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Supplementing oat hulls to the diet of suckling piglets altered their intestinal tract and colonic microbiota development

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 284-296页

作者： Hubèrt M.j.van Hees Koen Chiers Leo A.den hartog Theo A.T.G.van Kempen Dominiek Maes Sam Millet Geert P.j.janssens Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Trouw Nutrition research and Development Amersfoortthe Netherlands Department of Pathology Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Animal Nutrition Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of reproduction Obstetrics and Herd HealthGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium ILVO(Flanders research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food)MelleBelgium

Current study evaluated the effect of a fine and coarsely ground insoluble dietary fibre source on the gastrointestinal development of suckling *** hulls(OH)were selected as a model feedstuff,rich in cellulose,lignin,and insoluble dietary *** experimental supplemental diets were formulated:a finely ground,low fibre and nutrient dense diet served as control(CON).For the 2 high fibre diets,15%heat-treated starch in CON was exchanged with OH,either finely(OH-f)or coarsely ground(OH-c).Litters of 10 primi-and multiparous sows(mean litter size 14.6±0.84)were *** a litter,experimental diets were allotted to triplets of 4 *** approximately 12 d of age,piglets’individual feed intakes were recorded 2 times per day when separated from their dam for 70 *** could suckle with their dam for the remainder of the *** d 24 and 25,from the total pool of 120 piglets,seven healthy well-eating piglets per treatment were selected for post-mortem evaluation,resulting in 14 replicates per *** of OH-c and OH-f did not impede clinical health and production performance of *** full stomach weights tended to be greater for OH-c compared to OH-f whereas CON was intermediate(P=0.083).Supplementing OH significantly increased ileal villus height and caecal dry matter concentration(Pr the colon,OH increased its length,contents weight,short-chain fatty acid concentration and reduced total bacterial count as well asγ-proteobacteria count and proportion(Preatment specifically increased full gastrointestinal tract weight and caecum contents weight compared to piglets fed CON and ***,OH-c reduced colonic crypt depth when compared to OH-f(P=0.018).In conclusion,supplementing OH to a diet for suckling piglets exerted subtle developmental effects on gastrointestinal morphology and colonic microbial *** effects were largely independent from the particle size of the OH.

关键词： Oat hull Insoluble fibre Gastrointestinal development Suckling piglet

Dietary fibre enrichment of supplemental feed modulates the development of the intestinal tract in suckling piglets

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 183-193页

作者： H.M.j.Van Hees M.Davids D.Maes S.Millet S.Possemiers L.A.den hartog T.A.T.G.van Kempen G.P.j.janssens Department of Nutrition Genetics and EthologyGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium research and Development Trouw NutritionAmersfoortThe Netherlands Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Amsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of reproduction Obstetrics and Herd HealthGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium ILVO Eenheid DierMelleBelgium BioActor MaastrichtThe Netherlands Animal Nutrition Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands North Carolina State University RaleighNCUSA.

Background:Commercial pre-weaning diets are formulated to be highly digestible and nutrient-dense and contain low levels of dietary *** contrast,pigs in a natural setting are manipulating fibre-rich plant material from a young ***,dietary fibre affects gastrointestinal tract(GIT)development and health in older *** hypothesised that supplemental diets that contain vegetal fibres are accelerating GIT development in suckling piglets in terms of size and *** d 2 of life,sow-suckled piglets had access to a low fibre diet(CON),a diet with a fermentable long-chain arabinoxylan(lc-AXOS),a diet with a largely non-fermentable purified cellulose(CELL),or a diet containing both *** the initial 2 weeks,the control diet was a high-density milk replacer,followed by a dry and highly digestible creep *** weaning at 25 d,15 piglets from each treatment group,identified as eaters and originating from six or seven litters,were sacrificed for post-mortem examination of GIT morphology,small intestinal permeability and metabolic profile of the *** microbiota composition of the mid-colon was evaluated in a sub-set of ten ***:No major statistical interactions between the fibre sources were *** consumed the fibrecontaining milk supplements and creep diets *** size and small intestinal permeability was not *** intestinal fill was increased with lc-AXOS only,while relative large intestinal weight was increased with both fibre sources(Preased ileal pH and tended to increase ileal DM content compared to CON(Preover,the concentration of volatile fatty acids was increased in the caecum(Propionate(Probiota composition showed a high individual variation and limited dietary ***,CELL induced minor shifts in specific genera,with notable reductions of Escherichia-Sh

