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Fetal Head Compression: Its Possible Role in Neurologic Injury

Open journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 124-143页

作者： Barry s. schifrin Brian j. Koos Wayne R. Cohen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Western University of Health Sciences Pomona USA The David Geffen school of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles USA The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson USA

It is widely assumed that fetal ischemic brain injury during labor derives almost exclusively from severe, systemic hypoxemia with marked neonatal depression and acidemia. severe asphyxia, however, is one of several causes of perinatal neurological injury and may not be the most common;most neonates diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy do not have evidence of severe asphyxia. sepsis, direct brain trauma, and drug or toxin exposure account for some cases, while mechanical forces of labor and delivery that increase fetal intracranial pressure sufficiently to impair brain perfusion may also contribute. Because of bony compliance and mobile suture lines, the fetal skull changes shape and redistributes cerebrospinal fluid during labor according to constraints imposed by contractions, and bony and soft tissue elements of the birth canal as the head descends. These accommodations, including the increase in intracranial pressure, are adaptive and necessary for efficient descent of the head while safeguarding cerebral blood flow. Autonomic reflexes mediated through central receptors normally provide ample protection of the brain from the considerable pressure exerted on the skull. On occasion, those forces, which are transmitted intracranially, may overcome the various adaptive anatomical, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological mechanisms that maintain cerebral perfusion and oxygen availability, resulting in ischemic brain injury. Accepting the notion of a potentially adverse impact of fetal head compression suggests that avoidance of excessive uterine activity and of relentless pushing without steady progress in descent may offer protection for the fetal brain during parturition. Excessive head compression should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ischemic encephalopathy.

关键词： Fetal Brain Injury Fetal Head Compression Ischemic Encephalopathy Neonatal Encephalopathy

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Harnessing naturally occurring mutations for T-cell therapy:a potential new avenue to enhance treatment efficacy

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1799-1801页

作者： Michael Hiltensperger jürgen Ruland Kilian schober Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie Immunologie und HygieneFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany TranslaTUM Center for Translational Cancer ResearchTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) HeidelbergGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site MunichMunichGermany FAU Profile Center Immunomedicine Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Garcia et *** a sophisticated approach to identify fitness-enhancing mutations for T cells that was inspired by cancer evolution.1 The identified CARD11-piK3R3 gene fusion enhanced tumor rejection and persistence of engineered T cells in multiple tumor models and might have the potential to improve efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapies in cancer patients.

关键词： cancer potential

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Laparoscopic management of remnant gall bladder with stones: Lessons from a tertiary care centre's experience

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic surgery 2024年第1期7卷 27-33页

作者： Gilbert samuel jebakumar jeevanandham Muthiah Loganathan jayapal R.santhosh Kumar siddhesh Tasgaonkar K.s.santhosh Anand j.K.A.jameel sudeepta Kumar swain K.j.Raghunath Prasanna Kumar Reddy Tirupporur Govindaswamy Balachandar Department of surgical Gastroenterology Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India Department of General surgery Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India Department of Minimal Access surgery Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India

Objective:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone *** its success,approximately 10%of patients may experience persistent biliary symptoms,leading to the post-cholecystectomy syndrome.A remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones is one of the causes of this *** objective of this study was to shed light on the clinical manifestations,evaluation,therapeutic strategies,and outcomes associated with laparoscopic management of symptomatic remnant ***:This was a retrospective study,conducted over a five-year period(january 2017 to December 2022)at Apollo Hospitals in south *** patients who underwent laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for a remnant gall bladder were *** following data were collected:patient demographics,symptoms,preoperative investigations,intraoperative details and post operative ***:In total,36 patients were included and *** majority of patients were male(25,69.4%),with a mean age of 50.7±12.1 *** most common presentation was pain in the upper abdomen or right upper quadrant region(24,66.7%).The laparoscopic approach was attempted in all patients,with a success rate of 94.4%.Two patients required conversion to open *** fistula to the colon was observed in one *** was observed in 7 patients(19.4%),and stone clearance was successfully achieved using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in all patients ***:Incomplete gall bladder removal either intentionally or unintentionally leaves a remnant gall bladder that is at risk for stone formation and *** who have this clinical entity with symptoms require a redo or complete cholecystectomy,a complex procedure associated with certain *** study highlights the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for the management of remnant gallbladder

关键词： Remnant gall bladder stump cholecystitis subtotal cholecystectomy Laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy

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Olympic Games and 24-hour movement behaviors:A match worth making

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journal of sport and Health science 2024年第6期13卷 728-731页

作者： Mark s.Tremblay Nicholas Kuzik Markus j.Duncan Diego Augusto santos silva CHEO Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Federal University of santa Catarina FlorianopolisSanta Catarina 88040-900Brazil

*** The Olympic motto,"Faster,Higher,stronger-Together",represents the pursuit of athletic excellence,united as a global community."Excellence,respect and friendship"are the Olympic *** the motto and values are multifaceted and holistic in nature,and all-encompassing in their reach while recognizing no single entity rises above the ***,these foundational statements anchor the Olympic movement in its quest to build a better world through sport.

