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Epidemiological features of seasonal influenza transmission among 11 climate zones in Chinese mainland

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 27-41页

作者： Xiaohan si Liping Wang Kerrie Mengersen Wenbiao hu Ecosystem Change and Population Health Research Group School of Public Health and Social WorkQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4059Australia Information Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China school of Mathematical sciences Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

Background Previous studies provided some evidence of meteorological factors influence seasonal influenza transmission patterns varying across regions and latitudes. However, research on seasonal influenza activities based on climate zones are still in lack. This study aims to utilize the ecological-based Koppen Geiger climate zones classification system to compare the spatial and temporal epidemiological characteristics of seasonal influenza in Chinese mainland and assess the feasibility of developing an early warning *** Weekly influenza cases number from 2014 to 2019 at the county and city level were sourced from China National Notifiable Infectious Disease Report Information system. Epidemic temporal indices, time series seasonality decomposition, spatial modelling theories including Moran’s/ and local indicators of spatial association were applied to identify the spatial and temporal patterns of influenza *** All climate zones had peaks in Winter-spring season. Arid, desert, cold (BWk) showed up the first peak. Only Tropical, savannah (Aw) and Temperate, dry winter with hot summer (Cwa) zones had unique summer peak. Temperate, no dry season and hot summer (Cfa) zone had highest average incidence rate (IR) at 1.047/100,000. The Global Moran’s/ showed that average IR had significant clustered trend (z = 53.69,P s/ identified high-high cluster in Cfa and Cwa. IR differed among three age groups between climate zones (0-14 years old:F = 26.80,P s old:F = 25.04,P s old:F = 5.27,P s had highest average IR in Cwa and Cfa (IR= 6.23 and 6.21) with unique dual peaks in winter and spring season showed by seasonality *** seasonal influenza exhibited distinct spatial and temporal patterns in different climate zones. seasonal influenza primarily emerged in BWk, subsequently in Cfa and Cwa. Cfa, Cwa and Bsk pose high risk for seasonal

关键词： seasonal influenza Koppen Geiger climate zones classification system Chinese mainland seasonality decomposition Local indicators of spatial association

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Phosphorylation of PB2 at serine 181 restricts viral replication and virulence of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in mice

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Virologica sinica 2024年第1期39卷 97-112页

作者： jiao hu Zixiong Zeng Xia Chen Manyu Zhang Zenglei hu Min Gu Xiaoquan Wang Ruyi Gao shunlin hu Yu Chen Xiaowen Liu Daxin Peng Xiufan Liu Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory School of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou University225009China jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors(Animal Origin)for Agri-food safety and Quality Ministry of Agriculture of China(26116120)Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

Influenza A virus(IAV)continues to pose a pandemic threat to public health,resulting a high mortality rate annually and during pandemic *** modification of viral protein plays a substantial role in regulating IAV ***,based on immunoprecipitation(IP)-based mass spectrometry(Ms)and purified virus-coupled Ms,a total of 89 phosphorylation sites distributed among 10 encoded viral proteins of IAV were identified,including 60 novel phosphorylation ***,for the first time,we provide evidence that PB2 can also be acetylated at site ***,the PB2 s181 phosphorylation site was consistently identified in both IP-based Ms and purified virus-based *** s181 and K187 are exposed on the surface of the PB2 protein and are highly conserved in various IAV strains,suggesting their fundamental importance in the IAV life *** analysis results demonstrated that s181E/A and K187Q/R mimic mutations do not significantly alter the PB2 protein *** continuous phosphorylation mimicked by the PB2 s181E mutation substantially decreases viral fitness in mice,PB2 K187Q mimetic acetylation slightly enhances viral virulence in ***,PB2 s181E substantially impairs viral polymerase activity and viral replication,remarkably dampens protein stability and nuclear accumulation of PB2,and significantly weakens IAV-induced inflammatory ***,our study further enriches the database of phosphorylation and acetylation sites of influenza viral proteins,laying a foundation for subsequent mechanistic ***,the unraveled antiviral effect of PB2 s181E mimetic phosphorylation may provide a new target for the subsequent study of antiviral drugs.

关键词： H5N1 influenza virus PB2 Phosphorylation Acetylation Viral fitness Mice

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Ferromagnetism and insulating behavior with a logarithmic temperature dependence of resistivity in Pb_(10-x)Cux(PO_(4))_(6)O

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 106-111页

作者： Yuhang Zhang Cong Liu Xiyu Zhu Hai-hu Wen Center for superconducting Physics and Materials National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of PhysicsNational Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Recent claim of discovering above-room-temperature superconductivity(Tc≈400 K)at ambient pressure in copper doped apatite Pb10(PO_(4))_(6)O has stimulated world-wide enthusiasm and impulse of motion.A lot of follow-up works have been carried out with controversial *** check whether superconductivity is really present or absent in the material,we need samples which should have a rather pure phase of Pb_(10-x)Cux(PO_(4))_(6)*** we report the characterization results from the Pb_(10-x)Cux(PO_(4))_(6)O with a fraction of about 97 wt.%inferred from the fitting to the X-ray diffraction pattern,if assuming Cu2s as the only *** resistivity measurements show that it is a semiconductor characterized roughly by a ln(1/T)temperature dependence in wide temperature region without trace of *** measurements show that it has a general ferromagnetic signal with a weak superparamagnetic *** grains of the sample show clear interactions with a Nb Fe B *** detected Cu concentration is much lower than the expected nominal *** results show the absence of metallicity and superconductivity in Pb_(10-x)Cux(PO_(4))_(6)O at ambient pressure,and suggest the presence of strong correlation effect.