关键词： Dietary fibre Gut maturation Gut microbiota Suckling piglets

On tolerability and safety of a maintenance treatment with 6-thioguanine in azathioprineor 6-mercaptopurine intolerant IBD patients

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5540-5544页

作者： Nanne KH de Boer Luc jj Derijks Lennard PL Gilissen Daniel W Hommes Leopold GjB Engels Sybrand Y de Boer Gijsbertus den hartog Piet M Hooymans Anja BU M(?)kelburg Barend D Westerveld Anton Hj Naber Chris jj Mulder Dirk j de jong Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Clinical Pharmacy Maxima Medical Centre Veldhoven The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Academic Hospital Maastricht The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maasland Hospital Sittard The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology rijnstate Hospital Arnhem The Netherlands Department of Clinical Pharmacy Maasland Hospital Sittard The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Isala Clinics Location Sophia Zwolle The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre The Netherlands

AIM: To determine the tolerability and safety profile of a low-dose maintenance therapy with 6-TG in azathioprine (AZA) or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) intolerant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients over a treatment period of at least 1 ***: Database ***: Twenty out of ninety-five (21%) patients discontinued 6-TG (mean dose 24.6 mg; mean 6-TGN level 540 pmol/8×108 rBC) within 1 year. reasons for discontinuation were GI complaints (31%), malaise (15%)and hepatotoxicity (15%). Hematological events occurred in three patients, one discontinued treatment. In the 6-TG-tolerant group, 9% (7/75) could be classified as hepatotoxicity. An abdominal ultrasound was performed in 54% of patients, one patient had ***: The majority of AZA or 6-MP-intolerant IBD patients (79%) is able to tolerate maintenance treatment with 6-TG (dosages between 0.3 and 0.4 mg/kg per d). 6-TG may still be considered as an escape maintenance immunosuppressant in this difficult to treat group of patients, taking into account potential toxicity and efficacy of other alternatives. The recently reported hepatotoxicity is worrisome and 6-TG should therefore be administered only in prospective trials.

关键词： 6-Thioguanine Azathioprine 6-Mercaptopurine Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Side effects Tolerance Safety

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医院中保健与疾病行为的文化问题

国外医学(医院管理分册) 1986年第2期 6-8页

作者： j hartog 李春德

卫生保健的态度能反映基本的世界观和文化标准,如我们与自然界、其他人、时间、人生等的关系。医学专业人员认为,不同民族对疾病与治疗态度的反映是截然不同的,有些则有碍于科学的有效的现代医疗。病人及其家属的合作和顺从对治疗效果... 详细信息

卫生保健的态度能反映基本的世界观和文化标准,如我们与自然界、其他人、时间、人生等的关系。医学专业人员认为,不同民族对疾病与治疗态度的反映是截然不同的,有些则有碍于科学的有效的现代医疗。病人及其家属的合作和顺从对治疗效果极为重要,我们必须克服文化上的障碍,加强对不同民族医疗卫生问题及文化态度的了解,提高处理这些问题的技能。使治疗方法更趋于科学化并为他们所接受。必须认识到自己的信仰,标准和态度,因为这些问题影响我们的医疗行为。文化是指一个特定的民族所具有和表达

关键词：卫生保健医学专业人员精神痛苦家庭成员产后妇女第二语言交流工作酒精中毒社会经济地位人格类型

瘤胃保护米糠对非泌乳经产奶牛体内钙平衡的影响

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饲料博览 2011年第10期21卷 4-4页

作者： Martín-Tereso j Van Puijenbroek r Van Vuuren A M Van Laar H Den hartog L A Verstegen M W A 张树金不详

产犊前,通过激活体内钙平衡可预防奶牛产乳热,通过降低日粮钙利用率可获得奶牛体内平衡适应。试验旨在研究甲醛处理米糠给奶牛提供瘤胃保护植酸来降低钙的利用率。选择经产干奶牛12头,采用3×3拉丁方设计,转换期5d,3个处理日粮由混合饲... 详细信息

