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Variation of sulfate aerosol concentrations over the western Pacific and their effect on clouds, radiation and precipitation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第4期12卷 521-534页

作者： F.Parungo j.rosinski M.L.C.Wu C.T.Nagamoto Air Resources Laboratory NOAA/ERL Boulder CO U.S.ANational Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO U.S.AGoddard Space Flight Center NASA Greenbelt MD U.S.AAir Resources Laboratory NOAA/ERL Boulder CO U.S.A

Under bilateral cooperation between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China, a series of research cruises were conducted over the western Pacific Ocean. It was found that a) the non-sea-salt sulfate aerosol particles are the major source of cloud condensation nuclei, b) the population of clouds and the total albedo are proportional to the concentration of condensation nuclei and consequently to the concentration of the non-sea-salt aerosol particles, and c) the amount of rainfall is inversely proportional to the concentration of non-sea-salt sulfate aerosol particles. It seems that anthropogenic sulfate aerosol particles affect the regional planetary albedo and climate and that the contribution from biogenically derived sulfate aerosol particles is of lesser importance.

关键词： data Variation of sulfate aerosol concentrations over the western Pacific and their effect on clouds radiation and precipitation over

ON ICE FORMING NUCLEI

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1991年第4期5卷 497-513页

作者： j.rosinski P.L.Haagenson C.T.Nngamoto G.Morgan National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration BoulderColorado 80303USA Ente Regionale per 1o Svilluppo dell' Agricoltura GoriziaItaly

Cloud condensation nuclei(CCN)constitute a reservoir of latent ice-forming nuclei(IFN)active by conden sation-followed-by-freezing and by *** classes of aerosol particles active as IFN by sorption were *** first produces IFN concentrations which are dependent on temperature *** IFN concen- tration consecutively increases with lowering of temperature and does not respond to the increasing partial water vapor *** second produces IFN concentrations which are dependent on partial water vapor pressure only,The IFN concentration consecutively decreases with decreasing of the partial water vapor pres- sure that takes place with the lowering temperature. Sulfates(mostly ammonium sulfate)constitute an integral part of IFN active by condensation-followed-by- freezing and by *** isentropic air parcel trajectories linked polluted air rich in sulfates and clean air with high and low concentrations of IFN active by condensation-followed-by-freezing at-19.7℃ and S_w=0.1%. The experiments were performed in a dynamic filter processing chamber with aerosol particles collected on membrane filters.

关键词： cloud condensation nuclei sorption ice-forming nuclei ice-forming nuclei active by condensation-followed-by-freezing

HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN RAIN WATER

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1998年第3期12卷 382-384页

作者： j.rosinski G.Mancini C.T.Nagamoto F.Prodi Instituto per lo Studio dei Fenomeni della Bassa ed Alta Atmosfera-Centro Nazionale della Ricerche BolognaItaly(FISBAT) Air Resources Laboratory NOAA/ERLBoulderColorado Instituto per lo Studio dei Fenomeni della Bassa ed Alta Atmosfera-Centro Nazionale della Rieerche BolognaItaly(FISBAT)

Continuous measurements of pH precipitation falling from cumulus clouds in semi-arid region (Colorado,USA),and in wet temperate zone(Bologna,Italy)were *** Colorado the pH was constant at 7.3 for a period of time,and later changed to 7.0 and remained constant at this value during the remainder of the *** Italy the pH fluctuated continuously between the approximate values of 5.7 and 6.4 during the *** changes in hydrogen ion concentration reflect the chemical composition of cloud condensation nuclei and of scavenged aerosol particles and gases presented in the region.

关键词： hydrogen ion concentration pH value precipitation aerosols

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher j.O’Connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Myotropic activity and immunolocalization of selected neuropeptides of the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides (Coleoptera: Silphidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 656-670页

作者： Arkadiusz Urbanski jan Lubawy Pawel Marciniak Grzegorz rosinski Faculty of Biology Department of Animal Physiology and Development Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan Poznan Poland

Burying beetles (Nicrophorus sp.) are necrophagous insects with developed parental care. Genome of Nicrophorus vespilloides has been recently sequenced, which makes them interesting model organism in behavioral ecology. However, we know very little about their physiology, including the functioning of their neuroendocrine system. In this study, one of the physiological activities of proctolin, myosuppressin (Nieve? MS), myoinhibitory peptide (Trica-MIP-5) and the short neuropeptide F (Nicve-sNPF) in N. vespilloides have been investigated. The tested neuropeptides were myoactive on N. vespilloides hindgut. After application of the proctolin increased hindgut contraction frequency was observed (EC50 value was 5.47 x 10-8 mol/L). The other tested neuropeptides led to inhibition of N. vespilloides hindgut contractions (Nicve-MS: IC50 = 5.20 x 10~5 mol/L;Trica-MIP-5: IC50 = 5.95 x 10-6 mol/L;Nicvc-sNPF: IC50 = 4.08 x 10-5 mol/L). Moreover, the tested neuropeptides were immunolocalized in the nervous system of N. vespilloides. Neurons containing sNPF and MIP in brain and ventral nerve cord (VNC) were identified. Proctolin-immunolabeled neurons only in VNC were observed. Moreover, MIP-immunolabeled varicosities and fibers in retrocerebral complex were observed. In addition, our results have been supplemented with alignments of amino acid sequences of these neuropeptides in beetle species. This alignment analysis clearly showed amino acid sequence similarities between neuropeptides. Moreover, this allowed to deduce amino acid sequence of N. vespilloides proctolin (RYLPTa), Nicve-MS (QDVDHVFLRFa) and six isoforms ofNicve-MIP (Nicve-MIP-1一 DWNRNLHSWa;Nicve-MIP-2—AWQNLQGGWa;Nicve-MIP-3—AWQNLQGGWa;Nicve-MlP-4—AWKNLNNAGWa;Nicve-MIP-5—SEWGNFRGSWa;Nicve-MIP-6— DPAWTNLKGIWa;and Nicve-sNPF—SGRSPSLRLRFa).