关键词： superconductivity Pb10(PO4)6O ferromagnetic correlation effect

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A Quasi-Linear Relationship between Planetary Outgoing Longwave Radiation and surface Temperature in a Radiative-Convective-Transportive Climate Model of a Gray Atmosphere

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第1期41卷 8-18页

作者： jie sUN Michael sECOR Ming CAI Xiaoming hu Department of Earth Oceanand Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32304USA school of Atmospheric sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster studies Zhuhai 519082China

In this study,we put forward a radiative-convective-transportive energy balance model of a gray atmosphere to examine individual roles of the greenhouse effect of water vapor,vertical convection,and atmospheric poleward energy transport as well as their combined effects for a quasi-linear relationship between the outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)and surface temperature(T_(s)).The greenhouse effect of water vapor enhances the meridional gradient of surface temperature,thereby directly contributing to a quasi-linear OLR-T_(s) *** atmospheric poleward energy transport decreases the meridional gradient of surface *** a result of the poleward energy transport,tropical(high-latitude)atmosphere-surface columns emit less(more)OLR than the solar energy input at their respective locations,causing a substantial reduction of the meridional gradient of the *** combined effect of reducing the meridional gradients of both OLR and surface temperature by the poleward energy transport also contributes to the quasi-linear OLR-T_(s) *** convective energy transport reduces the meridional gradient of surface temperature without affecting the meridional gradient of OLR,thereby suppressing part of the reduction to the increasing rate of OLR with surface temperature by the greenhouse effect of water vapor and poleward energy *** of the nature of the energy balance in the climate system,such a quasi-linear relationship is also a good approximation for the relationship between the annual-mean net downward solar energy flux at the top of the atmosphere and surface temperature.

关键词： outgoing longwave radiation greenhouse effect poleward energy transport

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Energy-efficient reconfigurable processor for QC-LDPC via adaptive coding-voltage-frequency tuning

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The journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 72-84页

作者： Chang Libo hu Yiqing Du huimin Wang jihe school of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China school of Computer science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

To apply a quasi-cyclic low density parity check(QC-LDPC)to different scenarios,a data-stream driven pipelined macro instruction set and a reconfigurable processor architecture are proposed for the typical QC-LDPC *** data-level parallelism is improved by instructions to dynamically configure the multi-core computing ***,an intelligent adjustment strategy based on a programmable wake-up controller(WuC)is designed so that the computing mode,operating voltage,and frequency of the QC-LDPC algorithm can be *** adjustment can improve the computing efficiency of the *** QC-LDPC processors are verified on the Xilinx ZCU102 field programmable gate array(FPGA)board and the computing efficiency is *** experimental results indicate that the QC-LDPC processor can support two encoding lengths of three typical QC-LDPC algorithms and 20 adaptive operating modes of operating voltage and *** maximum efficiency can reach up to 12.18 Gbit/(s·W),which is more flexible than existing state-of-the-art processors for QC-LDPC.

关键词： quasi-cyclic low density parity check(QC-LDPC) dynamic voltage and frequency scaling(DVFs) reconfigurable computing coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays(CGRAs)

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Attribution of Biases of Interhemispheric Temperature Contrast in CMIP6 Models

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第2期41卷 325-340页

作者： shiyan ZHANG Yongyun hu jiankai ZHANG Yan XIA Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Atmospheric sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China school of systems science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

One of the basic characteristics of Earth's modern climate is that the Northern Hemisphere(NH) is climatologically warmer than the southern Hemisphere(sH). Here, model performances of this basic state are examined using simulation results from 26 CMIP6 models. Results show that the CMIP6 models underestimate the contrast in interhemispheric surface temperatures on average(0.8 K for CMIP6 mean versus 1.4 K for reanalysis data mean), and that there is a large intermodel spread, ranging from -0.7 K to 2.3 K. A box model energy budget analysis shows that the contrast in interhemispheric shortwave absorption at the top of the atmosphere, the contrast in interhemispheric greenhouse trapping, and the crossequatorial northward ocean heat transport, are all underestimated in the multimodel mean. By examining the intermodel spread, we find intermodel biases can be tracked back to biases in midlatitude shortwave cloud forcing in AGCMs. Models with a weaker interhemispheric temperature contrast underestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the sH but overestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the NH, which are respectively due to underestimation of the cloud fraction over the sH extratropical ocean and overestimation of the cloud liquid water content over the NH extratropical *** that underestimate the interhemispheric temperature contrast exhibit larger double ITCZ biases, characterized by excessive precipitation in the sH tropics. Although this intermodel spread does not account for the multimodel ensemble mean biases, it highlights that improving cloud simulation in AGCMs is essential for simulating the climate realistically in coupled models.

