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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： Sarah Babington Alan j.Tilbrook Shane K.maloney jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn m.Crowley luoyang Ding Archa H.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy j.mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry Hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

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Ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations for neutron-rich P,Cl,and K isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 181-190页

作者：谢萌冉沈留媛李健国李红蕙袁琪左维 Institute of modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Neutron-rich P,Cl,and K isotopes,particularly those with neutron numbers of approximately N=28,have attracted extensive experimental and theoretical *** utilize the ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group approach,based on chiral nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon forces,to investigate the exotic properties of these *** calculations of the low-lying spectra are performed.A key finding is the level inversion between 3/2^(+)_(1)and 1/2^(+)_(1)states in odd-A isotopes,attributed to the inversion ofπ0xod3/2 andπls1/2 single-particle *** ab initio calculations,which incorporate the three-nucleon forces,correlate closely with existing experimental *** calculations of effective proton single-particle energies provide deeper insights into the shell evolution for Z=14 and 16 *** results indicate that the three-body force plays important roles in the shell evolution for Z=14 and 16 sub-shells with neutron numbers ranging from 20 to ***,systematic ab initio calculations are conducted for the low-lying spectra of odd-odd *** results correspond with experimental data and provide new insights for future research into these isotopes up to and beyond the drip line.

关键词： ab initio calculations shell evolution low-lying spectra

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Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： Edward j Wu Bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert m Szabo Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CmC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand *** the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy *** The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CmC *** A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CmC *** were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic *** Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(lRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+lRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their *** who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their *** of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional *** of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and freque

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

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Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous mg-Zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.liu S.j.liu B.Wang W.B.Sun X.j.liu Z.W.Han College of materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key laboratory of Bionic Engineering(ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and lPSO phase(mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30mPa to 9.23 mPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 mj/m^(3)to 10.97 mj/m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

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Isla San Pedro Nolasco as a late miocene intrusive record at the eastern margin of the Gulf of California:Insights from geological,geochemical and geochronological studies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第3期13卷 100-114页

作者： l.A.Velderrain-Rojas j.R.Vidal-Solano l.m.Alva-Valdivia R.Vega-Granillo m.lópez-martinez Departamento de Geología División de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de SonoraC.P.83000 HermosilloSonoraMexico laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo Instituto de GeofísicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCircuito de la Investigación CientíficaC.P.04510 MéxicoD.F.Mexico Departamento de Geología División de Ciencias de la TierraCentro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de EnsenadaBaja CaliforniaMexico

Isla San Pedro Nolasco(ISPN)is a structural high bounded by inactive dextral oblique-slip faults in the east-central part of the Gulf of California rift zone and is composed of intrusive rocks not exposed on other Gulf of California *** we present the reconnaissance results from geological mapping,as well as first geochemical and geochronological data for the ISPN intrusive *** intrusive rocks compose a sheet-like body of intermediate and felsic composition intruded by an intermediate and acidic dike *** intrusive rocks(host and dikes)range in age from ca.9 ma to 10 ma(^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar)and show a hydrous ferromagnesian mineral association(amphibole and biotite)with a calc-alkalic and transitional *** hydrated mineralogical association has not been recognized in the coeval rocks along the onshore western margin of the North American plate(coastal Sonora).However,such hydrous mineralogical association is found in the coeval rift transitional volcanic rocks from the Baja California microplate at Santa Rosalía and Bahía de losÁngeles–Bahía de lasÁ*** ISPN continental block,at least 40 km long,has been pulled apart by transtensional faulting of the late miocene Gulf of California shear zone before the westward migration of the North America-Pacific plate boundary at ca.3–2 ***,ISPN became isolated as an island during the late miocene flooding of the Gulf of California seaway.

关键词： PAC-NAm plate boundary Gulf of California Intrusive rocks Isla San Pedro Nolasco

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multivariate form of Hermite sampling series

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Applied mathematics(A journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 253-265页

作者： Rashad m.Asharabi Department of mathematics College of Arts and SciencesNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia

In this paper,we establish a new multivariate Hermite sampling series involving samples from the function itself and its mixed and non-mixed partial derivatives of arbitrary *** multivariate form of Hermite sampling will be valid for some classes of multivariate entire functions,satisfying certain growth *** will show that many known results included in Commun Korean math Soc,2002,17:731-740,Turk j math,2017,41:387-403 and Filomat,2020,34:3339-3347 are special cases of our ***,we estimate the truncation error of this sampling based on localized sampling without decay *** examples are also presented.

关键词： multidimensional sampling series sampling with partial derivatives contour integral truncation error

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metabolic reprogramming by Syntenin-1 directs RA FlS and endothelial cell-mediated inflammation and angiogenesis

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 33-46页

作者： Anja meyer Stephanie R.Zack Wes Nijim Adel Burgos Vishwa Patel Brian Zanotti michael V.Volin m.Asif Amin myles j.lewis Costantino Pitzalis Shiva Arami joseph A.Karam Nadera j.Sweiss Shiva Shahrara jesse Brown VA medical Center ChicagoILUSA Department of medicine Division of RheumatologyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of microbiology and Immunology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Centre for Experimental medicine and Rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Centre for Experimental medicine&Rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC&NHS TrustLondonUK Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityand Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery the University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

