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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua jo jonggeol Na j.jay Liu Young-ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University resources Engineering Plant research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USrDSCHArDOLLAr3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： Carla S.Sousa Andreia Monteiro António j.Salgado Nuno A.Silva Life and Health Sciences research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

Spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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Calcite twinning strain variations across the Proterozoic Grenville orogen and Keweenaw-Kapuskasing inverted foreland,USA and Canada

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第6期8卷 1357-1384页

作者： john P.Craddock Suzanne D.Craddock Alex Konstantinou Andrew r.C.Kylander-Clark David H.malone Geology Department Macalester CollegeSt.PaulMN 55105USA School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA Cyprus Hydrocarbons Company NicosiaCyprus Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of Geography-Geology Illinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790-4400USA

We report the calcite twinning strain results of a traverse across the Grenville orogen from Parry Sound,Ontario(NW)to ***,New York(SE),including the younger,adjacent Ordovician Taconic *** four carbonates(marbles,calcite veins,Ordovician limestone)were collected resulting in 68 strain analyses on mechanically twinned calcite(n=2337 grains)across the Central Gneiss Belt(CGB;3 samples),the Central Metasedimentary Belt(CMB;27 samples),the Central Granulite Terrane(CGT;Adirondack's;13 samples)and the Ottawan Orogenic Lid(OOL;11 samples).Twinning strains in the greenschist-grade OOL marbles preserve N-S shortening and U-Pb titanite ages(~1150 Ma;n=4)document these marbles formed during the Shawinigan(1190-1140 Ma)part of the Grenville *** northwest to southeast,the Ottawan(1095-1020 Ma)twinning strain is dominantly a layerparallel shortening fabric oriented N-S(Parry Sound),then becomes parallel to the Grenville thrust direction(NW-SE)across the CMB to the Adirondack Highlands where the sub-horizontal shortening strain becomes margin-parallel(SW-NE).Within the regional sample suite there are two areas studied in detail,the Bancroft shear zone(n=11)and a roadcut on the southeast side of the Adirondack Mountains(***,NY;n=8).Marbles from the Bancroft shear zone contain calcite grains with 2 sets of twin lamellae(e_1 and e_2).The better-developed e_1 sets(n=406)record a horizontal fabric oriented NW-SE whereas the younger e_2 lamellae(n=146)preserve a margin-parallel(SW-NE)horizontal *** the e_1 and e_2 strains record an overprint vertical shortening strain(NEV),perhaps related to extensional orogenic *** also report an Ottawan orogen-aged granoblastic mylonite(1093 Ma,U-Pb zircon;1102 Ma Ar-Ar biotite)in the Keweenaw thrust hanging wall 500 km inboard of the Grenville front and interpret the relations of Grenville-Keweenaw far-field dynamics.

关键词： Orogenic belts Strain Proterozoic

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen robert j.Thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael j.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal j.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks risset Silvera Alexander j.P.Goldschmidt Damien D.Pearse W.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi james D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional rating Scale-revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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responses of 9 lepidopteran species to Bacillus thuringiensis： How useful is phylogenetic relatedness for selecting surrogate species for nontarget arthropod risk assessment？

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 803-812页

作者： Elisabeth P. j. Burgess Emma I. Barraclough Aliesha M. Kean Ngaire P. Markwick Louise A. malone The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food research Ltd Private Bag 92 169 Auckland 1142 New Zealand

To evaluate phylogenetic relatedness as a proxy for susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） when selecting species to act as surrogates for others in prerelease test- ing, we examined the responses of 11 laboratory-reared lepidopteran colonies, comprising members of 2 families, 5 genera, and 9 species, to a commercial Bt preparation. Sur- vival, pupal mass, and timing of pupation and adult emergence of 2 noctuids （Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera） and 7 tortricids （Cnephasia jactatana, Ctenopseustis obliquana, Ctenopseustis herana, Planotortrix octo, Planotortrix notophaea, Planotor- trix excessana [2 different laboratory colonies], and Epiphyas postvittana [2 colonies]） were examined after feeding first instar larvae with artificial diet containing 5 μL/100 mL Dipel ES （Bt subsp, kurstaki）. Bt caused significant larval mortality in all species except S. litura, in which only pupation was delayed compared with untreated controls. Neither of the noctuid species tested would act as a suitable surrogate for the other in tests of Bt impacts on survival. With the exception of the 2 colonies orE. postvittana, which differed from each other not only in their responses to Bt but also in their development times when not treated with Bt, species within each tortricid genus had similar responses to Bt and thus could act as surrogates for each other. Members of different genera within this family could represent each other only if relatively coarse measurement endpoints （e.g., toxic or not） were considered adequate for assessing risks to nontarget species in the field.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp, kurstaki Lepidoptera Noctuidae nontar-get impacts risk assessment Tortricidae

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Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William j.Flerlage Mark L.Dell’Acqua Brian M.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

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Two distinct Paleozoic metamorphic events in the Tarim-North China Collage

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National Science review 2023年第2期10卷 7-8页

作者： jérémie Soldner State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science

The Central Asian Or ogenic Belt(CAOB) [1],which includes the Altaids in Central and Northern Asia [2],is the largest accretionary orogen formed during the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and the Panthalassa Ocean in the period of the Late Proterozoic to Late Paleozoic [3].Closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean is attributed to the northward drift of the North China and Tarim cratons leading to the massive shortening and oroclinal buckling of the CAOB accretionary system in the Permian [4].

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Harnessing artificial intelligence for identifying conflicts of interest in research

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World journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 6-8页

作者： Abdulqadir j Nashwan Department of Nursing&Midwifery research Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

This editorial explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence(AI)in identifying conflicts of interest(COIs)within academic and scientific *** harnessing advanced data analysis,pattern recognition,and natural language processing techniques,AI offers innovative solutions for enhancing transparency and integrity in *** editorial discusses how AI can automatically detect COIs,integrate data from various sources,and streamline reporting processes,thereby maintaining the credibility of scientific findings.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Conflicts of interest Transparency research integrity Natural language processing

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