关键词： interhemispheric temperature contrast energy balance shortwave cloud forcing ITCZ CMIP6 AGCM

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Crust and Upper Mantle Density structures beneath the Eastern Tianshan Region and Its Tectonic Implications

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journal of Earth science 2024年第3期35卷 828-838页

作者： Yiming Liu Chao Chen Qing Liang Zhengwang hu hubei subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The deformation mechanisms of the Tianshan orogenic belt(TOB)are one of the most important unresolved issues in the collision of the Indian and Eurasian *** better understand the lithospheric deformation of the eastern Tianshan orogenic belt,we combined the s-wave tomography and gravity data to develop a three-dimensional(3D)density model of the crust and upper mantle beneath the eastern Tianshan *** show that the crust of the eastern Tianshan is mainly characterized by positive density anomalies,revealing widespread subduction-related magmatism during the *** however have also observed extensive low-density anomalies beneath the eastern Tianshan at depths deeper than~100 km,which is likely linked to a relatively hot *** most fundamental differences of the lithosphere within the eastern Tianshan occur in the uppermost *** uppermost mantle layers in the Bogda shan and Harlik shan are relatively *** is likely associated with an eclogite body in the uppermost *** most significant negative anomaly of the uppermost mantle is however found in the jueluotage tectonic belt and the central Tianshan Block and is possibly associated with depleted mantle *** suggest that these differences related to compositional changes may control the strength of the lithospheric mantle and have affected the uplift of the northern and southern segments of the eastern Tianshan after the Permian.

关键词： constrained inversion gravity anomaly three-dimensional lithospheric density structure eastern Tianshan geodynamics geophysics.

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Active self-training for weakly supervised 3D scene semantic segmentation

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第3期10卷 425-438页

作者： Gengxin Liu Oliver van Kaick hui huang Ruizhen hu College of Computer science&software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China school of Computer science Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada

since the preparation of labeled datafor training semantic segmentation networks of pointclouds is a time-consuming process, weakly supervisedapproaches have been introduced to learn fromonly a small fraction of data. These methods aretypically based on learning with contrastive losses whileautomatically deriving per-point pseudo-labels from asparse set of user-annotated labels. In this paper, ourkey observation is that the selection of which samplesto annotate is as important as how these samplesare used for training. Thus, we introduce a methodfor weakly supervised segmentation of 3D scenes thatcombines self-training with active learning. Activelearning selects points for annotation that are likelyto result in improvements to the trained model, whileself-training makes efficient use of the user-providedlabels for learning the model. We demonstrate thatour approach leads to an effective method that providesimprovements in scene segmentation over previouswork and baselines, while requiring only a few userannotations.

关键词： semantic segmentation weakly supervised self-training active learning

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strong invariance principle for a counterbalanced random walk

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Applied Mathematics(A journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 370-380页

作者： TAN hui-qun hu Zhi-shui DONG Liang International Institute of Finance School of ManagementUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Center for Basic Teaching and Experiment Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyJiangyin 214443China

We study a counterbalanced random walks_(n)=X_(1)+…+X_(n),which is a discrete time non-Markovian process andX_(n) are given recursively as *** n≥2,X_(n) is a new independent sample from some fixed law̸=0 with a fixed probability p,andX_(n)=−X_(v(n))with probability 1−p,where v(n)is a uniform random variable on{1;…;n−1}.We apply martingale method to obtain a strong invariance principle fors_(n).

关键词： random walk martingale invariance principle

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Resveratrol combats chronic diseases through enhancing mitochondrial quality

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Food science and human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 597-610页

作者： Weichu Tao hu Zhang Xia jiang Ning Chen Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and MonitoringCollege of Sports MedicineWuhan Sports UniversityWuhan 430079China The University Hospital of Wuhan sports University Wuhan 430079China

Resveratrol(RsV),as a functional food component extracted from natural plants,has been widely studied and recognized in preventing and treating various diseases,with major mechanisms including executing anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation functions,and improving mitochondrial *** diseases as non-communicable diseases are mainly caused by multiple factors,such as physiological decline and dysfunction in the body,and have become a significant challenge on public health *** is worth noting that chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease(PD),muscle atrophy,cardiovascular disease,obesity,and cancer are accompanied by abnormal mitochondrial ***,targeted regulation of mitochondria may be a meaningful way to prevent and treat chronic *** evidence has confirmed that RsV is actively involved in regulating mitochondria,and it has become an essential consideration to prevent and treat chronic diseases through targeting mitochondria and improving corresponding *** this article,current studies on RsV to optimize mitochondrial quality for preventing and alleviating chronic disease are systematically summarized,which can provide a theoretical reference for the development of functional foods or drugs to combat chronic diseases.

关键词： Resveratrol Functional food Mitochondrial quality Chronic disease Anti-inflammation Anti-oxidation

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