriot60系列柴油发动机上使用由合成油调制的sAE5W/40和由AP... 详细信息

对车队而言,最关心的是如何降低车辆的运行费用,即在保证发动机使用性能的前提下,最大程度地提高燃料经济性和延长换油期。本研究结果表明,在1995年Caterpillar3406E和1996年Detriot60系列柴油发动机上使用由合成油调制的sAE5W/40和由APIⅡ类基础油调制的sAE15W/40,不论是燃料经济性还是发动机磨损,两者之间不存在统计意义上的差别。

关键词：燃料经济性换油期延长柴油机 1995年 1996年柴油发动机发动机磨损运行费用使用性能研究结果统计意义 sAE 合成油基础油 API 调制车辆