产犊前,通过激活体内钙平衡可预防奶牛产乳热,通过降低日粮钙利用率可获得奶牛体内平衡适应。试验旨在研究甲醛处理米糠给奶牛提供瘤胃保护植酸来降低钙的利用率。选择经产干奶牛12头,采用3×3拉丁方设计,转换期5d,3个处理日粮由混合饲草(玉米青贮、牧草青贮和干草,占77%日粮干物质)和添加3种精料组成:对照组(无甲醛处理米糠)、T1组(100%甲醛处理米糠)、T2组(99.5%甲醛处理米糠,0.6%碳酸钙,以获得与对照组相同的钙含量)。试验结果表明,日粮处理不会影响尿液pH(对照组、T1组和T2组分别为8.14、8.13和8.11)、干物质采食量(对照组、T1组和T2组分别为13.9、13.7和13.8kg)。日粮加入甲醛处理米糠使得尿钙与肌酸酐比值下降(对照组、T1组和T2组分别为0.970、0.457和0.618)。撤销T1和T2,引入对照组时,尿钙排泄突然增加,第1天达到高峰,第2天和第3天逐渐下降。撤销T1后,峰值最大,米糠处理组之间转换则没有观察到。这可理解为在饲喂甲醛处理米糠期间,激活肠道钙吸收的间接证据,因为肾脏适应血钙清除变化是即时的,而肠道适应延迟2d。试验结果表明,产犊前,奶牛日粮加入甲醛处理米糠是一种预防产乳热而不会降低干物质采食量的日粮策略。

关键词：钙体内平衡吸收植酸产乳热米糠

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大麦产量与制麦芽品质间的相关性

大麦与谷类科学 1985年第1期 51-53页

作者： P.O.Ayiecho j.F.M.Onim 谢静萱

采用了四个二棱大麦(Hordeum vulgare Linn)品种三个和六棱大麦品种进行双列杂交以确定产量和制麦芽品质间的相关性.收集整理了单株籽粒产量,单株穗数,每穗粒数,百粒量,籽粒含氮量和水份含量的数据.观察到棱型对这些特性的相关有着强烈... 详细信息

采用了四个二棱大麦(Hordeum vulgare Linn)品种三个和六棱大麦品种进行双列杂交以确定产量和制麦芽品质间的相关性.收集整理了单株籽粒产量,单株穗数,每穗粒数,百粒量,籽粒含氮量和水份含量的数据.观察到棱型对这些特性的相关有着强烈影响.在二棱和六棱亲本中,单株籽粒产量和单株穗数呈正相关.产量构成成分间呈负相关.虽然麦芽的各项品质间呈负相关,但粒重和含氮量有着正相关.籽粒产量与麦芽品质的任何属性都没有很强的相关性.在二梭亲本中,单株穗数和每穗粒数对籽粒产量影响显著.尽管其它的产量构成成分相互间呈负相关,单株穗数和粒重仍呈正相关.观察到籽粒产量和籽粒含氮量间呈负相关,在粒重和籽粒水分含量间也呈负相关.籽粒产量是由单株穗数,每穗粒数和平均粒重产生出来的,麦芽的各种品质相互间却不以这种同样的方式反应出来(Donald, 1962; Grafius and OKoli, 1974).产量构成成分与籽粒产量通常呈正相关(Asana et. al, 1955; sikka and jain, 1958; Sidwell et al, 1976).但是,产量构成成分相互之间通常呈负相关(rasmusson and cannell, 1970; Mcneal et al, 1978).最重要的麦芽品质是低的籽粒含氮量和水分含量,高的发芽率,平均粒重和出粉系数.籽粒产量和麦芽品质要一起改良是不容易的.在籽粒产量和含氮量之间存在着负相关(hartog and Lambert, 1953; Bell and Lumpton, 1962).但是,在肯尼亚的啤酒大麦(Hordum vuglare Linn)品种中,对这些特性的表型相关而言,没有什么可利用的信息.本报告估量了籽粒产量与其构成成分及与所选择的麦芽品质间的表型相关.

关键词：籽粒产量粒重构成成分单株穗数每穗粒数大麦麦类作物半双列杂交麦芽品质相关性