关键词： burying beetles immunolocalization myotropic activity neuropeptides nervous system

Peptide actions on oviduct contractions in the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 160-165页

作者： Grzegorz rosinski Ignacy Korczynski Malgorzata Slocinska Robert Kuzminski Department of Animal Physiology and Development Poznen University Poznan Department of Forest Entomology Agricultural University of Poznan Poznan Poland

The peptides proctolin, crustacean cardioactive peptide （CCAP） and FMRFamide, which are known to modulate insect muscle contractions, were assayed for their action on oviduct contractions in Hylobius abietis. A video microscopy technique and computer-based method of data acquisition and analysis were used to investigate the effects of theses peptides on spontaneous contractions of continuously perfused oviducts. All three peptides tested stimulate spontaneous contraction activity of the pine weevil oviduct, increasing the frequency and amplitude of phasic contractions in a dose-dependent manner. Proctolin is more potent as a stimulator than CCAR For proctolin a threshold response of oviduct muscles is at concentration of peptide 10-11-10^-10mol/L and for CCAP at concentration range 10-10-10-9 mol/L. FMRFamide exerts a weak stimulatory effect on the oviduct, and at higher concentrations of the peptide （above 10.8 mol/L）. The peptides exert different responses on oviduct contractions and they may play a role as functional regulators in such processes as egg movement and oviposition.

关键词： crustacean cardioactive peptide FMRFamide Hylobius abietis oviductcontraction proctolin

Impact of cold on the immune system of burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides （Coleoptera： Silphidae）

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 443-454页

作者： Arkadiusz Urbanski Elzbieta Czarniewska Edward Baraniak Grzegorz rosinski Department of Systematic Zoology Department of Animal Physiology and Development Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland

Insect overwintering is one of the most astonishing phases of the insect life cycle. Despite vast amounts of knowledge available about the physiological mechanisms of this phenomenon, the impact of stress factors on insect immune system functioning during the winter is still unknown. The aim of this study is to analyze how low temperatures influence the immune system of the beetle Nic＇rophorus vespilloides. The results show that the beetle＇s immune system is differently modulated by cold induced in laboratory settings than that which occurs in natural conditions, Among beetles cultured in conditions similar to summer, low temperatures, did not influence the number of circulating haemocytes, phenoloxidase activity, haemocytes morphology, and percentage ratio of haemocyte types. In these beetles, differences were noted only in the ability of haemocytes to perform phagocytosis. Individuals acclimated in natural conditions in autumn had a higher level of humoral response and a different percentage ratio of haemocyte types. During the winter period, the number of haemocytes in the beetles decreased, but the percentage ratio of phagocytic haemocytes increased. Furthermore, we noted an increase of phenoloxidase activity. Our study also showed mitotic divisions ofhaemocytes in haemolymph collected from burying beetles after cold exposure and from burying beetles collected from natural conditions during autumn and winter. Differences in response to low temperatures in laboratory conditions and the natural environment suggest that the simultaneous presence of other stress factors during winter such as desiccation and starvation have a significant influence on the activity of burying beetle＇s immune system.

关键词： burying beetles cold immune system overwintering phagocytosisphenoloxidase

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown Rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

The analysis of the operational process of a complex fire alarm system used in transport facilities

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Building Simulation 2022年第4期15卷 615-629页

作者： jacek Pas Tomasz Klimczak Adam rosinski Marek Stawowy Military University of Technology Faculty of Electronic Institute of Electronic SystemsDivision of Electronic Systems Exploitationsul.gen.S.Kaliskiego 200-908 WarsawPoland The Main School of Fire Service ul.Juliusza Stowackiego 52/5401-629 WarsawPoland Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of TransportDepartment of Telecommunications in Transportul.Koszykowa 7500-662 WarsawPoland

A fire alarm system(FAS)is a system comprising signalling-alarm devices,which automatically detect and transmit information about fire,but also receivers of fire alarms and receivers for damage *** alarm systems function in different environmental *** operation they should be in state of *** is determined by the reliability of the assembled units and rational management of the operation *** a reliability and operational analysis of fire alarm systems as a whole is *** article presents an authorial model and an operational and reliability analysis of FAS,which is exploited in a transport *** also demonstrates relationships occurring in the analysed system,where to an addressable fire alarm central unit with detection loops and control-monitoring loops alarm device lines(with monitored relay outputs for actuation of alarm-signalling devices)were *** and analysis of results for representative FAS,which were exploited in similar environmental conditions,were conducted in order to determine operational and reliability parameters of the investigated *** computer simulation was run during the time t=1 year of safety system *** led to the calculation of the probability value of the analysed FAS staying in the examined operational states.

关键词： modelling reliability operation fire alarm systems(FAS) simulation