A novel rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial fluid protein,Syntenin-1,and its receptor,Syndecan-1(SDC-1),are colocalized on RA synovial tissue endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FlS).Syntenin-1 exacerbates the inflammatory landscape of endothelial cells and RA FlS by upregulating transcription of IRF1/5/7/9,Il-1β,Il-6,and CCl2 through SDC-1 ligation and HIF1α,or mTOR ***,Syntenin-1 orchestrates RA FlS and endothelial cell invasion via SDC-1 and/or mTOR *** Syntenin-1 reprogrammed endothelial cells,the dynamic expression of metabolic intermediates coincides with escalated glycolysis along with unchanged oxidative factors,AmPK,PGC-1α,citrate,and inactive oxidative ***,RA FlS rewired by Syntenin-1 displayed a modest glycolytic-ATP accompanied by a robust mitochondrial-ATP *** enriched mitochondrial-ATP detected in Syntenin-1 reprogrammed RA FlS was coupled with mitochondrial fusion and fission recapitulated by escalated mitofusin-2 and DRP1 *** found that VEGFR1/2 and Notch1 networks are responsible for the crosstalk between Syntenin-1 rewired endothelial cells and RA FlS,which are also represented in RA *** to RA explants,morphological and transcriptome studies authenticated the importance of VEGFR1/2,Notch1,RAPTOR,and HIF1αpathways in Syntenin-1 arthritic mice and their obstruction in SDC-1 deficient ***,dysregulation of SDC-1,mTOR,and HIF1αnegated Syntenin-1 inflammatory phenotype in RA explants,while inhibition of HIF1αimpaired synovial angiogenic imprint amplified by *** conclusion,since the current therapies are ineffective on Syntenin-1 and SDC-1 expression in RA synovial tissue and blood,targeting this pathway and its interconnected metabolic intermediates may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Syntenin-1 Syndecan-1 RA FlS RA explants immunometabolism

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Error field penetration in j-TEXT tokamak based on two-fluid drift-mHD model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j-TEXT team State Key laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

An externally generated resonant magnetic perturbation can induce complex non-ideal mHD responses in their resonant *** have studied the plasma responses using Fitzpatrick's improved two-fluid model and program *** calculated the error field penetration threshold for *** addition,we find that the island width increases slightly as the error field amplitude increases when the error field amplitude is below the critical penetration ***,the island width suddenly jumps to a large value because the shielding effect of the plasma against the error field disappears after the *** scanning the natural mode frequency,we find that the shielding effect of the plasma decreases as the natural mode frequency ***,we obtain the m/n=2/1 penetration threshold scaling on density and temperature.

关键词： plasma responses drift-mHD model error field penetration

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modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use,carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards

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journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 283-295页

作者： Alvaro lópez-Bernal Omar García-Tejera luca Testi Francisco j.Villalobos Departamento de Agronomía Universidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesEdifi cio C414071 CórdobaSpain Departamento de Ingeniería Agraria Y del medio Natural Universidad de La LagunaCarretera General de Geneto 238200 San Cristóbal de La LagunaSpain Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible(IAS) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científi cas(CSIC)Av.Menéndez Pidal S/N14080 CórdobaSpain

Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem ***,the trade-off between these benefits and the competition for water with the trees makes the definition of optimal management practices a challenging task in semiarid *** work presents an improved version of OliveCan,a process-based simulation model of olive orchards that now can simulate the main impacts of cover crops on the water and carbon balances of olive *** simple in its formulation,the new model components were developed to deal with different cover crop management *** are presented for simulation runs of a traditional olive orchard in the conditions of southern Spain,evaluating the effects of different widths for the strip occupied by the cover crop(Fcc)and two contrasting mowing *** revealed that high Fccresulted in lower olive yields,but only when mowing was applied at the end of *** this regard,late mowing and high Fccwas associated with lower soil water content from spring to summer,coinciding with olive flowering and the earlier stages of fruit *** also negatively correlated with surface runoff irrespective of the mowing *** the other hand,net ecosystem productivity(NEP)was substantially affected by both Fccand mowing *** simulations under future climate scenarios comparing the same management alternatives are also presented,showing substantial yield reductions by the end of the century and minor or negligible changes in NEP and seasonal runoff.

关键词： Carbon exchange Cover crops Crop modelling Evapotranspiration Olea europaea l

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Does the Redshift Distribution of Swift long GRBs Trace the Star-Formation Rate?

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International journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 20-44页

作者： Ali m. Hasan Walid j. Azzam Department of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (lGRBs) with an observed duration T90 > 2 s, and short bursts (SGRBs) with an observed duration T90 T90 is the time interval during which 90% of the fluence is detected. lGRBs are believed to emanate from the core-collapse of massive stars, while SGRBs are believed to result from the merging of two compact objects, like two neutron stars. Because lGRBs are produced by the violent death of massive stars, we expect that their redshift distribution should trace the star-formation rate (SFR). The purpose of our study is to investigate the extent to which the redshift distribution of lGRBs follows and reflects the SFR. We use a sample of 370 lGRBs taken from the Swift catalog, and we investigate different models for the lGRB redshift distribution. We also carry out monte Carlo simulations to check the consistency of our results. Our results indicate that the SFR can describe the lGRB redshift distribution well for high redshift bursts, but it needs an evolution term to fit the distribution well at low redshift.

关键词： Gamma-Ray Bursts Redshift Distribution Star-Formation Rate

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