关键词： movement Together pursuit

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QCD sum rule study of j^(P)=1^(±)exotic states with two heavy quarks in the molecular picture

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 31-37页

作者： T.M.Aliev s.Bilmis M.savcı Department of Physics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara06510Turkey

In this study,the spectroscopic parameters of exotic molecular states composed of mesons containing two heavy quarks(scalar-axial and pseudoscalar-axial meson combinations)are investigated within the QCD sum *** findings reveal that molecular states containing charm quarks do not form bound states,whereas states with b-quarks can form exotic molecular *** observation has significant implications for understanding the structure of these exotic states.

关键词： QCD sum rules exotic mesons molecular states

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Transforming layered 2D mats into multiphasic 3D nanofiber scaffolds with tailored gradient features for tissue regeneration

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BMEMat(BioMedical Engineering Materials) 2024年第1期2卷 160-179页

作者： s.M.shatil shahriar Navatha shree Polavoram syed Muntazir Andrabi Yajuan su Donghee Lee Huy Quang Tran samantha j.schindler jingwei Xie Department of surgery-Transplant and Mary&Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA

Multiphasic scaffolds with tailored gradient features hold significant promise for tissue regeneration applications. Herein, this work reports the transformation of two-dimensional (2D) layered fiber mats into three-dimensional (3D) multiphasic scaffolds using a ‘solids-of-revolution’ inspired gas-foaming expansion technology. These scaffolds feature precise control over fiber alignment, pore size, and regional structure. Manipulating nanofiber mat layers and Pluronic F127 concentrations allows further customization of pore size and fiber alignment within different scaffold regions. The cellular response to multiphasic scaffolds demonstrates that the number of cells migrated and proliferated onto the scaffolds is mainly dependent on the pore size rather than fiber alignment. In vivo subcutaneous implantation of multiphasic scaffolds to rats reveals substantial cell infiltration, neo tissue formation, collagen deposition, and new vessel formation within scaffolds, greatly surpassing the capabilities of traditional nanofiber mats. Histological examination indicates the importance of optimizing pore size and fiber alignment for the promotion of cell infiltration and tissue regeneration. Overall, these scaffolds have potential applications in tissue modeling, studying tissue-tissue interactions, interface tissue engineering, and highthroughput screening for optimized tissue regeneration.

关键词： expansion gradients multiphasic scaffolds nanofiber mats tissue regeneration

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study of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Titanium in Volume by the MEAM Method

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Modeling and Numerical simulation of Material science 2024年第1期14卷 58-68页

作者： Yahnn j. Mighensle Mimboui Alain s. Dzabana Honguelet Timothée Nsongo Faculty of science and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Research Group on Physical and Chemical Properties of Materials Brazzaville Congo Association Alpha sciences Beta Technologies Brazzaville Congo Geological and Mining Research Centre Brazzaville Congo

In this work we present the results of our study on the physical and mechanical properties of titanium in volume. The work consisted in determining its physical and mechanical properties under different crystallographic structures (HCP, FCC, BCC and sC) using the Modified Embedded Atom Method (MEAM) and the MEAM potential of titanium. We used the LAMMPs calculation code, based on classical molecular dynamics, to determine the most stable structure of titanium, which is the hexagonal compact structure (HCP) with crystal parameters a = 2.952 Å and c = 4.821 Å and a cohesion energy of -4.87 eV. This structure is seconded by the cubic centred structure (BCC) with a lattice parameter a = 3.274 Å and a cohesive energy of -4.84 eV. It was shown that titanium can crystallise into a third structure which is the face-centred cubic (FCC) structure with a lattice parameter a = 4.143 Å and a cohesive energy of -4.82 eV. The results obtained in this study were compared with the theoretical results and showed considerable agreement.

关键词： MEAM Potential LAMMPs Code Molecular Dynamics Elastic Constants Modules Ovito

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Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco j.Escaray Amelia Felipo-Benavent Cristian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** s factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

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Towards precision 24-hour movement behavior recommendations—The next new paradigm?

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journal of sport and Health science 2024年第6期13卷 743-748页

作者： Mark s.Tremblay Markus j.Duncan Nicholas Kuzik Diego Augusto santos silva Valerie Carson CHEO Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Federal University of santa Catarina Santa Catarina 88040900Brazil Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2H9Canada

*** The importance of physical activity(PA)for health is unequivocal.^(1)Accordingly,population-based recommendations for exercise,and more recently public health guidelines for PA,have been developed and released by authoritative groups for many decades.^(2)such guidelines emerged with leadership from the exercise physiology discipline and were rooted in,and loyal to,the importance of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA(MVPA)or exercise.

关键词： movement behavior exercise

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Biomaterials and emerging technologies for tissue engineering and in vitro models

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 237-239页

作者： j.Miguel Oliveira Rui L.Reis 3B’s Research Group I3Bs-Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVs/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

The latest advances in the field of biomaterials have opened new avenues for scientific breakthroughs in tissue engineer-ing which greatly contributed for the successful translation of tissue engineering products into the market/***-materials are easily processed to become similar to natural extracellular matrix,making them ideal temporary supports for mimicking the three-dimensional(3D)microenvironment required for maintaining the adequate cell/tissue functions both in vitro and in vivo^([1]).

关键词： breakthrough biomaterials engineer

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